Deck 3: Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Noise is background stimulation that interferes with the perception of other stimuli.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Rods are thin,cylindrical receptor cells that are highly sensitive to light.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The range of wavelengths that humans are sensitive to is called the visual scope.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Our senses offer a window to the world.

Question 5

Perception encompasses the processes by which our sense organs receive information from the environment.

Question 6

Cones are thin,cylindrical receptor cells that are highly sensitive to light.

Question 7

Adaptation is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli.

Question 8

Cones are cone-shaped,light-sensitive receptor cells that are responsible for sharp focus and color perception,particularly in bright light.

Question 9

Sensation is the brain's and the sense organs' sorting out,interpretation,analysis,and integration of stimuli.

Question 10

Hearing is the process by which sound waves are translated into understandable and meaningful forms.

Question 11

The difference threshold and the just noticeable difference are the same thing.

Question 12

Rods are cone-shaped,light-sensitive receptor cells that are responsible for sharp focus and color perception,particularly in bright light.

Question 13

Adaptation is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to changing stimuli.

Question 14

Sensation encompasses the processes by which our sense organs receive information from the environment.

Question 15

The middle ear is a tiny chamber containing three bones known as the hammer,the auditory canal,and the oval window.

Question 16

Opponent mechanisms operate both in the retina and the later stages of neural processing.

Question 17

Perception is the brain's and the sense organs' sorting out,interpretation,analysis,and integration of stimuli.

Question 18

A stimulus is any passing source of physical energy that produces a response in a sense organ.

Question 19

Absolute threshold is the largest amount of intensity that must be present in order for an object to appear to the human eye.

Question 20

Weber's law states that a just noticeable difference is a constant proportion of the intensity of an initial stimulus.

Question 21

The ability to view the world in three dimensions and to perceive distance is known as perceptual constancy.

Question 22

A __________ is any passing source of physical energy that produces a response in a sense organ.

A)sensation
B)perception
C)stimulus
D)shock

Question 23

What is pain?

A)A response to a great variety of different kinds of stimuli.
B)The most extensively researched skin sense that is researched.
C)Cell injury that transmits messages to the brain.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 24

The sense of taste differs significantly from one person to another,largely as a result of genetic factors.

Question 25

Stimuli vary in both type and ________.

A)size
B)intensity
C)number
D)perspective

Question 26

Some of the most basic perceptual processes can be described by a series of principles that focus on the ways we organize bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

Question 27

The difference in the images seen by the left eye and the right eye is known as binocular disparity.

Question 28

The issue of how the intensity of a stimulus influences our sensory responses is considered in a branch of psychology known as _______________.

A)absolute threshold
B)psychophysics
C)perception
D)sensation

Question 29

The _______________ is the minimum change in stimulation required to detect the difference between two stimuli.

A)absolute threshold
B)difference threshold
C)constant proportion
D)proportional threshold

Question 30

Results of "sniff tests" have shown that women generally have a better sense of smell than men do.

Question 31

Perceptual constancy is a phenomenon in which physical objects are perceived as unvarying and consistent despite changes in their appearance or in the physical environment.

Question 32

Although many animals have keener abilities to detect odors than we do,the human sense of smell (olfaction)permits us to detect more than 10,000 separate smells.

Question 33

_______________ encompasses the processes by which our sense organs receive information from the environment.

A)Perception
B)Sensation
C)Knowledge
D)Acquired Knowledge

Question 34

Perceptual constancy keeps us from being misled by what we see.

Question 35

___________ is the brain's and the sense organs' sorting out,interpretation,analysis,and integration of stimuli.

A)Perception
B)Sensation
C)Knowledge
D)Acquired Knowledge

Question 36

According to the gate control theory of pain,particular ______ receptors in the spinal cord lead to specific areas of the brain related to pain.

A)nerve
B)branch
C)pain
D)neural

Question 37

The senses of motion and balance reside in the cortex.

Question 38

Select the correct statement:

A)Adaptation is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli.
B)Adaptation is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to changing stimuli
C)Adaptation only occurs at night.
D)Adaptation is sensing and perceiving the world around us.

Question 39

Which law explains why a person in a quiet room is more startled by a knock at the door than a person in a noisy room?

A)The law of opposites
B)Weber's law
C)Absolute threshold law
D)Difference threshold law

Question 40

Visual illusions are physical stimuli that consistently produce errors in perception.

Question 41

_______________ is the movement of air molecules brought about by a source of vibration.

A)Localization
B)Sound
C)Opponent-Process
D)Trichromatic Process

Question 42

Trichromatic mechanisms work within the ______________.

A)retina
B)cortex
C)basal ganglia
D)substantia nigra

Question 43

The optic nerves from each eye meet at a point roughly between the two eyes called the ______________________.

A)optic chiasm
B)fovea
C)rods
D)cones

Question 44

The ___________ is a coiled tube in the ear filled with fluid that vibrates in response to sound.

A)cochlea
B)basilar membrane
C)hair cell
D)eardrum

Question 45

Taste buds wear out and are replaced every ________ days.

A)5
B)10
C)30
D)90

Question 46

The theory that suggests that there are three kinds of cones in the retina,each of which responds primarily to a specific range of wavelengths,is known as the ____________ theory of color vision.

A)trichromatic
B)opponent-process
C)tricortex
D)trinomial

Question 47

There are certain individuals who are unable to distinguish colors.These people suffer from __________________.

