Deck 6: Stimulants

Question 1

Cocaine is derived from which plant?

A) Erythroxylon coca
B) Camellia sinensis
C) Papaver somniferum
D) Ma huang

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In what form did the general public in Europe and North America initially use cocaine?

A) Powder
B) Pills
C) Drinks, such as coca wine and Coca-Cola
D) Paste

Answer 2

C

Question 3

How does cocaine affect the brain?

A) Blocks serotonin reuptake.
B) Blocks dopamine receptors.
C) Creates a local anesthetic action.
D) Depends on an interaction of multiple neurotransmitters.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to Canadian authorities working at international airports, there is an increasing trend to smuggle cocaine by which means?

A) Hiding it in passenger's carry-on luggage.
B) Converting it into a liquid form.
C) Shipping it in a raw form.
D) Using passenger rather than cargo flights.

Question 5

What is a marked characteristic of the coca plant leaf?

A) It is round in shape, opaque with a burgundy in colour.
B) It has concentric ribbing, on a long, narrow and pointed green leaf.
C) It has five jagged lobed structures.
D) It is oval in shape, has a green colour with distinctive longitudinal lines (veins) on either side of the midrib.

Question 6

Before 1985 how would cocaine have been described in North America?

A) Street drug and prostitution.
B) Symbol of wealth and fame.
C) Gangs and guns and overdoses.
D) The party favour of the jazz and blues clubs.

Question 7

The psychoactive effects of coca can be made stronger by adding which of the following?

A) Tobacco
B) Calcified lime
C) Heat
D) Wine

Question 8

Which of the following describes the outcome of the 2007 Student Drug Use Survey in the Atlantic Provinces (SDUSAP): Atlantic Technical Report?

A) Less than 5% of the students reported having used cocaine or crack in the last year
B) Between 10% and 15% of the students reported having used cocaine or crack in the last year
C) Between 30% and 40% of the students reported having used cocaine or crack in the last year
D) Between 45% and 53% of the students reported having used cocaine or crack in the last year

Question 9

What is the most common way cocaine is used by compulsive cocaine users?

A) Intravenous injection.
B) "Snorting" it into the nose.
C) Mixing it with alcoholic beverages and drinking it.
D) Smoking it in a crack form.

Question 10

During which of the following procedures in 1884, did Karl Koller establish cocaine's value as a local anesthetic?

A) Eye surgery
B) Brain surgery
C) Psychiatric treatment
D) Limb removal

Question 11

Which of the following best describes cocaine?

A) An annual plant that grows to approximately half a meter high.
B) A blackthorn bush that grows to two or three meters high.
C) A small deciduous tree that grows between three and four meters high.
D) A coniferous shrub that grown only one meter in height.

Question 12

When is cocaine still used for a medicinal purpose?

A) It is sometimes prescribed for weight loss for those considered "medically" obese.
B) It is sometimes used as a local anesthetic for nasal, laryngeal, and esophageal surgeries.
C) It is sometimes used as a local anesthetic for dental surgeries.
D) It is sometimes prescribed as a first step toward treating other drug addictions.

Question 13

Which famous individual studied cocaine as a treatment for morphine dependence and depression?

A) Benjamin Rush
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Karl Koller
D) Parke Davis

Question 14

Which term is used to describe the most common form of pure cocaine?

A) Coca paste.
B) Cocaine hydrochloride.
C) Crack.
D) White powder.

Question 15

In reference to cocaine who said, "I find it, however, so transcendently stimulating and clarifying to the mind that its secondary action is a matter of small moment?"

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Sherlock Holmes
C) Angelo Mariani
D) Karl Koller

Question 16

You are listening to a school presentation by a man who describes himself as a lifelong substance abuser. He states the most frequently used drug was "ice". What is ice?

A) Vodka consumed in a frozen cube shape.
B) A smokeable form of heroin.
C) A smokeable form of cocaine.
D) A smokeable form of methamphetamine.

Question 17

According to the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime World Drug Report 2009, which country is the world's largest cultivator of the coca bush?

A) Bolivia
B) Columbia
C) Mexico
D) Peru

Question 18

What is the most common way cocaine is used recreationally?

