Deck 1: The Study of Human Sexuality

Question 1

When people are comfortable talking about sex and actual sexual relations,they use more risky behavior when having sex.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The biological and evolutionary perspectives on sexuality contradict each other.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Purpose in life weakens our belief in love and romantic relationships.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

PAR is a way to build and strengthen sexual well-being in communities by increasing people's understandings of each other's sexual lives.

Question 5

Human sexual rights violations can destroy sexual well-being,and possibly life itself.

Question 6

The study of sexuality involves biological,social,psychological,and health sciences.

Question 7

Sex research cuts across several scientific and social scientific disciplines.

Question 8

Qualitative research methods focus on gathering numeric information or nonnumeric information that is easily encoded into a numeric form.

Question 9

In the beginning,sexology was all about the study of sexual diversity.

Question 10

Masters and Johnson's research proved that the only real orgasm for women is in the vagina.

Question 11

At present,oral and anal sexual practices vary considerably between Whites,African Americans,and Hispanics.

Question 12

Freud treated sex as a fundamental part of human nature and not as an underlying mental disorder.

Question 13

In the context of direct observation,reliability of data decreases with more representative samples.

Question 14

The main advantage of case study research in sexuality is that it is easy to generalize the results to a large population.

Question 15

One cannot become sexually literate without having sex.

Question 16

Sexuality has an impact on both our physical and emotional state.

Question 17

Experimental studies prevent researchers from drawing conclusions about cause and effect relationships among the variables of interest.

Question 18

In the context of quantitative research,independent variable is the variable that is measured.

Question 19

Internet questionnaires are losing its popularity in sex research as it is relatively very expensive.

Question 20

One of the disadvantages of face-to-face interviews is that they demand for a significant time investment.

Question 21

In the context of present day sexual science,which of the following is true?

A) It looks at the positive aspects of sexuality.
B) It treats sexuality like a disease.
C) It negatively influences the values of the age.
D) It strictly disapproves of contraception.
E) It considers homosexual relations to be abnormal.

Question 22

As you develop your sexual literacy you are most likely to:

A) have a positive attitude toward sexual chauvinism.
B) enhance your own holistic sexuality.
C) consider your sexual culture to be the best.
D) realize that sexual well-being is a physical state and not a mental state.
E) develop a negative attitude toward the gay and lesbian population.

Question 23

A person who practices bestiality is most likely to be sexually attracted only to:

A) dead bodies.
B) animals.
C) same-sex individuals.
D) his/her mother.
E) children.

Question 24

To be sexually literate means:

A) believing in the superiority of your sexual culture.
B) being able to repress your sexual urges.
C) understanding that sex is for procreation and not pleasure.
D) being able to talk freely about your sexual feelings.
E) understanding that sexual diversity is detrimental to the society.

Question 25

In the context of sexual literacy,which of the following is true?

A) Sexual well-being is entirely a physical state and does not affect mental health.
B) As you develop your sexual literacy you are most likely to enhance your sexual chauvinism.
C) It is not possible to become sexually literate without indulging in the act of having sex.
D) The understanding that sexual diversity is detrimental to the society contributes to holistic sexuality.
E) Learning to integrate sexuality into everyday life helps to break down some stereotypes about sexuality.

Question 26

Freud treated sex as a(n):

A) indicator of a happy marriage.
B) underlying symptom of mental disorder.
C) measure of social progress.
D) pleasurable activity that improves one's health.
E) healthy practice that contributes toward holistic sexuality.

Question 27

Freud believed that:

A) sexuality motivated all other behaviors,including all mental distress.
B) homosexual relations were healthy and should be encouraged.
C) sexual chauvinism helped people to come to terms with their identity.
D) the unconscious mind should be repressed so as to control ones abnormal sexual urges.
E) sex could cure all forms of mental disorders.

Question 28

Who was the first person to use surveys to study sexual behavior in groups of people?

A) Richard von Krafft-Ebing
B) Magnus Hirschfeld
C) Havelock Ellis
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Carl Jung

Question 29

Which of the following contributes toward holistic sexuality?

