Deck 10: Sexual Orientation

Question 1

The theme of hidden bisexual orientation is unique to African American males.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Someone can actually be socialized as LGBTQ and can be taught to be gay.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Some bisexuals have same-sex sexual attractions that they may not even be aware of due to strong social taboos.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Klein's early research and newer studies revealed more bisexual orientation in the United States.

Question 5

In the context of LGBTQ attraction or experience,more people experience attraction to the same gender than there are people who actually express their attractions and engage in sexual behavior with the same gender.

Question 6

In cultures defined by gender roles,certain women were socialized into men's roles,and lived as men.

Question 7

Many LGBTQ people believe that large cities are the safest spaces to live.

Question 8

Seeing sexual orientation as a spectrum captures the complexity of many people's attractions and desires,which may change over time and vary in different contexts.

Question 9

Many media outlets are upsetting stereotypes to foster tolerant attitudes about LGBTQ people.

Question 10

An example of compulsory heterosexuality describes the condition of a woman being socially compelled to have sexual relationships with and marry women,regardless of her sexual orientation.

Question 11

Some societies still do not include the category homosexuality in their language or culture.

Question 12

Nonconforming gender behaviors are synonymous with nonconforming sexual behaviors.

Question 13

Compulsory heterosexuality is the norm that holds one marries and has children regardless of ones sexual orientation.

Question 14

Before the Modern LGBTQ Movement,police harassment just for being gay was routine.

Question 15

Being homosexual in Mexican and Hispanic communities is sometimes associated with the cultural pattern of machismo,or being macho.

Question 16

The catalyst that led many in the LGBTQ community to settle in urban cities as opposed to small towns was World War II.

Question 17

Some MSM (men who have sex with men)are prominent leaders in their communities and who speak out against homosexuality.

Question 18

The "T" in LGBTQ stands for transsexual.

Question 19

Based on research in behavioral genetics and the study of genetic influences on sexual orientation,research suggests that people choose their sexual orientation.

Question 20

As a defined by social and political position in society,sexual identity does not require the underlying sexual orientation.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is valid with regard to sexual orientation?

A) Nonconforming gender behaviors typically involve their sexual orientation or sexual behaviors.
B) It is typical for people to be asked as to whether their sexual orientation matches their sexual socialization.
C) One's sexual orientation is determined over a lifetime and is a holistic process.
D) Biology and culture do no play roles in the developmental process of one's sexual orientation.
E) As people mature,they become more ignorant of their desires and romantic attractions.

Question 22

Which of the following is true about the gap between sexual attraction and behavior?

A) It is studied with the aid of the Kinsey scale.
B) It is studied by Fritz Klein in detail.
C) There is no gap between people feeling sexual attractions and acting on them.
D) Men do not necessarily express their attraction in their behavior,whereas women do.
E) It is studied through the dimensions of homosexuality -behavior,desire,and identity.

Question 23

Women who are attracted to other women refer to themselves as _____.

A) heterosexual
B) transgender
C) lesbian
D) straight
E) bisexual

Question 24

In which of the following ways have researchers explained the gap between sexual attraction and behavior?

A) With the help of the Kinsey scale
B) With the help of the Klein scale
C) By considering three distinct time periods: the present,the past,and the ideal,which represents the future.
D) By considering statistics that surround homosexuality as an exclusive adult sexual orientation
E) By comparing the incidences of it in homosexuality against those in heterosexuality.

Question 25

_____ people are attracted to the other sex.

A) Heterosexual
B) Queer
C) Questioning
D) Homosexual
E) Bisexual

Question 26

The phenomenon of actions being repeated frequently enough to be cast into a pattern so that they seem natural is called _____.

A) nonconforming behavior
B) habitualization
C) questioning
D) socialization
E) institutionalization

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true with regard to the Kinsey scale?