A) Intravenous injection.
B) "Snorting" it into the nose.
C) Mixing it with alcoholic beverages and drinking it.
D) Smoking it in a crack form.

Question 19

What is cocaethylene?

A) It is a type of freebase cocaine.
B) It was one of the popular patent medicines sold around 1900.
C) It is formed in the body when cocaine and alcohol are used together.
D) It is a precursor for cocaine production.

Question 20

As a North American, which decade would you have been living in when cocaine began to be a public safety issue?

A) End of the 1930s
B) End of the 1940s
C) End of the 1950s
D) End of the 1960s

Question 21

How are amphetamines defined in Canada's Controlled Drugs and Substances Act?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Class A

Question 22

How long has the process for making illicit methamphetamine been on the streets?

A) Since 2002.
B) Since the 1930s.
C) Since the 1960s.
D) Since the early 1990s.

Question 23

What does crystal meth refer to?

A) Methamphetamine crystals, which may be smoked
B) Methamphetamine capsules
C) The "high" experienced after injecting methamphetamine
D) Methamphetamine imported from Colombia

Question 24

What is the ability of stimulants to improve mental performance?

A) It has never been demonstrated in controlled studies.
B) It is a myth-all the evidence shows that amphetamine and similar drugs impair performance.
C) It is so clear that these drugs are routinely used to treat Alzheimer's dementia.
D) It depends on the complexity of the task and the person's level of fatigue.

Question 25

What have the studies of the mechanism of action of the amphetamines focused principally on?

A) Serotonin and the endorphins.
B) GABA and glutamate.
C) Nicotinic receptors.
D) Release of norepinephrine and dopamine.

Question 26

What is the affect of amphetamines on weight control?

A) Is factual, but small and limited in duration.
B) It usual increases rather than decrease weight.
C) It has never been scientifically confirmed.
D) It is both medically and cosmetically significant for most patients.

Question 27

What is cocaine use during pregnancy associated with?

A) An increased risk of spontaneous abortion and placental tearing.
B) About one-third of all cases of mental retardation.
C) ADHD and depression in school-age children.
D) Greater neonatal problems than alcohol or tobacco.

Question 28

What are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity characteristics of?

A) Depression
B) Post traumatic stress
C) Autism
D) ADHD

Question 29

What is one of the more concerning side effects of treating ADHD with amphetamines or methylphenidate (Ritalin)?

A) The high rate of drug dependence that develops.
B) Decreased height and weight gain in children.
C) Increased numbers of suicide attempts.
D) Liver dysfunction.

Question 30

What has Alertec (modafinil) been recently approved to treat?

A) Narcolepsy
B) Depression
C) Methamphetamine dependence
D) Obesity

Question 31

When World War II was over a stock pile of amphetamines existed. Which of the following describes what the drug companies did to empty their supplies?

A) They were sold inexpensively with a prescription and advertised as a strength supplement
B) They were sold without a prescription and advertised as a cure of drowsiness
C) They were sold inexpensively without a prescription and advertised as a strength supplement
D) They were sold with a prescription and advertised as a cure of drowsiness

Question 32

Amphetamine was developed initially as a substitute for a closely related chemical derived from the Chinese herb ma huang. What is the chemical name?

A) Ephedrine
B) Sympathamine
C) Codeine
D) GHB

Question 33

Atomoxetine is a "non-stimulant" medication that has been approved for ADHD that does not appear to have abuse potential. What brand name is it sold under?

A) Ritalin
B) Strattera
C) Memantine
D) Attends

Question 34

After the last dose of amphetamines is taken, when does the virtual complete elimination take place?

A) Within 10 hours
B) Within 24 hours
C) Within 48 hours
D) Within one week

Question 35

When laboratory animals are given unlimited opportunities to self-administer cocaine injections what will most of them do?

A) Most eventually become bored with it and stop taking it.
B) They become completely tolerant to it and it loses its effect.
C) They only inject enough to keep themselves awake.
D) They will readily self-administer it until death.

Question 36

When illicit laboratories began making methamphetamine what name was it given?

A) Pop
B) Crack
C) Crank
D) Moth

Question 37

Which of following was NOT one of the early medical uses for amphetamine when it was first studied in the 1930s?