A) Practicing sexual chauvinism
B) Having healthy relationships
C) Understanding that sexual diversity is detrimental to the society
D) Practicing cultural chauvinism
E) Controlling homosexual tendencies

Question 30

In the context of holistic sexuality,focus means:

A) supporting ideas of sexual chauvinism.
B) accepting that one's sexual culture is superior to other cultures.
C) being present and fully alert to what one feels sexually.
D) excluding pleasure from sexual encounters.
E) rejecting homosexual relationships and promoting heterosexual relationships.

Question 31

_____ has been defined as the knowledge and skills needed to promote and protect sexual well-being.

A) Sexual chauvinism
B) Cultural chauvinism
C) Sexual literacy
D) Holistic sexuality
E) Ontogeny

Question 32

Which of the following is a belief held by doctors in the early part of the nineteenth century?

A) People's earliest sexual fantasies revolved around a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent.
B) Masturbation is a sexual disease that could lead to death.
C) Scientific study of sexuality could improve people's sexual health.
D) They believed that female sexuality should be directed toward sexual pleasure.
E) They considered homosexual relationships to be normal.

Question 33

In the context of the 19^th century discipline,Sexology,which of the following is true?

A) It focused on the positive aspects of sexuality.
B) It encouraged people to indulge in recreational sex.
C) It encouraged premarital sex to promote sexual literacy.
D) It treated sexuality like a disease.
E) It focused mainly on sexual health.

Question 34

_____ is the general idea that change occurs in all life forms over time by the process of one generation of species passing inherited characteristics on to the next.

A) Epidemiology
B) Retrospective bias
C) Evolution
D) Sexology
E) Neuroculture

Question 35

Sexuality research was built on a new approach to science in the late 1800s.It differed from earlier studies in that it:

A) used scientific investigation to explain reality.
B) used religious faith to promote its studies among the masses.
C) treated sexuality like a disease.
D) focused on the negative aspects of sex.
E) focused on understanding sexual behavior through magic.

Question 36

The term fetishism,coined by Richard von Krafft-Ebing describes the sexual attraction that some people have toward:

A) physical objects.
B) dead bodies.
C) same-sex individuals.
D) the opposite sex.
E) animals.

Question 37

Richard von Krafft-Ebing referred to all sexual symptoms that he considered to be abnormal as:

A) necrophilia.
B) fetishes.
C) heresies.
D) perversions.
E) bestiality.

Question 38

Russell is sexually attracted only to dead bodies and engages in sexual intercourse with corpses.Based on the given information,we can say that Russell is a(n):

A) homosexual.
B) pedophiliac.
C) necrophiliac.
D) hemophiliac.
E) autoandrophiliac.

Question 39

When people are comfortable talking about sex and actual sexual relations,they are most likely to:

A) give into sexual aggression.
B) indulge in unprotected sex.
C) be respectful of sexual diversity.
D) indulge in more risky behavior when having sex.
E) support sexual chauvinism.

Question 40

People who know their bodies and accept their feelings,including pleasure,generally:

A) become victims of date rape.
B) protect themselves better.
C) support sexual chauvinism.
D) indulge in unprotected sex
E) are prone to mental disorders.

Question 41

What was Kinsey's view regarding bisexuality?

A) He considered bisexuality to be normal.
B) He considered bisexuality to be a type of perversion.
C) He considered bisexuality to be the result of repressed fantasies.
D) He considered bisexuality to be a curable disease.
E) He considered bisexuality to be the result of chromosomal defect.

Question 42

Mary Calderone and Wardell Pomeroy founded SIECUS,a group that:

A) abolished sex preselection tests.
B) pioneered teen sex education.
C) revolted against the use of contraception.
D) pioneered psychoanalytic tests.
E) revolted against legalization of gay marriages.

Question 43

Which of the following is a major drawback of Freud's methodology?

A) He observed only adults,not children.
B) He observed only women and not men.
C) He observed only homosexuals.
D) He observed only necrophiliacs.
E) He observed only sexual chauvinists.

Question 44

Which of the following research methods did the Masters and Johnson team primarily use for conducting their studies on human sexual behavior?

