Deck 6: Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Question 1

According to Horney,the attempts of neurotics to find love typically result in

A)increased self-esteem.
B)decreased hostility.
C)basic anxiety.
D)success.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Discuss Horney's concepts of neurotic needs and neurotic trends.

Answer 2

A.Horney originally identified 10 categories of neurotic needs that underlie the attempts of neurotics to combat basic anxiety.One person may use several neurotic needs in an attempt to deal with other people.
B.The 10 neurotic needs are (1) the need for affection and approval, (2) the need for a powerful partner, (3) the need to restrict one's life within narrow borders, (4) the need for power, (5) the need to exploit others, (6) the need for social recognition or prestige, (7) the need for personal admiration, (8) the need for ambition and personal achievement, (9) the need for self-sufficiency and independence,and (10) the need for perfection and unassailability.
C.Later,Horney grouped these 10 neurotic needs into three basic attitudes,or neurotic trends.The three neurotic trends are (1) moving toward people,which includes neurotic needs 1,2,and 3; (2) moving against people,which includes neurotic needs 4,5,6,7,and 8; and (3) moving away from people,which includes neurotic needs 9 and 10.
D.Each of the three neurotic trends has a normal analog.Moving toward people translates as a friendly,loving attitude in normal people; moving against people has a normal analog of survivability in a competitive society; and the normal analog for moving away from people is an autonomous and serene attitude.

Question 3

Horney contended that needs for affection result in

A)an undervaluation of love.
B)an overvaluation of love.
C)isolation.
D)self-esteem.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Horney criticized Freudian theory on several accounts.Which of these was one of her major criticisms?

A)Freud's ideas on feminine psychology
B)too little emphasis on biological factors
C)too little emphasis on ego functioning
D)it was too flexible in theory and practice

Question 5

Horney's theory is built mainly on her writings about

A)psychoses and psychotic people.
B)neuroses and neurotic people.
C)normality and normal people.
D)self-actualizing people.
E)women rather than men.

Question 6

Horney was most critical of Freud's

A)research methods.
B)observations.
C)interpretations.
D)lack of scientific data.
E)honesty of interpretation.

Question 7

Horney believed that the cultural contradictions of society

A)lead to intrapsychic conflict.
B)result in achievement and success.
C)are a result of anatomical differences between the sexes.
D)can never be successfully resolved.

Question 8

According to Horney,the underlying cause of human neuroses is

A)the Oedipus complex.
B)physiological deficiencies.
C)restrictive toilet training.
D)human interrelations.

Question 9

Horney believed that people combat basic anxiety by adopting which mode of relating to people?

A)moving against others
B)moving toward others
C)moving away from others
D)All of these are correct.

Question 10

According to Horney,normal and neurotic individuals differ in their use of the three basic styles of relating to people in that

A)neurotics use deceit to relate to others.
B)normals only use one mode of relating to others.
C)neurotics only use one mode of relating to others.
D)neurotics use the three basic styles,but normals do not.

Question 11

Horney contended that modern society is based on ______ between individuals.

A)cooperation
B)altruism
C)dependence
D)competition
E)estrangement

Question 12

Comment on Horney's unique contribution to feminine psychology within the more promasculine psychoanalytic view.Be sure to address the main tenets of Freud that Horney rejected.

Question 13

According to Horney,Western society hinders people's attempts to find love by

A)rewarding competitiveness.
B)rewarding failure.
C)limiting feelings of free choice.
D)All of these are correct.
E)None of these is correct.

Question 14

Karen Horney,like _______,was the youngest child of a middle-aged father,had older siblings who were favored by her parents,and felt unwanted and unloved.

A)Sigmund Freud
B)Carl Jung
C)Melanie Klein
D)Eric Fromm

Question 15

Discuss Horney's criticism of Freud.

Question 16

Horney believed that children develop __________ as a reaction to unfilled needs for love and affection.

A)basic hostility to their parents
B)codependence with their parents
C)independence from their parents
D)an Oedipus complex

Question 17

Feelings of isolation,Horney said,stem from

A)anatomical differences of the two genders.
B)early childhood rejection by parents.
C)peer rejection in adolescence.
D)lack of courage or assertiveness.
E)an overly competitive society.

Question 18

Horney believed that people are governed by which two guiding principles?

A)sex and aggression
B)avoidance and attraction
C)safety and satisfaction
D)superiority and inferiority
E)love and hate

Question 19

Horney came to psychoanalysis from

A)art.
B)music.
C)medicine.
D)sociology.

