Deck 10: Motivation and Safety Management Systems

Question 1

According to the reinforcement theory of safety,what do organizations need to do to improve poor safety behaviour?

A)tailor rewards to workers' preferences
B)set specific and difficult goals
C)link behaviour to consequences
D)provide lots of feedback to workers

Answer 1

link behaviour to consequences

Question 2

Which type of extrinsic motivation from his supervisor prompts Chad to always wear his safety glasses at work?

A)amotivation
B)autonomous motivation
C)behaviour-based motivation
D)controlled motivation

Answer 2

controlled motivation

Question 3

When planning behaviour-based safety programs that include incentives,what do planners need to ensure?

A)that feedback is not used as an incentive
B)that incentives are used in place of employee training
C)that incentive programs manipulate employees' behaviour
D)that incentives are tied to behaviours under individual control

Answer 3

that incentives are tied to behaviours under individual control

Question 4

What theory explains how we can motivate safe behaviour by recognizing that people are motivated by different things?

A)reinforcement theory
B)goal-setting theory
C)self-determination theory
D)transformational leadership theory

Question 5

What goal-setting technique explained why a larger proportion of one group of university staff members attended a health and safety training session,compared to the lower attendance seen in a second group of staff members?

A)They were given a more difficult goal.
B)They were given a more specific goal.
C)They were more committed to the goal.
D)They received more feedback about their progress.

Question 6

What are the three types of health and safety program interventions?

A)engineering, psychological, and cultural
B)behavioural, administrative, and physical
C)engineering, administrative, and behavioural
D)psychological, behavioural, and physical

Question 7

How can HRMs best ensure that employees utilize the knowledge and skills gained during training and consistently perform their work duties in a safe manner?

A)by installing surveillance cameras
B)by providing rewards for reporting unsafe behaviour
C)by building a safety culture and safety leadership
D)by rewarding reductions in incidents and injuries

Question 8

Eli is an entrepreneur who turned a small contracting company into a substantial property development operation.As his company has grown,he has realized safety needs to be integrated into all areas of company operations using interactive set of organizational approaches and programs.He is working with his management team and employees to develop and implement such a program.Which of the following are they implementing?

A)an occupational health and safety management system
B)a positive safety climate
C)a company-wide OH&S policy
D)an active safety leadership program

Question 9

Which of the following represents an administrative intervention for improving occupational health and safety?

A)job rotation
B)skills training
C)workstation redesign
D)OH&S information campaigns

Question 10

What is the basic model underlying most applications of behavioural programming in the workplace?

A)respectful workplaces
B)trigger → consequence→ behaviour
C)antecedent → behaviour → consequence
D)antecedent → results→ behaviour

Question 11

Setting and communicating high expectations for safe performance of work tasks is associated with what dimension of transformational leadership?

A)idealized influence
B)inspirational motivation
C)intellectual stimulation
D)individualized consideration

Question 12

According to the textbook,which employees should be eligible for safety incentives?

A)employees who have a perfect safety record
B)employees who have none or just a few minor safety issues
C)just employees working in production/operations jobs
D)all employees

Question 13

Which of the following describes the consequences of safe behaviour as encouraged by behaviour-based safety programs?

A)positive, delayed, and contingent
B)positive, immediate, and certain
C)positive, immediate, and uncertain
D)negative, immediate, and certain

Question 14

A group of friends are studying for a safety certification.They have each made a goal to help keep them on track.All else equal,who is most likely to achieve his goal?

A)Joe plans to study three hours/day, six days a week
B)Zheng plans to study as often as he can during the week
C)Andy plans to review the chapters and revise his notes for an hour on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and check in with an online practice quiz once a week
D)Dimitri plans to review the chapters and revise his notes for an hour on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays

Question 15

The tire plant where Tony works has explicitly enacted policies on safety,encourages safety-related training,and promotes safety.Which of the following does this plant have?

A)a strong safety climate
B)an excellent safety record
C)a behaviour-based approach
D)a lot of resources

Question 16

According to goal-setting theory,effective goal-setting includes goals that have which of the following characteristics?

A)specific, achievable, moderately difficult, and committable
B)specific, achievable, difficult, committable, and require feedback
C)broad, achievable, difficult, committable, and require feedback
D)specific, achievable, difficult

Question 17

Transformational leaders show a substantial degree of concern for the well-being of their employees.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics exhibited by transformational leaders?