A) Kinsey failed to consider the experiences that correspond to neither end of the spectrum.
B) Kinsey ignored males who had experienced an orgasm in a homosexual context at some point growing up,but went on to marry and have children in later life.
C) Kinsey did not evaluate people's desires and orientations over three distinct time periods.
D) Kinsey included questions about community identification in his study.
E) Kinsey included questions to measure sexual fantasies and identities.

Question 28

Which of the following describes a person who does not want to be classified as heterosexual and who may be questioning an attraction to people of the same sex?

A) Transgender
B) LGBTQ
C) Gay
D) Bisexual
E) Queer

Question 29

Even in the United States and Western European countries,where LGBTQ rights are visible and growing,sexual prejudice,suspicion,stigma,and homophobia exist.

Question 30

Generally,all sexual orientations except heterosexuality are regarded as ______,which means they are not consistent with a society's dominant sexual and gender roles,norms,and relationships.

A) bisexual
B) homosexual
C) questioning sexual behaviors
D) nonconforming sexual behaviors
E) transgender behaviors

Question 31

When considering genes as a potential source of sexual orientation,which of the following statements is true?

A) Sexual orientation involves many genes acting together to produce the effect of attraction to one gender or the other.
B) The influence of genes is believed to continue throughout a person's lifetime in some cultures.
C) People choose their sexual orientation.
D) Scientists have been able to establish connections between genes and sexual orientation.
E) Genetic inheritance is sufficient to explain variation of sexual orientation within a family or differences among individuals.

Question 32

When considering genes as a potential source of sexual orientation:

A) the connections between genes and behavioral traits have been scientifically established.
B) genes can produce the effect of attraction to one gender or the other and to express it.
C) genetic inheritance typically occurs in one direction of development in most species.
D) genes create speech centers in the brain and dictate parental love,and the cultural environment that help in expressing sexual attraction.
E) it is assumed that if genes or DNA causes sexual orientation,then the orientation is not present at birth.

Question 33

Which of the following statements best describes bisexuality?

A) Bisexual is an umbrella term for all sexual minorities.
B) Bisexual is not a sexual orientation.
C) All sexual orientations except heterosexuality are regarded as bisexual.
D) People who are attracted to the other sex are known as bisexual.
E) A person who is attracted to men or women or both is known as bisexual.

Question 34

According to the Klein Scale,which of the following statements is accurate?

A) Klein left out questions about community identification.
B) Klein's major finding was that significant individual differences in sexual behavior across entire populations prevailed.
C) The Klein Scale did not include any questions about sexual fantasies.
D) Klein believed that people's desires and orientations are complex and may change over time.
E) Klein's research covered two distinct time periods-the present and the past.

Question 35

_____ is the structure of a person's sexual or romantic attractions to people of the same or other sex or toward both sexes.

A) Habitualization
B) Sexual orientation
C) Sexual morality
D) Fertility
E) Pornography

Question 36

Which of the following observations were made from the Kinsey scale?

A) Pure homosexuals and pure heterosexuals are the rule.
B) Kinsey concluded that human sexual nature allows for a lot of flexibility of sexual expression.
C) An extremely large percentage of the males in the sample were exclusively homosexual.
D) Kinsey's scale revealed that most people tend toward the middle of the spectrum.
E) The human species displays significant similarities in sexuality and the sexual behavior is same across entire populations.

Question 37

When viewing sexual orientation as a spectrum,which of the following statements is correct?

A) Bisexuality exists outside the scope of the spectrum.
B) Research revealed a smaller spectrum of sexual orientation than previously known.
C) Seeing sexual orientation as a spectrum weakens the understanding of the complexity of people's attractions.
D) New research on the spectrum of sexual orientation shows the range as well as its causes and expressions.
E) Seeing sexual orientation as a spectrum captures the fact that it can never be changed or vary with time.

Question 38

The Kinsey scale of sexual orientation:

A) interviews people to measure the spectrum of orientation.
B) states that pure homosexuals and pure heterosexuals are most common.
C) includes questions to measure sexual fantasies and identities.
D) includes questions about community identification.
E) concludes that most people tend toward one end of the spectrum or the other.

