Deck 5: Interactions: Environments and Organisms

Question 1

Which of the following organisms is a secondary consumer?

A)wolf
B)elk
C)mouse
D)bacteria

Answer 1

wolf

Question 2

Charles Darwin is generally credited with

A)developing the concept of sexual dimorphism.
B)developing the concept of natural selection.
C)developing the concept of genetic concept.
D)All of these are correct.

Answer 2

developing the concept of natural selection.

Question 3

Extinction of organisms is

A)very unusual.
B)was more common in the past.
C)not occurring today.
D)a common event today.

Answer 3

a common event today.

Question 4

Natural selection is the process that determines

A)who an individual mates with.
B)which scientist publishes their experiments.
C)which individuals within a species will reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation.
D)how active an animal is at night.

Question 5

Grazing animals and the grasses they eat have both evolved in response to each other's influence.This process is known as

A)coevolution.
B)extinction.
C)competitive exclusion principle.
D)interspecific competition.

Question 6

Ecologists distinguish two different kinds of competition.An example of one is

A)intraspecific competition occurs between organisms of the same species.
B)interspecific competition occurs between animals and plants.
C)intraspecific competition results in one species eliminating another species.
D)None of the statements is correct.

Question 7

Two organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring are said to be individuals of the same

A)community.
B)niche.
C)habitat.
D)species.

Question 8

The development of herbicide resistance in populations of weeds over several generations is an example of

A)social Darwinism.
B)biogeochemical cycles.
C)organic farming.
D)evolution.

Question 9

What is the term used to describe food chains which overlap and intersect?

A)food web
B)detrital food chain
C)natural selection
D)range of tolerance

Question 10

Which of the following organisms is a primary producer?

A)fungi
B)grasshoppers
C)grass
D)decomposer

Question 11

Among plants,a condition that results in an increase in the number of sets of chromosomes,is called

A)multi-genetics.
B)polyploidy.
C)diploid.
D)haploid.

Question 12

The use of fertilizers in agriculture has significantly altered several nutrient cycles including

A)nitrogen.
B)carbon.
C)hydrologic.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 13

In a mutualistic relationship

A)one organism benefits while the other is unaffected.
B)both species benefit.
C)one species benefits while the other is harmed.
D)endoparasites outnumber ectoparasites.

Question 14

The small amount of dissolved oxygen found in warm water is considered a ________ to the success of many fish species.

A)biotic factor
B)limiting factor
C)niche
D)None of these are correct

Question 15

The chief limiting factor to the success of most trout species is

A)the ability to reproduce.
B)the dissolved oxygen content in water.
C)the amount of plant biomass.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 16

This concept states that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche in the same place and the same time.

A)Natural Selection
B)Genetic Drift
C)Competitive Exclusion Principle
D)Niche Exclusion

Question 17

When a population becomes isolated from another population of the same species over a long period of time

A)gene exchange is likely to occur.
B)competition is increased.
C)speciation is likely to occur.
D)extinction is likely to occur.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a decomposer?

A)fungi
B)bacteria
C)moss
D)None of these are correct.

Question 19

Ecologists have traditionally categorized the roles of organisms in ecosystems into three broad categories that include

A)parasites.
B)symbionts.
C)decomposers.
D)carnivores.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor?

A)the number of individuals of a particular species living in a community
B)the interactions between different species in a community
C)the diversity of prey and predator species in a community
D)the climate of the community in which the species mentioned above inhabit

Question 21

Which of the following habitats has rapid decomposition?

A)tundra
B)tropical forests
C)northern forests
D)grasslands
E)swamps

Question 22

This meat eater often gets meat from animals that have died by accident or illness,or were killed by other animals.

A)scavenger
B)omnivore
C)carnivore
D)parasite

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a detrital food chain?

A)a coniferous forest
B)sewage treatment plant
C)open lake
D)salt marsh

Question 24

________ are a major carbon sink.

A)Oceans
B)Lakes
C)Rivers
D)Ponds

Question 25

What kind of plant has nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in their roots?

A)deciduous trees
B)mosses
C)legumes
D)ferns

Question 26

Biting insects that transmit parasites are known as

A)vectors.
B)endoparasites.
C)keystone species.
D)None of these are correct.

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?

A)bison
B)sea kelp
C)wolves
D)None of these are correct.

Question 28

Tapeworms living inside the intestines of their host are an example of what type of relationship?

A)predator/prey relationship
B)commensalism
C)ectoparasitism
D)endoparasitism

Question 29

Indian pipe,a flowering plant,lacks chlorophyll and is not able to do photosynthesis.It obtains food as:

A)a parasite
B)a commensal organism
C)a host
D)a mutualistic organism
E)More than one of these choices is correct.

Question 30

Polyploidy is an evolutionary mechanism that may result in

A)new plant species.
B)a surge in birthrates in mammals.
C)the baldness trait becoming dominant in men.
D)death if recessive.

Question 31

Each step in the flow of energy through an ecosystem is known as a

A)food chain.
B)trophic level.
C)plateau of consumption.
D)food web.

