Deck 14: Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Hallucinations are false beliefs that are held against all contrary evidence, such as thinking that one's mind is being controlled by outside forces.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The clinical judgment that a person's behavior is abnormal is usually made on the basis of the two core features that the behavior is socially non-conforming and is annoying to a majority of the population.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fear of using a public restroom would be classified as a social phobia.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Neurosis is an outdated term that person still use to loosely refer to problems involving excessive anxiety.

Question 5

Barry throws himself into a whirlwind of activity marked by extreme distractibility, rapid shifts in thoughts, constant talking, and restless movement.His behavior, at times, could also be described as a deep depression.Barry is probably suffering from a conversion disorder.

Question 6

Fleeing from familiar surroundings to escape extreme threat is called dissociative fugue.

Question 7

According to the psychoanalytic theory, depression is caused by repressed anger that is turned inward as self-hate.

Question 8

Persons who are housebound and fearful of leaving the security of their own homes suffer from agoraphobia.

Question 9

The current diagnostic manual for classifying psychopathology is called the Federal Uniform Code of Psychopathology (UCP).

Question 10

Schizophrenia may be described as a split personality, in which one of the personalities is hostile and non-conforming and the other is docile and conforming.

Question 11

Kyle believes that every time he hears a car horn honk on the busy street outside his apartment that he is being sent an important coded message from the CIA.Kyle is exhibiting delusions of reference.

Question 12

Tia writes love letters every day to George Clooney.Although she has never met this movie star, she believes that he has read all of her letters and that one day this movie star will marry her.Tia is exhibiting an erotomanic delusional disorder.

Question 13

A person who feels trapped in the body of the opposite sex and wishes to have a sex change operation would be diagnosed with a paraphilia.

Question 14

The symptoms of seasonal affective disorder have been successfully treated with exposure to bright lights.

Question 15

The story of Sybil, a woman who had 16 separate personalities, illustrates a split personality, or schizophrenia.

Question 16

The term "nervous breakdown" would come closest to fitting a description of an adjustment disorder.

Question 17

Low intelligence is a risk factor for developing a mental disorder.

Question 18

Women who are exposed to a flu virus or rubella during the middle of pregnancy have children who are more likely to develop schizophrenia.

Question 19

Many self-styled reformers, crank letter writers, conspiracy theorists, and "UFO abductees" suffer from the delusional disorder known as paranoid psychosis.

Question 20

Alex has been under a vague but persistent "cloud" of worry and a constant state of nervousness for nearly a year.Alex most likely is suffering from panic disorder.

Question 21

Psychologists use a system (manual) known as the ____________________ in order to correctly identify mental disorders as major mood disorders, personality disorders, dissociative disorders, and other disorders.
or
or

Question 22

A delusion that is marked by the false belief that one is loved by a famous person would be classified a(n) ____________________ type of delusional disorder.

Question 23

According to Freud, anxiety disorders occur because a person has a faulty self-image.

Question 24

Sarita says that she feels "sick" all the time and has consulted many different doctors regarding her numerous physical complaints.However, no organic cause could be identified for any of these physical complaints.Sarita most likely has a somatization disorder.

Question 25

Joseph has a lack of interest in friends or lovers and experiences very little emotion; thus, he might be described as having a schizoid personality disorder.

Question 26

The legal definition of ____________________ means the inability to manage one's affairs or to be aware of the consequences of one's actions.

Question 27

In Rosenhan's experiment in which he and several colleagues had themselves committed to mental hospitals with a diagnosis of "schizophrenia," the staff at the hospital never recognized these phony patients as "phony," although the real patients did see through their pretense.

Question 28

Asking someone if he or she is thinking of committing suicide is likely to prompt a suicide attempt if the person is truly depressed.

Question 29

According to behaviorists, anxiety disorders result from self-defeating, paradoxical behaviors that begin with avoidance learning.

Question 30

Imaginary sensations, such as seeing, hearing, or smelling things that do not exist in the real world are known as _____________________.

Question 31

The term ____________________ refers to the scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders and to the disorder themselves.

Question 32

_____________________ psychosis is usually reserved for problems involving clear-cut brain injuries or brain diseases.

Question 33

If you met an individual who appeared to be very charming at first, but later you discovered that he or she manipulated people, caused others hurt without a second thought, and could not be depended on, you should suspect this person of having an antisocial personality disorder.

Question 34

______________________ schizophrenia is sometimes called hebephrenic schizophrenia and closely matches the stereotyped images of "madness" seen in movies.

Question 35

Exhibitionism, fetishism, and voyeurism are example of ____________________.

Question 36

The type of schizophrenia that is characterized by mutism, stupor, rigidity, and posturing is called ____________________ schizophrenia.

Question 37

White males 65 years and older are at particular risk for committing suicide.

Question 38

Although doctors can find no physical reason for his symptoms, Emile reports that he is unable to feel anything with any part of his left hand from the wrist to his fingertips.This is an example of an organic psychosis.