Question 39

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has caused the striking down of LGBTQ civil rights and laws.

Question 40

As LGBTQ civil rights increased and provided some new protections,the AIDS epidemic began to recede and people's lives were saved.

Question 41

Which of the following is a possibility under the condition of compulsory heterosexuality?

A) Some individuals experience a shift in their attractions or behaviors long after they have socially adapted to living up to the heterosexual norm.
B) Heterosexual women feel coerced to have sexual relationships with and marry men.
C) Feminists uphold compulsory heterosexuality as a basic tool to control male dominance.
D) Diverse attractions and orientations will disappear in the society.
E) Free expression of sexual individuality among some women,men,and minorities,including LGBTQ people will be encouraged.

Question 42

Which of the following is true about sexual individuality?

A) Sexual socialization does not influence sexual individuality.
B) Families cannot teach norms that influence sexual individuality.
C) The integration of sexual individuality with sexual orientation is vital to sexual well-being.
D) Sexual individuality is inherently present from birth and is not an acquired expression of self.
E) Early experiences of one's body and early feelings about other people's bodies cannot influence the sexual individuality expressed later.

Question 43

The interactive biopsychosocial approach suggests that:

A) the evidence linking male siblings by sexual orientation is much weaker than for females.
B) sexuality is a behavioral and cognitive process that is later reinforced by imprinting experiences.
C) an individual with a biosocial tendency to be attracted to the same sex is likely to pass on the tendency to his or her offspring.
D) starting in early life,biological,psychological,and social factors interact to produce sexual attractions and sexual orientation.
E) the source of sexual orientation is a conscious learning and teaching.

Question 44

Two men,Quinton and Bilal are deeply attracted to each other and they have a sexual relationship.However they are both married to women and have children.This demonstrates:

A) imprinting
B) compulsory heterosexuality
C) increasing incidences of homosexuality
D) habitualization
E) questioning

Question 45

Bianca,a small hamlet in Kormon,follows the practice of letting women live as either men or women,depending on their unique gender identity.Even as a child,one is allowed to choose his or her own gender-defined sexual expressions and to have a same-sex relationship if one wishes.This is an example of cultures which allowed same-sex relationships that are:

A) following compulsory heterosexuality.
B) defined by age difference.
C) ignorant of or do not recognize homosexuality.
D) defined by gender difference.
E) defined by role difference.

Question 46

Which of the following is true of compulsory heterosexuality?

A) For people with diverse attractions and orientations,heterosexuality seems natural.
B) Compulsory heterosexuality may be socially and sexually oppressive to only a minority.
C) Social mandates of compulsory heterosexuality lead individuals to hide,disguise,or otherwise alter their sexual attractions and relationships to conform to society.
D) Compulsory heterosexuality allows those with diverse attractions and orientations to live an open and sexually fulfilled life.
E) Compulsory heterosexuality is the condition of being socially compelled to have sexual relationships with the other gender,be married,and have children,regardless of sexual orientation.

Question 47

Cultures in which relationships were allowed between older married men and younger men in their late teens are identified as:

A) cultures that enforced compulsory heterosexuality.
B) cultures defined by age difference.
C) cultures which do not recognize homosexuality.
D) cultures defined by gender difference.
E) cultures defined by role difference.

Question 48

The theory that suggests that biological,psychological,and social factors work together to produce sexual attractions and feelings,and perhaps sexual orientation is known as the _____.

A) imprinting theory
B) interactive biopsychosocial approach
C) habitualization theory
D) reductionistic perspective
E) causality theory

Question 49

In the context of prenatal sources of sexual orientation,researchers consider which of the following questions?

A) Is the mother's body is able to produce enough female sex hormones to prevent virilization of a female fetus?
B) Does the mother's first born child have a tendency toward homosexuality?
C) Does the size of the mother's brain match the brain size of most homosexual men?
D) Is the mother's body is able to produce enough male sex hormones to start the process of sexual differentiation in the fetal brain?
E) Is there a correlation between the birth order of siblings and the possibility of being homosexual that runs in the family?