A) They implemented participant-observation techniques that examined human behavior in its own cultural context.
B) They implemented a treatment approach that primarily focused on the unconscious mind and "talking therapy".
C) They implemented a treatment approach that primarily focused on differentiating normal and abnormal behavior in sexuality.
D) They implemented a laboratory method for the study of orgasm and sexual functioning.
E) They implemented the scientific survey study,using a questionnaire to reveal the sexual attitudes of a large number of people.

Question 45

Freud's emphasis on childhood primarily led to the strong bias to think that:

A) sexual development needs to be monitored in abnormal children.
B) sexual development starts only after childhood.
C) sexual development is abnormal in children.
D) sexual development ceases after childhood.
E) sexual development starts at adolescence.

Question 46

Who was the first woman doctor to promote contraceptives in the U.S?

A) Margaret Mead
B) Jane Ellen Brody
C) Mary Calderone
D) Simone de Beauvoir
E) Charlotte Bunch

Question 47

Bronislaw Malinowski,a physicist,had invented the method of field-work in which he used:

A) participant-observation techniques that examined human behavior in its own cultural and linguistic context.
B) participant-observation techniques that examined human behavior in laboratories.
C) participant-observation techniques that examined human behavior in a set up similar to their own cultural and linguistic context.
D) a treatment approach that primarily focused on the unconscious mind and "talking therapy".
E) a treatment approach that primarily focused on differentiating normal and abnormal behavior in sexuality.

Question 48

What was the primary difference between the methodology used by Freud and that used by 20^th century sex researchers?

A) The 20^th century sex researchers saw sex as a disease to be treated.
B) The 20^th century sex researchers observed their patients only in laboratories.
C) The 20^th century sex researchers saw sex as a measure of social progress.
D) The 20^th century sex researchers believed that sexual development ceases after childhood.
E) The 20^th century sex researchers believed that sexual development started only after childhood.

Question 49

Biological bisexuality refers to the idea that people can be naturally attracted to:

A) physical objects,such as boots.
B) many people of the opposite sex.
C) certain species of animals.
D) human appendages like feet.
E) members of both sexes.

Question 50

Which of the following is one of the important findings of the study conducted by Kinsey,Wardell Pomeroy,and sociologist Clyde Martin in 1937?

A) In the U.S. ,females did not masturbate.
B) In the U.S. ,females had homosexual relations.
C) In the U.S. ,most men did not engage in premarital sex.
D) In the U.S. ,sexual chauvinism was most prominent.
E) In the U.S. ,men were dominated by women.

Question 51

As the influence of physicians and clinicians declined and social and behavioral scientists began to study sexuality in the 20^th century,more and more people:

A) supported the idea that all sex was a symptom of mental disorder.
B) supported the idea that sex should only be seen as a means of procreation.
C) supported the idea that sexual urges needed to be cured.
D) rejected the idea that sex can be a recreational activity.
E) rejected the idea that sex was an expression of sin.

Question 52

Which of the following is one of the major ideas supported by the progressive sex researchers of the 20^th century?

A) They believed that sex was a disease and should be treated like any other ailment.
B) They believed that homosexual relations were a cause of repressed childhood fantasies.
C) They believed that marriage should be based on love between equals,not on power or arranged marriages.
D) They believed that in the case of human beings,sexual development takes place only childhood and ceases after that.
E) They believed that in the case of human beings,sexual development started only after childhood.

Question 53

As described by Freud,what are erogenous zones?

A) They are major areas of the body that are highly sensitive to sexual stimulation.
B) They are major areas of the body that are sexually inactive in children.
C) They are major glands of the body that produces testosterones.
D) They are major glands of the body that produces prolactins.
E) They are major glands of the body that produces estrogens.

Question 54

Which of the following is one of the important ideas that Margaret Mead had put forth in her book Coming of Age in Samoa?

A) She held that biology was more important than culture in the development of sexual behavior.
B) She held the notion that both culture and biology contribute to sexual well-being.
C) She held that sexuality was a disease that needed to be treated like any other ailment.
D) She held that homosexual relations were a cause of repressed childhood fantasies.
E) She held that the tribal people were comparatively more likely to develop homosexual tendencies.