A)visual impairment
B)visual differentials
C)color blindness
D)color impairment

Question 48

_______ is background stimulation that interferes with the perception of other stimuli.

A)Noise
B)Perception
C)Sensation
D)Knowledge

Question 49

The sense of smell is sparked when the molecules of a substance enter the nasal passages and meet ___________ cells,the receptor neurons of the nose,which are spread across the nasal cavity.

A)olfactory
B)hair
C)odor
D)gustatory

Question 50

Touch,pressure,temperature,and pain play a critical role in survival.These are known as ______________.

A)olfactory senses
B)gestation senses
C)skin senses
D)hair senses

Question 51

When light energy strikes the rods and cones,it triggers a neural response that moves out of the back of the eyeball and into the brain through a bundle of ganglion axons called the _______________.

A)fovea
B)rods
C)cones
D)optic nerve

Question 52

The _______________ are tiny cells covering the basilar membrane that,when bent by vibrations entering the cochlea,transmit neural passages to the brain.

A)hair cells
B)anvil
C)stirrups
D)hammer

Question 53

Feature detection involves the activation of __________ in the cortex by visual stimuli of specific shapes or patterns.

A)neurons
B)protons
C)electrons
D)neurological entities

Question 54

The theory that suggests that receptor cells are linked in pairs,working in opposition to each other,is known as the _________________ theory of color vision.

A)trichromatic
B)opponent-process
C)tricortex
D)trinomial

Question 55

Where does most processing of visual images take place?

A)Rods
B)Cones
C)Optic chiasm
D)Visual cortex

Question 56

The _____________ is a vibrating structure that runs through the center of the cochlea,dividing it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber and containing sense receptors for sound.

A)hair cell
B)basilar membrane
C)eardrum
D)anvil

Question 57

Opponent mechanisms operate both in the ___________ and the later stages of ________ processing.

A)retina,neural
B)cortex,neural
C)basal ganglia,cortex
D)substantia nigra,cortex

Question 58

The retina consists of a thin layer of nerve cells at the back of the eyeball.There are two kinds of light-sensitive receptor cells in the retina.They are _________ and _________.

A)rods,cones
B)pupil,iris
C)ganglion,bipolar cells
D)cones,fovea

Question 59

Vision starts with light,the physical energy that stimulates the eye.Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation waves which are measured in __________________.

A)scopes
B)wavelengths
C)energy
D)stimuli radius

Question 60

The __________________ of the inner ear consist of three tubes containing fluid that sloshes through them when the head moves,signaling rotational or angular movement to the brain.

A)anvils
B)stirrups
C)semicircular canals
D)hammer

Question 61

Physical stimuli that consistently produce errors in perception are known as __________.

A)visual perception errors
B)depth perception errors
C)visual illusions
D)visual constancy errors

Question 62

If a psychologist is looking at the bits and pieces of information that a patient offers and turns it into a meaningful whole,then which theory is being applied?

A)Freud's stages of development
B)Erickson's stages of development
C)Gestalt laws of organization
D)Stimuli organization

Question 63

The _______________ is the minimum change in stimulation required to detect the difference between two stimuli.

Question 64

___________ law explains why a person in a quiet room is more startled by a knock at the door than a person in a noisy room.

Question 65

The theory that relies on the fact that perception consists of the progression of recognizing and processing information from individual components of a stimuli and moving to the perception of the whole is called _______________________.

A)top-down processing
B)gestalt organization
C)stimuli organization
D)bottom-up processing

Question 66

A ____________ is any passing source of physical energy that produces a response in a sense organ.

Question 67

_____________ is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli.

Question 68

The theory that relies on the fact that perception is guided by higher-level knowledge,experience,expectations,and motivations is called _________________.

A)top-down processing
B)gestalt organization
C)stimuli organization
D)bottom-up processing

Question 69

Vision starts with light,the physical energy that stimulates the eye.Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation waves which are measured in __________________.

Question 70

____________ is the brain's and the sense organs' sorting out,interpretation,analysis,and integration of stimuli.

Question 71

Rays of light are reflected off of objects and first travel through the ___________,a transparent,protective window.

Question 72

If you want to focus on something of particular interest,you will automatically try to center the image on the ___________ to see it more sharply.

Question 73

The issue of how the intensity of a stimulus influences our sensory responses is considered in a branch of psychology known as _______________.

Question 74

The optic nerves from each eye meet at a point roughly between the two eyes called the ______________________.

Question 75

The ability to view the world in three dimensions and to perceive distance is a skill known as _______________.

A)visual perception
B)depth perception
C)visual constancy
D)visual illusion

Question 76

A phenomenon in which physical objects are perceived as unvarying and consistent despite changes in their appearance or in the physical environment is known as _____________.

A)bottom-up processing
B)perceptual constancy
C)top-down processing
D)perceptual stimulation

Question 77

_________ is background stimulation that interferes with the perception of other stimuli.

Question 78

_____________ encompasses the processes by which our sense organs receive information from the environment.

Question 79

When light energy strikes the rods and cones,it triggers a neural response that moves out of the back of the eyeball and into the brain through a bundle of ganglion axons called the _______________.

Question 80

The retina consists of a thin layer of nerve cells at the back of the eyeball.There are two kinds of light-sensitive receptor cells in the retina.They are the rods and ___________.