Question 20

In Horney's view,___________ is (are) largely responsible for the development of basic anxiety and subsequent unhealthy interpersonal relations.

A)cultural conditions
B)the existential dilemma
C)the idealized self-image
D)neurotic pride

Question 21

Horney asserted that the primary adverse influence inhibiting a child's potential for healthy development is

A)the failure of the parent(s) to love the child.
B)rivalry and competitiveness among children.
C)the unconscious instinctual urges of the child.
D)the lack of proper socialization of the child.

Question 22

According to Horney,aggressive people assume that other people are

A)helpless.
B)hostile.
C)superior to them.
D)inferior to them.

Question 23

Horney saw the tendency to humiliate others in order to protect oneself against humiliation as

A)power.
B)prestige.
C)possession.
D)dominance.

Question 24

According to Horney,an important difference between the neurotic trends of normal individuals and those of neurotic people is that neurotics

A)are usually conscious of their strategies.
B)are compelled to follow a single rigid strategy.
C)experience little conflict caused by their strategies.
D)enjoy their misery.

Question 25

For Horney,adult attitudes toward others are

A)a result of an unresolved Oedipus complex.
B)repetitions of infantile attitudes.
C)directly tied to instinctual needs.
D)a product of individual character structure.

Question 26

Horney believed that neurotics move toward people because they experience

A)deep feelings of helplessness.
B)painful feelings of inferiority.
C)painful feelings of isolation.
D)deep feelings of love and affection.

Question 27

According to Horney,neurotics differ from normals in that they

A)are fully conscious of their basic attitudes.
B)are free to choose their own actions.
C)experience severe,insoluble conflicts.
D)none of these.
E)all of these.

Question 28

Tami is proud of her intellectual skills and abilities,and she is pleased when others notice and admire her superior intelligence.These characteristics reflect Horney's neurotic need for

A)power.
B)affection and approval.
C)independence.
D)prestige.
E)personal admiration.

Question 29

Which of these is NOT one of Horney's 10 neurotic needs?

A)affection and approval
B)order and direction
C)power
D)perfection

Question 30

According to Horney,most neuroses stem from

A)childhood.
B)adolescence.
C)an unhappy marriage.
D)genetic factors.

Question 31

Those individuals who adopt Horney's neurotic trend of moving away from people typically fear

A)needing others.
B)dependence upon others.
C)competition.
D)All of these are correct.
E)None of these is correct.

Question 32

Horney believed that people are

A)innately healthy.
B)innately neurotic.
C)born with a potential for psychological health,but that this potential must be developed in a warm and loving atmosphere.
D)born with the potential for psychological health,but that this potential must be developed in an atmosphere of competition.

Question 33

According to Horney,neurotic strategies differ from normal ones by their

A)aggressiveness.
B)ineffectiveness.
C)effectiveness.
D)compulsivity.

Question 34

Parker is constantly belittling his own accomplishments.He also dreads asking others for favors.These behaviors illustrate Horney's neurotic need

A)for affection and approval.
B)for a romantic and life partner.
C)to restrict one's life within narrow borders.
D)to attain self-sufficiency and independence.

Question 35

Horney saw neurotic behavior as a protection against

A)low self-esteem.
B)self-hated.
C)psychoses.
D)basic anxiety.

Question 36

"A feeling of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world" is Horney's definition of

A)basic dread.
B)basic threat.
C)basic fear.
D)basic anxiety.
E)innate inferiority.

Question 37

Some people move toward other people by seeking a powerful partner.Horney referred to this search for a powerful partner as

A)neurotic symbiotic need.
B)need for food and shelter.
C)morbid dependency.
D)moving against people.

Question 38

Kip seeks out powerful people to be his friends.Horney would say that Kip's needs for a powerful partner

A)are signs of high self-esteem.
B)are needs that are neurotic.
C)produce basic anxiety.
D)will result in shame and guilt.

Question 39

Children who feel isolated from others are likely to develop Horney's neurotic trend of moving

A)with others.
B)away from others.
C)against others.
D)toward others.

Question 40

Neuroses,Horney said,grow out of the "nutritive soil" of

A)an experience or perception of failure.
B)constant,unrelenting basic anxiety.
C)exaggerated feelings of superiority.
D)an unresolved Oedipus complex.
E)an agrarian culture.