Question 55

Kinsey studied the actual behaviors of large populations of normal people,including for the first time women,ethnic minorities,and homosexuals.His findings:

A) further strengthened his belief in traditional thinking about normal versus abnormal sexual behavior.
B) convinced him that there was a huge natural variation in sexuality in human populations,and that bisexuality was normal.
C) convinced him that abnormal patients should be treated on a one-to-one basis so that their unconscious desires could be brought forth.
D) further strengthened his belief that sex was a disease and needed to be cured like any other ailment.
E) strengthened his belief that the unconscious mind should be repressed so as to control one's abnormal sexual urges.

Question 56

The study of the unconscious that focuses on the mind and "talking therapy" is referred to as:

A) epidemiology.
B) etymology.
C) biostatistics.
D) psychoanalysis.
E) angelology.

Question 57

Jamie and Veronica have been in a relationship for four years.Both Jamie and his girlfriend enjoy a very passionate and satisfactory sexual life.Jamie has sexual intercourse with Bob,Veronica's ex-boyfriend.He finds it to be equally pleasurable and satisfactory.On the basis of the given information,it would be most appropriate to say that Jamie is:

A) a pedophiliac.
B) a necrophiliac.
C) a gerontophiliac.
D) a bisexual.
E) heterosexual.

Question 58

Which of the following is one of the positive contributions of Freud in the field of sex research?

A) He coined the term fetishism to describe people's sexual attraction to physical objects.
B) He stated that sexual development starts only after childhood.
C) He discovered that men had a refractory period after ejaculation.
D) He developed a technique to help couples deal with sexual dysfunctions.
E) He recognized that the body has erogenous zones.

Question 59

Which of the following was the major flaw in the studies conducted by Kinsey on human sexual behavior?

A) The studies generally excluded women.
B) The studies generally exclude bisexuals.
C) The studies included only children and not adults.
D) The studies generally ignored ethnic diversity.
E) The studies included only people with sexual dysfunctions.

Question 60

Margaret Mead,a cultural anthropologist and feminist helped to pioneer field work studies of:

A) homosexual relationships among the tribal cultures of Australia.
B) childhood and adolescent sexual development in various cultures.
C) adolescent sexual development and problems in the U.S.
D) sexual chauvinism present in different cultures of the world.
E) sexual perverts like necrophiliacs in tribal cultures of Africa.

Question 61

In the context of sexual research,which of the following is an ethical practice?

A) Protecting the people who participate in sex research
B) Leaving out ethnic minorities from studies of sexual behavior
C) Keeping out homosexuals from studies of sexual behavior
D) Rejecting the research results that go against religious beliefs
E) Concealing the contents of the research from the participants

Question 62

Which of the following is an advantage primarily associated with quantitative research?

A) It is designed to ensure objectivity.
B) It is designed to accurately collect qualitative data.
C) It eliminates the need to use independent variables.
D) It is best suited for collecting non-numeric data.
E) It prevents the generalization of results.

Question 63

Toward the end of the 20th century,it was noticed that the percentage of the general population that engage in oral and anal sex:

A) was lowest among White women.
B) was lowest among White men.
C) was highest among African Americans.
D) remained constant throughout.
E) continued to increase.

Question 64

Which of the following is one of the primary recommendations made in Surgeon General's Report?

A) To conduct researches to prove the theory that sexuality was influenced by nature
B) To promote the churches' belief that one should indulge in sex for procreation only
C) To discourage people from indulging in homosexual relationships
D) To implement and strengthen interventions that can help prevent HIV/AIDS
E) To prevent the media from telecasting programs with sexual content

Question 65

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a qualitative research?

A) It mainly involves the collection of quantitative information.
B) It is primarily designed to ensure objectivity.
C) It mainly involves the collection of nonnumeric information.
D) It does not leave any scope for the occurrence of personal bias.
E) It is designed for data that can be encoded into a numeric form.

Question 66

Which of the following is an important discovery of the studies on human sexual behavior conducted by Masters and Johnson?

A) During sexual intercourse,men ejaculate during the refractory phase.
B) The only real orgasm for women is in the vagina.
C) Women have ten prominent erogenous zones.
D) Women generally could have multiple orgasms.
E) Women produce eggs throughout their life.