Question 32

Carbon enters the carbon cycle in the form of

A)lipids formed in photosynthesis.
B)carbonate in rock.
C)atmospheric carbon dioxide.
D)decomposition of organic material.

Question 33

Phosphorous is released from rocks by which process?

A)bacterial decomposition
B)weathering and erosion
C)photosynthesis
D)All of these are correct.

Question 34

Another name for a nutrient cycle in an ecosystem is a

A)biogeochemical cycle.
B)menstrual cycle.
C)hydrogen cycle.
D)diurnal cycle.

Question 35

Which of the following elements is the most common limiting factor to plants in naturally occurring soil?

A)nitrogen
B)phosphorous
C)oxygen
D)carbon

Question 36

The relationship between frogs and insects is an example of

A)intraspecific competition.
B)coevolution.
C)a predator-prey relationship.
D)competitive exclusion.

Question 37

Which of the following best matches the description?
Series of stages in the flow of nitrogen in ecosystems.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 38

Agricultural runoff consists of a mixture of compounds that serve as nutrients.The two primary nutrients are ________ and ________.

A)nitrogen;oxygen
B)nitrogen;carbon
C)nitrogen;phosphorus
D)nitrogen;sulfur

Question 39

Phosphorus

A)is found in rocks.
B)is found in teeth.
C)is found dissolved in water.
D)All of the statements are correct.
E)None of the statements are correct.

Question 40

The introduction of which organism is correlated with a major disruption to the food web of the Great Lakes?

A)diatoms
B)whitefish
C)zebra mussels
D)Diporeia.

Question 41

Which of the following best matches the description?
Competition between members of the same species.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 42

Genetic variation among individuals of the same species enables some of these individuals to have a greater chance of obtaining resources and therefore,producing more offspring.

Question 43

Everything that affects an organism during its lifetime is known as ecology.

Question 44

Which of the following best matches the description?
Bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into forms of nitrogen that plants can use.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 45

Which of the following best matches the description?
Interacting groups of different species in a given area.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 46

Which of the following best matches the description?
Bacteria that convert nitrogen compounds in the soil into nitrogen gas.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 47

Which of the following best matches the description?
The place an organism lives.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 48

Which of the following best matches the description?
An organism that eats both plants and animals.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 49

Which of the following best matches the description?
Parasite that lives on the outside of its host.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 50

Which of the following best matches the description?
The flow of carbon from the atmosphere to living organisms and back again.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 51

Which of the following best matches the description?
An environmental condition,the absence of which,prevents the success of an organism.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 52

Which of the following best matches the description?
An organism that can manufacture food from inorganic compounds and light energy.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 53

Which of the following best matches the description?
Accumulation of organic material that consists of or are produced by living things.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 54

Which of the following best matches the description?
Animal that eats plants.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 55

Genes are distinct pieces of DNA that determine the characteristics an individual displays.

Question 56

Which of the following best matches the description?
Stage in the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 57

The carbon cycle is an example of how materials are cycled through ecosystems.

Question 58

Competition between foxes and hawks for the use of mice and rabbits as food is called intraspecific competition.

Question 59

Which of the following best matches the description?
Competition between members of different species.

A)denitrifying bacteria
B)herbivore
C)omnivore
D)producer
E)trophic level
F)community
G)ectoparasite
H)limiting factor
I)none of above
J)secondary consumer
K)nitrogen cycle
L)biomass
M)habitat
N)carbon cycle
O)interspecific competition
P)nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Q)intraspecific competition

Question 60

The biotic component of an organism's environment is the non-living or physical factors.

Question 61

About 20 percent of the energy passing from one trophic level to the next is lost.

Question 62

Populations are all organisms of a specific kind that live within a specific geographic region.

Question 63

About 50% of photosynthesis activity takes place in fresh water.

Question 64

The niche of an organism is the result of many years of natural selection.

Question 65

Conversion of natural ecosystems to agriculture ecosystems can lead to less carbon stored in soil and large plants such as trees.

Question 66

Detritus are small bits of non-living organic material.

Question 67

Symbiotic relationships are those in which organisms live in physical contact with one another.

Question 68

A food chain is a series of organism occupying different trophic levels through which energy passes.

Question 69

A species that has a narrow range of tolerance to heat,such as a polar bear,should be able to adapt easily to changes in its habitat that occur with global warming.

Question 70

The production of a new species from a previous species is known as mutualism.

Question 71

Competition between members of the same species is known as intraspecific competition.

Question 72

Producers are organisms that are able to use sources of energy to make complex,organic molecules from simple inorganic substances in their environment.

Question 73

The source of phosphate in the phosphorous cycle is the atmosphere.

Question 74

At the highest trophic level,there is less energy and fewer organisms than at the lower levels.

Question 75

Commensal organisms live on another organism and harm the host in the process.

Question 76

Consumers are organisms that require no organic matter as a source of food.

Question 77

Charles Darwin developed the idea of natural selection without understanding the gene concept.

Question 78

During the carbon cycle,the same carbon atoms are used over and over again.

Question 79

The source of nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle is found in rocks.

Question 80

If a species becomes isolated from another for a long time as a result of a barrier,speciation will not occur.