A)intellectual stimulation
B)individualized consideration
C)insightful approximation
D)inspirational motivation

Question 18

What equation defines safety performance?

A)Safety performance = Ability × Motivation × Opportunity
B)Safety performance = Ability + Motivation + Opportunity
C)Safety performance = Skill + Knowledge + Ability
D)Safety performance = Skill × Knowledge × Ability

Question 19

According to self-determination theory,what forms of extrinsic motivation result in more of a self-directed effort to work in safer ways?

A)external and introjected
B)introjected and identified
C)identified and integrated
D)integrated and external

Question 20

Which of the following is a dimension for characterizing behavioural consequences?

A)immediate or delayed
B)short-term or long-term
C)limited or extensive
D)compliance or performance

Question 21

List the eight general categories of behaviours that contribute to safe working performance.Share an example of a training program that targets one of the behaviours.

Question 22

Goal-setting interventions focus on the power of internal rewards and punishment in the motivation of behaviour.

Question 23

Oil drilling companies tend to be very safety conscious because of the hazardous nature of the work.However,given that engineering interventions are not always possible in this type of work,what would be the next best way of protecting oil rig workers?

A)keeping the drilling rig as clean as possible to avoid trips and falls
B)responding effectively to emergency situations to get medical aid
C)mandatory use of hard hats and safety goggles to avoid contact injuries
D)developing, teaching, and reinforcing safe work habits for every task

Question 24

Active transactional leaders demonstrate idealized influence.

Question 25

Explain why an organization should have an occupational health and safety policy and describe the elements of an effective policy statement.List the information that should be covered in an organizational occupational health and safety policy and describe how to implement the policy.

Question 26

Define and give an example of engineering interventions,administrative interventions,and behavioural interventions.Which intervention is most effective?

Question 27

Which of the following describes CSA Z1000-14,the Canadian standard for occupational health and safety management systems?

A)provides guidance for employers who want to develop a psychological health and safety management system
B)is a legally enforceable set of regulations on occupational health and safety management
C)is an effort of workers' compensation boards to reduce OH&S incidents
D)provides guidance for employers who want to implement an occupational health and safety management system

Question 28

Safety climate perceptions are only effective in predicting current behaviour.

Question 29

Travis is a drilling supervisor in an oil field.Part of his job is to get the rig dismantled,moved,and set up on a new site as quickly and safely as possible.What dimension of transformational leadership is he demonstrating when he asks workers to try to identify safer ways of carrying out the move?

A)idealized influence
B)inspirational motivation
C)intellectual stimulation
D)individualized consideration

Question 30

The management team at a large food and beverage producer are in the initial planning stage of implementing an OHSMS.What types of activities are they likely working on?

A)management review
B)hazard identification and risk assessment
C)training programs
D)incident investigation

Question 31

Behaviour-based safety programs aim to make the consequences of safe behaviour positive,immediate,and certain.

Question 32

Dave works on an oil rig.He tries to follow the safety protocols on the rig as much as possible because he knows he would feel terrible if a coworker were injured due to something stupid that Dave did or forgot to do.What type of extrinsic motivation is represented in this example?

A)external regulation
B)introjected regulation
C)identified regulation
D)integrated regulation

Question 33

Safety climate is a strong predictor safety performance.

Question 34

Describe the three conditions necessary for individuals to work safely.How can these conditions be used to increase safe work behaviours?

Question 35

Behavioural interventions modify workplace procedures,policies,and exposure to hazards in the workplace.

Question 36

Safety compliance refers to employee behaviours that go beyond safety participation.

Question 37

Describe the four stages of the Plan-Do-Check-Act continuous improvement model and how each contributes to the organization's occupational health and safety management system.

Question 38

Drawing on self-determination theory,strategies that focus on developing controlled motivation for safety will most likely increase safety participation in workplaces.

Question 39

As of 2016,all organizations in Canada must comply with CSA Standard Z1000-14.

Question 40

Having a documented occupational health and safety management system raises the liability of the corporation in terms of regulatory compliance or in the event of a safety incident.

Question 41

What does reinforcement theory tell us about why employees are or are not motivated to wear personal protective equipment?

Question 42

You are the new HR manager at a large warehouse facility and have just overheard one of the front line supervisors making the following statement to another supervisor: "If management provides safety equipment and training so employees have the knowledge,skills,and abilities to perform their jobs safely,then we shouldn't have a problem with safety on the job."

Question 43

What can organizations do to create a work environment that motivates employees to work safely?