Question 67

_____ is the extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure.

A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Efficiency
D) Accountability
E) Generalizability

Question 68

The National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS)differed from the study conducted by Kinsey in that:

A) it included only homosexuals and bisexuals.
B) it included representatives from diverse ethnic groups.
C) it included only women.
D) it included only heterosexual couples.
E) it included children as well as adolescents.

Question 69

_____ refers to the extent to which a measure,procedure,or instrument yields the same result on repeated trials.

A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Efficiency
D) Accountability
E) Generalizability

Question 70

In the context of research,an independent variable is best defined as:

A) the variable measured in a research whose value remains fixed.
B) the primary variable that relates the dependent variable to the experimental value.
C) the variable that is manipulated to test its affect on the dependent variable.
D) the value that most accurately generalizes research findings and conclusions.
E) the value that measures the reliability of a particular procedure.

Question 71

By mid-20^th century,many of the 19^th century views regarding human sexuality had changed.Which of the following is one of the popular views of the 20^th century?

A) Sexuality was influenced more by society.
B) Sexuality was influenced more by biology.
C) Culture had no influence over a person's sexuality.
D) Sexuality was influenced more by nature.
E) Religion had no influence over a person's sexuality.

Question 72

In the 1980s,notion of positive sexuality was primarily challenged by:

A) the increasing momentum of the women emancipation movement.
B) the acquired immune deficiency syndrome pandemic.
C) the findings of the research undertaken by Masters and Johnson.
D) the increasing momentum of the gay rights movement.
E) the protests made by the Planned Parenthood organization.

Question 73

_____ means the extent to which research findings and conclusions from a study conducted on a sample population can be applied to the population at large.

A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Efficiency
D) Accountability
E) Generalizability

Question 74

In the technique developed by Masters and Johnson to help couples deal with sexual dysfunctions,they primarily focused on:

A) encouraging people to repress their sexual fantasies.
B) making people more comfortable with sex.
C) making people aware of sexual chauvinism.
D) bringing people closer to the unconscious mind.
E) encouraging people to remain heterosexual.

Question 75

The primary difference between quantitative and qualitative data is that the latter:

A) is specifically designed to ensure objectivity.
B) deals only with non-numeric data.
C) ensures that there is no personal bias.
D) is concerned with studying how one variable impacts another.
E) uses variables to determine if changes to one thing result in change to another.

Question 76

Quantitative research methods primarily focus on:

A) collection of qualitative data.
B) ethnographic research.
C) collection of numeric information.
D) the use of non-human agencies.
E) the subjective study of a matter.

Question 77

Which of the following is the major criticism against Masters and Johnson studies?

A) Their subjects mainly consisted of perverts such as homosexuals and failed to account for the heterosexual population.
B) Their studies generally ignored ethnic diversity and did not consider that culture had a major influence on sexual life.
C) Their subjects were heterosexuals and they generally ignored homosexuals and bisexuals.
D) Most of their subjects were men and this made the study a lopsided one that ignored one half of the population.
E) Most of their subjects were aware that they were being watched and changed how they engaged in sex.

Question 78

The difference between dependant variables and independent variables is that:

A) the value of independent variables can be manipulated.
B) the independent variable is the value that is measured.
C) the dependant variable is relation between the stable and unstable variable.
D) the independent variable remains constant.
E) the dependant variable has a numeric value.

Question 79

The Masters and Johnson team differed from other sex researchers who came before them in that:

A) they believed that only observed sexual behavior in the laboratory behind a two-way mirror was scientifically accurate.
B) they showed that biology was more important than culture in the development of sexual behavior.
C) they used a treatment approach that focused on the unconscious mind and "talking therapy".
D) they believed that using participant-observation techniques that examine human behavior in its own cultural context was scientifically accurate.
E) they treated sex as a symptom of an underlying mental disorder that needed to be treated.

Question 80

The survey,known as the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLH),uncovered some very surprising things about how sexuality had changed since Kinsey's work.One of these discoveries was that:

A) oral sex was found to be a lot less common than reported by Kinsey.
B) occurrence of bisexuality has remained constant since the time of Kinsey.
C) anal sex was found to be a lot less common than reported by Kinsey.
D) use of contraceptive measures has reduced since the time of Kinsey.
E) homosexuality occurs less frequently in the population than reported by Kinsey.