Deck 2: Kinematic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion

Question 1

Which of the following limb movements occur during "jumping jacks"?

A) flexion and abduction
B) extension and adduction
C) flexion and extension
D) adduction and abduction

Answer 1

adduction and abduction

Question 2

Which of the following categories of motion is mutually exclusive with each of the others?

A) translational motion
B) rectilinear motion
C) curvilinear motion
D) rotational motion

Answer 2

rotational motion

Question 3

In which of the following planes does a forward roll occur?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) oblique

Answer 3

sagittal

Question 4

Movements in the transverse plane occur around which axis?

A) mediolateral
B) anteroposterior
C) longitudinal
D) horizontal

Question 5

Elbow extension takes place in what plane?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) longitudinal

Question 6

A dancer performs a pirouette in which plane?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) longitudinal

Question 7

Abduction occurs in which plane?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) it depends on the action being performed

Question 8

Nodding the head "yes" occurs in which plane?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) oblique

Question 9

Which of the following are transverse plane movements at the shoulder?

A) horizontal abduction
B) medial rotation
C) both A and B above
D) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false?

A) the hip is distal to the knee
B) the shoulder is superior to the hip
C) superficial muscles are closer to the skin than deep muscles
D) the triceps are posterior to the biceps

Question 11

Which of the following motions occurs primarily in the sagittal plane?

A) running
B) a cartwheel
C) a pirouette
D) all of the above

Question 12

During the preparatory phase for an underhand softball pitch, the hand holding the ball is drawn behind the body prior to the forward swing of the arm. When the hand is drawn behind the body, which of the following movements occurs at the shoulder?

A) flexion
B) extension
C) hyperextension
D) circumduction

Question 13

The cardinal frontal plane divides the body into equal _____.

A) right and left halves.
B) front and back halves.
C) top and bottom halves.
D) medial and lateral halves.

Question 14

Abduction takes place around which axis?

A) anteroposterior
B) mediolateral
C) longitudinal
D) horizontal

Question 15

Primarily in which plane does the swinging of a baseball bat occur?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) obtuse

Question 16

Which of the following terms best describes translational motion along a curved line?

A) rectilinear
B) curvilinear
C) rotational
D) general

Question 17

Most human movement falls into which category?

A) rectilinear
B) curvilinear
C) angular or rotational
D) general

Question 18

Which of the following is not an example of a sagittal plane movement?

A) flexion
B) hyperextension
C) lateral flexion
D) plantar flexion

Question 19

Which imaginary cardinal plane bisects the body into right and left halves?

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) none of the above

Question 20

Which of the following motions occurs primarily in the frontal plane?

A) running
B) cartwheel
C) pirouette
D) all of the above

Question 21

Which of the following terms would accurately describe the biceps muscle?

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) medial
D) lateral

Question 22

Which of the following terms means "farther from the head"?

A) distal
B) proximal
C) superior
D) inferior

Question 23

Which of the following is true regarding circumduction?

A) combines flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction
B) synonymous with rotation
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is true regarding horizontal adduction?

A) also called horizontal flexion
B) occurs in the transverse plane
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 25

Which of the following could be defined by a movement analyst as a mechanical system?

A) entire human body
B) right arm
C) projected ball
D) all of the above

Question 26

In anatomical position what is the position of the elbow?

A) 180°
B) 0°
C) need more information
D) none of the above

Question 27

Which view is best for observing normal human gait?

A) side view
B) front view
C) back view
D) does not matter

Question 28

Which of the following is a linear movement in the frontal plane?

A) shoulder adduction
B) shoulder girdle elevation
C) shoulder flexion
D) both A & B

Question 29

Which is true about the Cartesian coordinate system?

A) It is a special reference system used by biomechanists.
B) It can be used to describe two-dimensional or three-dimensional motion.
C) both A & B
D) none of the above

Question 30

In anatomical position, what term describes the radius relative to the ulna?

A) medial
B) lateral
C) posterior
D) anterior

Question 31

Which of the following is/are true regarding anatomical reference position?

A) palms face forward
B) erect posture
C) starting position for describing motion
D) all of the above

Question 32

Which of the following units is unique to three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate systems (i.e. do not exist in 2-D systems)?

A) x
B) y
C) z
D) all of the above are unique to 3-D systems

Question 33

What term is used to describe the motion of bringing the foot closer to the lower leg?

A) flexion
B) extension
C) dorsiflexion
D) plantar flexion

Question 34

Which of the following is/are examples of superficial muscle(s)?

A) biceps
B) triceps
C) gastrocnemius
D) all of the above

Question 35

Shaking the head "no" involves which of the following movements?

A) lateral and medial rotation
B) left and right rotation
C) internal and external rotation
D) all of the above are correct

Question 36

In two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate systems, what unit is used for the vertical axis?

A) x
B) y
C) z
D) any of the above can describe the vertical axis

Question 37

In anatomical position, the forearm is in what position?

A) pronated
B) supinated
C) flexed
D) abducted

Question 38

Internal rotation is synonymous with which of the following?

A) medial rotation
B) lateral rotation
C) external rotation
D) none of the above

Question 39

Foot pronation occurs at which joint?

A) ankle
B) subtalar
C) both A & B
D) pronation does not occur in the foot

Question 40

Which of the following describes the knee joint relative to the ankle joint?

A) distal
B) proximal
C) medial
D) lateral

Question 41

Describe the steps that should be taken when planning a qualitative analysis.

Question 42

Ventral is a synonym for ____________________, which means toward the front of the body.

Question 43

Translation is synonymous with general motion.

Question 44

The word __________________ refers to a description of quality without the use of numbers.

Question 45

Translation is a synonym for __________________ motion.

Question 46

Name two ways an analyst can increase his/her knowledge about the mechanics of a motor skill and describe the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Question 47

To supplement visual observations, the analyst can often use non-visual information. Describe two examples of auditory information that could be used during a qualitative analysis.

Question 48

The __________________ axis is the imaginary line around which sagittal plane motion occurs.

Question 49

The center of mass is located at the intersection of the three cardinal planes.

Question 50

What are the two main sources of information for the analyst diagnosing a motor skill?

Question 51

In anatomical position, the radius is medial to the ulna.

Question 52

Sagittal view is the same as side view.

Question 53

Researchers only perform quantitative analyses and practitioners only perform qualitative analyses.

Question 54

Describe three different tools used to collect and analyze kinematic data and provide the strengths and weaknesses of each tool. Include both high tech and low tech examples.

Question 55

__________________ describes motion along a straight line, whereas __________________ describes motion along a curved line.