Question 50

Which of the following statements is true with regard to imprinting as a potential cause of sexual orientation as John Money would argue?

A) Imprinting appeals to sexual orientation theories as it deals with early sexual experiences.
B) Imprinting is a factor in the sexual development of other mammals' sexual orientation,but its scope is unclear in humans.
C) Imprinting implicitly communicates an infant's sexual feelings to its parents.
D) Imprinting is one of the major behavioral and cognitive mechanisms that can help a newborn reach sexual maturity faster.
E) Imprinting is present in humans but not in other mammals.

Question 51

Dana,who is in high-school,has a secret sexual relationship with Mona from the sorority house.She,however,cannot be overt about her sexual preference,as her religion requires her to marry a man and have children with him.Which of the following phenomena is Dana subduing if she marries a man and cuts off relations with Mona?

A) Heterosexuality
B) Compulsory Heterosexuality
C) Bisexuality
D) Lesbianism
E) Transsexualism

Question 52

Cultures in which males who had same-sex attractions lived as women are identified as:

A) cultures that enforced compulsory heterosexuality.
B) cultures defined by age difference.
C) cultures which do not recognize homosexuality.
D) cultures defined by gender difference.
E) cultures defined by role difference.

Question 53

The condition of being socially compelled to have sexual relationships with the other gender,be married,and have children,regardless of sexual orientation is called _____.

A) heterosexism
B) compulsory heterosexuality
C) lesbian continuum
D) habitualization
E) questioning

Question 54

Which of the following cultures was the most tolerant of same-sex relationships?

A) Cultures that enforced compulsory heterosexuality
B) Cultures defined by age difference
C) Cultures which do not recognize homosexuality
D) Cultures defined by gender difference
E) Cultures defined by role difference

Question 55

The rapid early learning process by which a newborn establishes a behavior pattern of recognition and attraction to another animal of its own kind or to an object identified as the parent is called:

A) imprinting.
B) ethology.
C) evolution.
D) etoecology.
E) phylogeny.

Question 56

Which of the following is a possible outcome of compulsory heterosexuality?

A) Men are socially compelled to have sexual relationships with and marry men,regardless of their sexual orientation.
B) People with diverse attractions and orientations feel fulfilled and conforming to heterosexuality seems natural to them.
C) Compulsory heterosexuality encourages the free expression of sexual individuality among some women,men,and minorities,including LGBTQ people.
D) Certain individuals and groups may hide,disguise,or otherwise alter their sexual attractions and relationships to conform to society.
E) By default,women will have to adopt lesbianism as their preferred mode,even if they are straight by nature.

Question 57

When considering prenatal sources of sexual orientation,researchers conclude that:

A) prenatal androgen hormone circulating in the mother's body causes the tendency of her offspring to be heterosexual.
B) each older brother reduces a younger brother's odds of developing a homosexual orientation.
C) hormonal sources can establish a tendency in sexual orientation development,but it cannot predict that this tendency will be manifest in adulthood.
D) each older brother increases the odds of a consequence of higher levels of male sex hormones in the prenatal environment.
E) twin studies suggest a connection between maternal hormones and a lower chance of being homosexual.

Question 58

Cultures in which same-sex relationships were allowed for males who performed as actors on stage or in certain religious institutions are identified as:

A) cultures that enforced compulsory heterosexuality.
B) cultures defined by age difference.
C) cultures which do not recognize homosexuality.
D) cultures defined by gender difference.
E) cultures defined by role difference.

Question 59

In the context of genes as a potential source of sexual orientation:

A) genes are irrelevant as a possible source or cause of sexual orientation.
B) twin studies show how the combination of genetics and interactive biopsychosocial sources may explain sexual orientation.
C) it is scientifically possible to establish connections between genes and behavioral traits,including sexual orientation.
D) the occurrence of sexual orientation involves one gene which produces the effect of attraction to one gender or the other.
E) timing and maturation of the human body is not necessary for the development of sexual orientation.