Question 41

Horney referred to the neurotic's compulsive drive toward actualizing the ideal self as

A)the process of self-realization.
B)the neurotic trend.
C)the neurotic search for glory.
D)the tyranny of the should.
E)neurotic ambition.

Question 42

According to Horney,the principal behavior of neurotics who move away from people is

A)self-confidence.
B)compliance.
C)aggressiveness.
D)detachment.

Question 43

Horney believed that intrapsychic processes originate from

A)anatomical differences between the sexes.
B)interpersonal experiences.
C)the collective unconscious.
D)the neurotic trends.
E)instinctual strivings.

Question 44

Horney believed that an idealized self-image is established in order to

A)achieve self-actualization.
B)overcome feelings of inferiority.
C)convince others of one's worth.
D)combat a sense of self-alienation.

Question 45

Horney recognized that some women may wish to be a man due to

A)penis envy.
B)womb envy.
C)cultural privileges for men.
D)anatomical differences between the sexes.

Question 46

An outstanding characteristic of people who adopt Horney's trend of moving toward people is

A)self-confidence.
B)compliance.
C)aggressiveness.
D)detachment.

Question 47

Horney insisted that the Oedipus complex

A)did not exist.
B)was the result of cultural forces.
C)was the result of physical anatomy.
D)was universal.

Question 48

According to Horney,two important intrapsychic conflicts are

A)guilt and remorse.
B)competition and cooperation.
C)self-hatred and the idealized self-image.
D)moving away from people and moving toward people.
E)moving against people and moving toward people.

Question 49

The major strength of Horney's theory is her

A)comprehensive description of the neurotic personality.
B)concern with the biological determinants of behavior.
C)description of psychic conflict.
D)innovative psychotherapy techniques.
E)support for Freud's ideas on the importance of the Oedipus complex.

Question 50

Which of these is LEAST characteristic of people Horney regarded as neurotic?

A)high self-esteem
B)feelings of perfection
C)self-hatred
D)a need to be first in everything

Question 51

The general goal of Horneyian therapy is to help the patient

A)enhance the trend of moving toward people.
B)reject the trend of moving against people.
C)actualize the idealized self.
D)increase the needs for safety and security.
E)grow in the direction of self-realization.

Question 52

In Horney's view,neurotics

A)use the real self as the standard for self-evaluation.
B)use the idealized self as the standard for self-evaluation.
C)move toward the goal of actualizing the real self.
D)are unable even to form the concept of the idealized self.

Question 53

According to Horney,the most destructive element of the neurotic search for glory is

A)neurotic ambition.
B)neurotic claims of accomplishments.
C)neurotic pride.
D)the drive toward a vindictive triumph.
E)the tyranny of the should.

Question 54

The normal analog of Horney's neurotic trend of moving away from people is

A)autonomy.
B)competition.
C)compliance.
D)indifference.
E)hostility.

Question 55

Horney believed that the core of men's need to subjugate women and women's wish to humiliate men is

A)basic anxiety.
B)self hatred.
C)neurotic pride.
D)a vindictive triumph.
E)the tyranny of the should.

Question 56

Horney predicted that people who experience a positive,loving relationship will move

A)away from people.
B)toward self-realization.
C)toward people.
D)toward a pampered style of life.
E)toward a neglected style of life.

Question 57

For Horney,psychic differences between men and women result from

A)anatomical differences between the sexes.
B)differences in superego development.
C)the resolution of the Oedipus complexes.
D)cultural and social expectations.

Question 58

In their need for perfection,neurotics often set up complex rules and outrageous standards that they feel they must follow.Horney refers to this as

A)the process of self-realization.
B)neurotic claims.
C)the tyranny of the should.
D)neurotic ambition.
E)vindictive triumph.

Question 59

Each of Horney's neurotic trends has a normal analog.The ability to survive in a competitive society is a healthy extension of which neurotic trend?

A)moving against people
B)moving toward people
C)moving with people
D)moving away from people

Question 60

Which technique(s) did Horney not use in her psychotherapy?

A)dream analysis
B)free association
C)hypnosis
D)She used all of these.

Question 61

According to Horney,the principal difference between a psychologically healthy person and a neurotic person is the degree of _______ with which each moves toward,against,or away from people.

A)force
B)basic hostility
C)compulsivity
D)aggression

Question 62

Horney's concept of humanity was based mostly on her

A)clinical work with neurotic patients.
B)reaction to Freud's psychoanalysis.
C)search for the self-actualizing person.
D)previous training in sociology.