Deck 13: Trafficking in Illicit Drugs

Question 1

What is the role of cocaine in violent behavior?

Answer 1

Answers will vary

Question 2

During the past two decades,the price of cocaine sold on the street in the U.S.:

A) has increased
B) has decreased
C) has remained stable
D) remains unknown
E) none of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

After 1970,using,abusing,and being addicted to heroin:

A) increased the likelihood of committing a violent crime
B) decreased the likelihood of committing a violent crime
C) was unrelated to the likelihood of committing a violent crime
D) was unknown with respect to the likelihood of committing a violent crime
E) none of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Drug researchers have proposed three models or explanations for the drug-crime nexus.Which one is the most adequate in explaining this link?

A) the enslavement model
B) the predisposition model
C) the intensification model
D) All are equally adequate in explaining this link.
E) All are equally inadequate in explaining this link.

Question 5

Consuming alcohol is:

A) positively related to engaging in violent behavior
B) negatively related to engaging in violent behavior
C) is randomly related to engaging in violent behavior
D) is related to engaging in violent behavior in an unknown and unknowable fashion
E) none of the above

Question 6

ADAM-II's data indicate that people arrested for a crime:

A) are significantly more likely than the population at large to have recently used one or more psychoactive drugs
B) are significantly less likely than the population at large to have recently used one or more psychoactive drugs
C) have the same likelihood of having recently taken one or more psychoactive drugs than is true of the population at large
D) have an unknown and unknowable likelihood of having taken one or more psychoactive drugs
E) none of the above

Question 7

The relationship between committing a crime and being a victim of a crime is:

A) positive
B) negative
C) random
D) unknown
E) none of the above

Question 8

Among women,as the volume of cocaine consumed increases,the likelihood of being the victim of a crime:

A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains the same
D) remains unknown and unknowable
E) none of the above

Question 9

The relationship between alcohol consumption and criminal behavior is:

A) positive
B) negative
C) random
D) unknown and unknowable
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following drugs was the majority of perpetrators under the influence of when committing a criminal homicide?

A) heroin
B) alcohol
C) LSD
D) PCP
E) marijuana

Question 11

Which of the following models most adequately explains the drugs/violence nexus?

A) the economic-compulsive model
B) the psychopharmacological model
C) the systemic model
D) All of these models are equally adequate in explaining this nexus.
E) All of these models are equally inadequate in explaining this nexus.

Question 12

In our attempt to understand the relationship between drug use and criminal behavior,which would the researcher hypothesize is the dependent variable?

A) drug use
B) criminal behavior
C) both,equally
D) neither
E) none of the above

Question 13

The statistical correlation between the use of any and all illicit drugs and engaging in criminal behavior is:

A) positive
B) negative
C) random
D) unknown
E) none of the above

Question 14

Evidence indicates that the link between the consumption of alcohol and engaging in violent behavior is largely and substantially a result of:

A) disinhibition caused by the pharmacological effects of alcohol
B) cultural norms,not the pharmacological effects of alcohol
C) cognitive guidedness
D) unknown factors
E) none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following groups of drugs that appear in DAWN's overdose statistics also makes a substantial contribution to the drugs-crime nexus?

A) marijuana,MDMA,and LSD
B) alcohol,cocaine,and heroin
C) antipsychotics and antidepressants
D) Adderall,Ritalin,and amphetamine
E) sedatives,hypnotics,and tranquilizers

Question 16

The drug ADAM-II's sample is most likely to have tested positive for is:

A) opiates
B) cocaine
C) amphetamines
D) marijuana
E) methadone

Question 17

Among ADAM-II's sample of arrestees:

A) most agree to be drug tested
B) most refuse to be drug tested
C) about half agree to be drug tested
D) an unknown proportion agree to be drug tested
E) none of the above

Question 18

During the past two decades,the purity of cocaine sold on the street in the U.S.:

A) has increased
B) has decreased
C) has remained stable
D) remains unknown
E) none of the above

Question 19

The use of certain drugs is more "criminogenic" than that of others,that is,it is more closely related to criminal behavior.Which of the following are the "big three" drugs with respect to the relationship between using psychoactive substances and committing crime?

A) Ecstasy,GHB,and Rohypnol
B) marijuana,LSD,and tobacco
C) alcohol,cocaine,and narcotics
D) sedatives,hypnotics,and tranquilizers
E) anti-psychotics,antidepressants,and benzodiazepines

Question 20

Among men,as the volume of cocaine consumed increases,the likelihood of being the perpetrator of crime:

A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains the same
D) remains unknown and unknowable
E) none of the above

Question 21

What theories or models best explain the relationship between alcohol and violence?

Question 22

Drug researchers have proposed three models of the connection or link between drug use and criminal behavior.What are they,how are they different,and which one seems to be most adequate in explaining this connection?

Question 23

How have the explanations by drug researchers concerning the relationship between heroin addiction and violence evolved over time? What was the previous model and what is the current model? Why have these models changed?

Question 24

Why do criminologists believe that there's a connection between being the perpetrator of a crime and being the victim of crime? What do they mean when they say that many of the dynamics that cause one also cause the other? Does this make sense? Explain.

Question 25

The early studies of narcotic addiction that put forward the validity the enslavement or economic-compulsive model argued for a particular change in the drug law.What was this change that they proposed,why did they see it as a conclusion of their research,and what political consequences did their arguments have? Which well-known sociologists were associated with this position?

Question 26

Drug researchers have proposed three models of the nexus between drug use and violent behavior.What are they and which seems most adequate today?

Question 27

What evidence suggests the limitations of the economic-compulsive or enslavement model and the predisposition models of the drugs-crime connection? Why is the intensification model a more adequate explanation for this connection?

Question 28

During the 1990s,the crime rate in the U.S.declined sharply and precipitously.Do you think that changes in rates of drug use and abuse play any role in this decline? Explain.

Question 29

Do surveys (such as MTF and NSDUH)that ask questions about drug use and crime verify other sources of information on the drugs-crime nexus,such as arrest data and surveys on drug-abusing or criminal sectors of the population? Be detailed and specific.