Question 60

In Marinas,there is a culture,which requires married men of age 50 or above to conduct boy-inseminating rituals to initiate them sexually.This is an example of cultures which allowed same-sex relationships that are:

A) following compulsory heterosexuality.
B) defined by age difference.
C) ignorant of or do not recognize homosexuality.
D) defined by gender difference.
E) defined by role difference.

Question 61

Psychologist Lisa Diamond's study sexual fluidity of women have provided which of the following conclusions?

A) Women in their 20s and 30s feel strong attractions to other women invariably change their sexual orientation.
B) Female sexual fluidity indicates that women can be attracted to another's gender and anatomy but not personality.
C) Many women who started out as lesbian or bisexual in sexual attraction,sexual behavior,or sexual identity had changed to heterosexuality.
D) Diamond's findings are contradictory to the fact that older lesbians have a fairly high level of prior heterosexual relationships with men.
E) Diamond's evidence points to a trend that may allow for more sexual fluidity in men than in women.

Question 62

Which of the following is a feature of men who have sex with men (MSM)?

A) Men who are married or date women and also have sex with other men.
B) It is common in countries which are supportive of the homosexual identity.
C) It is a practice which usually leads up to compulsory heterosexuality in the society.
D) Men who have sex with men do not have wives or female sexual partners.
E) MSM live socially as homosexuals and rarely marry.

Question 63

Sexual geography refers to:

A) the set of cultures which enforce compulsory heterosexuality.
B) the cities and neighborhoods which allowed relationships between older men and younger men.
C) the cities and neighborhoods which allowed same-sex relationships among stage actors.
D) the set of all cities where the LGBTQ movement originated and was carried out.
E) the cities and neighborhoods to which sexual minorities migrate as safe places to live.

Question 64

Which of the following is possible in the case of bisexuality?

A) They are not restricted by the strong barriers their culture erects against expressing their same-sex sexual attractions feelings.
B) They may live their entire life only living one side of their sexual feelings,heterosexuality.
C) The taboos against expressing their same-sex sexual attractions would not affect them.
D) Marriage,religion,and social values can help bisexuals bypass the barriers against their same-sex sexual attractions.
E) They need not hide their homosexual orientation to avoid severe punishment or ostracism.

Question 65

In the context of homosexuality being illegal throughout the United States,which of the following is true?

A) Police harassment just for being gay was rare.
B) It was illegal to arrest two men or two women dancing together.
C) Two men or two women caught having sex could be imprisoned.
D) Two men or two women holding hands could not lead to arrest.
E) Doctors considered homosexuality normal.

Question 66

In Korabi,members of the place of worship,who are mostly men,conduct a coming of age ceremony for boys and girls at puberty.This involves performance of sexual acts.This is an example of cultures which allowed same-sex relationships that are:

A) following compulsory heterosexuality.
B) defined by age difference.
C) ignorant of or do not recognize homosexuality.
D) defined by gender difference.
E) defined by role difference.

Question 67

In Sunnyvale,the LGBTQ population is very sparse,and what little is there of it,lives only in the two large cities,where there is a diverse,tolerant,and anonymous population.This distribution of sexual minorities is termed as:

A) sexual prejudice.
B) habitualization.
C) sexual geography.
D) interactive biopsychosocial approach.
E) homophobia.

Question 68

Around the 19^th century,which of the following opinions was held about bisexuality?

A) Medical sexologists saw bisexuality as a form of mental and physical disease.
B) Bisexuals were openly accepted as members by the heterosexual community.
C) Bisexuals were openly accepted as members by the homosexual community.
D) Bisexual people did not need to pretend to be either heterosexual,or,pretend to be gay in order to be accepted by homosexuals.
E) Individuals who were bisexual were thought to be emotionally mature and were highly regarded socially and psychologically.