A) Treating narcolepsy
B) Treating anxiety
C) Treating hyperactivity (ADHD)
D) Weight control

Question 38

What did the 2007 SDUSAP indicate?

A) Less than 2% of students reported using cocaine within the last year.
B) Less than 10% of students reported using cocaine within the last year.
C) Less than 5% of students reported using cocaine within the last year.
D) Less than 0.5% of students reported using cocaine within the last year.

Question 39

How were amphetamines used during World War II?

A) They were used by all European countries to treat anxiety.
B) They were used by the German military as a "truth serum" for interrogating prisoners.
C) They were used by the Japanese, as an anesthetic due to the shortage of other medications.
D) They were used to decrease fatigue by several countries, including Canada.

Question 40

Which of the following was TRUE about the use of amphetamines to treat depression?

A) Amphetamines were never used therapeutically because of their abuse potential.
B) Amphetamines could move depressed individuals from a suicidal state to a more normal range of emotions for a short time.
C) Amphetamines were safer and more widely used than the newer antidepressants, such as SSRIs.
D) Amphetamines could move depressed individuals from a suicidal state to a more normal range of emotions for a long period of time.

Question 41

Colombia remained the world's largest cultivator of coca bush followed by Mexico.

Question 42

The process for making illicit methamphetamine has been "on the streets" since the 1960s.

Question 43

Karl Koller found cocaine to provide anesthesia sufficient to allow amputation surgeries to proceed without the perception of pain.

Question 44

Describe cocaine's mechanism of action.

Question 45

By which means can paranoid psychosis be produced?

A) By high doses of amphetamines.
B) By methamphetamine, but not any other form of amphetamine.
C) By withdrawal from long-term amphetamine use.
D) By stimulant drugs, but only in certain individuals.

Question 46

Chronic cocaine poisoning leads to profound CNS stimulation, progressing to convulsions, which can lead to respiratory or cardiac arrest.

Question 47

Sigmund Freud was always opposed to the use of cocaine for treating psychiatric conditions.

Question 48

According to the Level of Concern Regarding the Use of Bath Salts among Canadian Municipalities, Vancouver has the highest number of reported and treated incidents in Canada.

Question 49

Cocaine is still legally available for use in nasal, laryngeal, and esophageal surgery.

Question 50

Benzedrine is still the most common drug used in treating ADHD.

Question 51

Identify four famous persons who had a role in introducing cocaine during their life time.

Question 52

Use of cocaine during pregnancy has been clearly linked to many kinds of birth defects and mental retardation.

Question 53

Crack cocaine is a very stable form of the drug also known as cocaine hydrochloride.

Question 54

Snorting cocaine is the most common route by which the drug is used recreationally.

Question 55

What was the role of the coca leaf in the Inca culture?

Question 56

Where in Canada does the largest proportion of smuggled cocaine enter?

Question 57

Describe the abuse potential of snorted cocaine.

Question 58

In North America, little concern was given to cocaine until the end of the 1940s.

Question 59

The earliest medical use for amphetamine was as a substitute for ephedrine in treating asthma.

Question 60

Although physicians were well aware of the dangers of using cocaine regularly, non-medical and quasi-medical use of cocaine was widespread at the start of the twentieth century.

Question 61

Who was Karl Koller, and what did he do to solidify a place in history?

Question 62

Explain why the dependence potential of stimulants was unrecognized for many years.

Question 63

Explain the different preparations of cocaine and how they are used.

Question 64

Discuss the outcome of the 2006 The Northwest Territories Addiction Survey.

Question 65

Describe acute toxicity referencing cocaine.

Question 66

How are "bath salts" taken and what is their effect?

Question 67

Describe the history of coca wine.

Question 68

Describe the outcome of 2007 The Student Drug Use Survey in the Atlantic Provinces
(SDUSAP): Atlantic Technical Report.

Question 69

Explain the three consequences for the drug scene from the tightening of restrictions on amphetamines in the 1960s and 1970s.

Question 70

During the 1950s and early 1960s, why were amphetamines prescribed?

Question 71

Describe the term "bath salts".