Question 39

In judging normality, gender is probably the most common source of bias.

Question 40

Amok, Dhat, Zar, Susto, and Koro are examples of _____________________.
or
or
or
or

Question 41

A psychologist who treats phobic disorders by focusing on the client's distorted patterns of thinking would probably advocate a(n) ____________________ approach to psychological disorders.

Question 42

When her family found her, Sarah was living in Memphis, Tennessee, under the name of Samantha Agnew and working as a sales clerk.Sarah claims that she has no memory of her previous life as a pediatrician in Houston who treated young cancer patients.It appears that Sarah wandered away from her home and work due to stress.She would be diagnosed with a(n) ____________________ disorder.

Question 43

A(n) ____________________ disorder is characterized by the person being mild to moderately depressed most of the time for at least two years with no psychotic episodes and no mania.

Question 44

Psychologist ____________________ illustrated the impact of psychiatric labeling in a study in which he and several colleagues had themselves committed to mental hospitals with a diagnosis of "schizophrenia."
or

Question 45

Those persons having a(n) ____________________ personality disorder are often referred to as sociopaths or psychopaths.

Question 46

Obsessions are to reoccurring thoughts as ____________________ are to ritualistic actions.

Question 47

John views a cough as a sign of pneumonia and a little indigestion as an ulcer.John most likely has the somatoform disorder known as ____________________.

Question 48

Bob served in Iraq and was injured in a roadside bomb incident.Although he has recovered from his physical wounds, he is still having nightmares of this episodes as well as excessive nervousness over a year later.Bob is showing symptoms of ____________________ disorder.
or
or

Question 49

Terri has been sad, despondent, and guilt-ridden for over a year.In addition to this depression, she has also had two episodes of hypomania.Terri would most likely to be diagnosed with ____________________ disorder.

Question 50

According to the ____________________ hypothesis, the powerful reward of immediate relief from anxiety keeps self-defeating avoidance behaviors alive.

Question 51

A person with paranoid ____________________ have very bizarre, unconvincing delusions of persecution and grandeur as well as auditory hallucinations, while a person whose delusions are about experiences that could occur in real life and does not show hallucinations would most likely be diagnosed with paranoid ____________________.
or

Question 52

When a person has a(n) ____________________, he or she has an intense, irrational fear of being observed, evaluated, embarrassed, or humiliated by others in everyday situations.

Question 53

Anthony needs others to constantly praise him for his taste in clothes, his grades, his good looks, and his charming appeal.He often fantasizes that he is the best looking man on campus, that he is the most intellectual scholar, and that he will become a billionaire soon after graduation.He can be categorized as having a(n) ____________________ personality disorder.

Question 54

Major mood disorders are produced from within, that is, they have a(n) ____________________ cause.

Question 55

Susan has gone "blind" even though there is nothing wrong with her eyes.She is suffering from ____________________ disorder.

Question 56

Escape, unbearable psychological pain, frustrated psychological needs, and constriction of options are most characteristic of ____________________.

Question 57

Stress alters the levels of the neurotransmitter _____, which in turn alter the levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, thus providing another explanation for the development of schizophrenia.

Question 58

According to the textbook, the closest match for "nervous breakdown" would be a(n) _____________________ disorder.

Question 59

Research has shown that the right combination of inherited potential and environmental stress may produce mind-altering changes in the brain.These changes may cause psychotic behavior and various forms of psychopathology.This is called the ____________________ model.
or

Question 60

The disorder commonly known as multiple personalities is now referred to as a(n) _____________________ disorder.

Question 61

Your representative in the state assembly is supporting a bill that would cut funding for mental health.Using what you have learned in Chapter 14, convince him or her of the need for better mental health care.

Question 62

Describe the general patterns of suicide rates by gender, ethnicity, age, and marital status.

Question 63

Although both are psychotic disorders, differentiate the symptoms of paranoid psychosis (paranoid delusional disorder) and paranoid schizophrenia.

Question 64

Contrast the psychodynamic, humanistic, existential, behavioral, and cognitive views of anxiety and anxiety disorders.

Question 65

What does the term nervous breakdown mean? Name and describe the disorder that comes closest to the term nervous breakdown.

Question 66

A friend of yours mistakenly thinks that a person with multiple personalities and a person with schizophrenia have the same condition.Explain to your friend why these two conditions are different.

Question 67

A friend of yours mistakenly thinks that an antisocial personality disorder refers to a shy person.Explain to your friend why he or she is wrong.Discuss the true characteristics of an antisocial personality disorder, and explain what personality disorder a "shy person" is more likely to have.

Question 68

A psychoanalyst, a behavioral therapist, and a cognitive therapist are discussing the causes of depression.What is each therapist likely to say is the cause of depression?

Question 69

Describe Rosenhan's pseudo-patient study, and discuss the dangers of psychiatric labeling.

Question 70

Describe the disorders known as Munchausen by proxy and Munchausen syndrome.