Question 69

Before the modern LGBTQ movement,which of the following practices was part of the society?

A) Electric shock treatment was given to check for an individual's sexual orientation.
B) The clergy considered LGBTQ people as creations of God,like all others.
C) Homosexuals feared that they were physically and mentally diseased.
D) Homosexual people were blackmailed and stood to lose their citizenship.
E) Many homosexual people joined mental hospitals to change their sexual orientation.

Question 70

Janis is a straight female who works in a large company.Several subordinates,male and female,report to her on a daily basis.She feels that it helps her act with better authority and emotional detachment when she dresses in men's clothes.She,therefore,makes this type of dressing a habit,and feels that she gets things done better this way.
Janis can be called a _____.

A) transgender
B) transvestite
C) transsexual
D) transphobic
E) bisexual

Question 71

Lindsay,a woman of age 40,has lived as a heterosexual all her life.She is married,has children,and is now beginning to get attracted to her boss at work,who is a powerful and extremely successful woman.Lindsay,however,does not have sexual fantasies about her co-worker,nor does she wish to express her high opinion to her boss.
This situation is an example of:

A) sexual prejudice.
B) homosexuality.
C) female sexual fluidity
D) bisexuality.
E) questioning.

Question 72

LGBTQ people believe that large cities are the safest spaces to live because:

A) living in distinct neighborhoods or social spaces that are gay-friendly is impractical.
B) they have a diverse,tolerant,and anonymous population.
C) it cannot be pointed out that people with different sexual orientations live in particular cities.
D) the distribution of LGBTQ populations is largely equal.
E) people in the modern times generally hide their sexual orientation and consider themselves alone in the world with same-sex attractions.

Question 73

Someone with an interest in wearing clothing typical of the other gender is called a:

A) transvestite.
B) transgender.
C) bisexual.
D) transsexual.
E) queer.

Question 74

Which of the following phenomena is testimony that culture and gender and sexual expression are changing?

A) Compulsory heterosexuality
B) Female sexual fluidity
C) Heterosexism
D) Transphobia
E) Homophobia

Question 75

A form of sexual expression that is more situation-dependent and perhaps more open to the characteristics of the individual,rather than focusing so much on the anatomy is called _____.

A) sexual awareness
B) sexual promiscuity
C) sexual fluidity
D) transsexualism
E) heterosexism

Question 76

Which of the following is an African American term that refers to a man who hides his sexual orientation?

A) Gay
B) Fag
C) Butch
D) BODL (being on the down low)
E) LGBTQ

Question 77

Which of the following is a possibility in the context of men who have sex with men (MSM)?

A) MSM may speak out against homosexuality while carrying on secret sexual relationships with male lovers.
B) MSM openly identify as gay or homosexual or LGBTQ.
C) Heterosexuals in some cultures or communities may refer to themselves as being MSM.
D) MSM are heterosexuals,but they live socially as homosexuals and never marry.
E) MSM are transvestites who do not have same-sex attractions.

Question 78

Being on the down low is a condition which occurs when:

A) conditions of compulsory heterosexuality are removed from a society.
B) African American clergy act supportively toward homosexuality among their church members.
C) there is a history of oppression,racial segregation,and sexual exploitation.
D) the clergy are secretly heterosexuals who are married with children and openly have sexual relationships with other males.
E) pastors,deacons,or choir members,who are themselves openly gay support homosexuality among their church members.

Question 79

Attraction to another person and not to that person's gender is known as:

A) homosexuality.
B) bisexuality.
C) position-based attraction.
D) person-based attraction.
E) sexual attraction.

Question 80

Female sexual fluidity is:

A) a form of bisexuality in men.
B) a variation of sexual orientation in which men have sex with men.
C) a legal avenue for men to have multiple wives or girlfriends.
D) a legal avenue for women to serve as sex workers.
E) a form of sexual plasticity among women.