Deck 10: Motivation and Safety Management Systems

Question 1

What equation defines safety performance?

A)Safety performance = Ability × Motivation × Opportunity
B)Safety performance = Ability + Motivation + Opportunity
C)Safety performance = Skill + Knowledge + Ability
D)Safety performance = Skill × Knowledge × Ability

Answer 1

Safety performance = Ability × Motivation × Opportunity

Question 2

Which type of extrinsic motivation from her supervisor prompts Soni to always wear her safety glasses at work?

A)amotivation
B)autonomous motivation
C)behaviour-based motivation
D)controlled motivation

Answer 2

controlled motivation

Question 3

Setting and communicating high expectations for safe performance of work tasks is associated with what dimension of transformational leadership?

A)idealized influence
B)inspirational motivation
C)intellectual stimulation
D)individualized consideration

Answer 3

inspirational motivation

Question 4

Eli is an entrepreneur who turned a small contracting company into a substantial property development operation. As his company has grown, he has realized safety needs to be integrated into all areas of company operations using interactive set of organizational approaches and programs. He is working with his management team and employees to develop and implement such a program. Which of the following are they implementing?

A)an occupational health and safety management system
B)a positive safety climate
C)a company-wide OH&S policy
D)an active safety leadership program

Question 5

How can HRMs best ensure that employees utilize the knowledge and skills gained during training and consistently perform their work duties in a safe manner?

A)by installing surveillance cameras
B)by providing rewards for reporting unsafe behaviour
C)by building a safety culture and safety leadership
D)by rewarding reductions in incidents and injuries

Question 6

According to self-determination theory, what forms of extrinsic motivation result in more of a self-directed effort to work in safer ways?

A)external and introjected
B)introjected and identified
C)identified and integrated
D)integrated and external

Question 7

According to the reinforcement theory of safety, what do organizations need to do to improve poor safety behaviour?

A)tailor rewards to workers' preferences
B)set specific and difficult goals
C)link behaviour to consequences
D)provide lots of feedback to workers

Question 8

What is motivation based on one's interest and enjoyment?

A)amotivation
B)extrinsic motivation
C)intrinsic motivation
D)compliance

Question 9

A group of friends are studying for a safety certification. They have each made a goal to help keep them on track. All else equal, who is most likely to achieve his goal?

A)Joe plans to study three hours/day, six days a week
B)Zheng plans to study as often as he can during the week
C)Andrew plans to review the chapters and revise his notes for an hour on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and check in with an online practice quiz once a week
D)Dimitri plans to review the chapters and revise his notes for an hour on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays

Question 10

What is the basic model underlying most applications of behavioural programming in the workplace?

A)respectful workplaces
B)trigger ? consequence? behaviour
C)antecedent ? behaviour ? consequence
D)antecedent ? results? behaviour

Question 11

The tire plant where Tariq works has explicitly enacted policies on safety, encourages safety-related training, and promotes safety. Which of the following does this plant have?

A)a strong safety climate
B)an excellent safety record
C)a behaviour-based approach
D)a lot of resources

Question 12

What theory explains how we can motivate safe behaviour by recognizing that people are motivated by different things?

A)reinforcement theory
B)goal-setting theory
C)self-determination theory
D)transformational leadership theory

Question 13

Which of the following is a dimension for characterizing behavioural consequences?

A)immediate or delayed
B)short-term or long-term
C)limited or extensive
D)compliance or performance

Question 14

Transformational leaders show a substantial degree of concern for the well-being of their employees. Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics exhibited by transformational leaders?

A)intellectual stimulation
B)individualized consideration
C)insightful approximation
D)inspirational motivation

Question 15

What goal-setting technique explained why a larger proportion of one group of university staff members attended a health and safety training session, compared to the lower attendance seen in a second group of staff members?

A)They were given a more difficult goal.
B)They were given a more specific goal.
C)They were more committed to the goal.
D)They received more feedback about their progress.

Question 16

Brenda recently started a new job wherein she is responsible for supporting the implementation of a leadership development program. Brenda is eager to help her company and is excited at the opportunity to improve her company's performance. Brenda requests a meeting with her boss to go over the goals and objectives that she is to achieve over the next year. Brenda's boss replies to her questions with "your goal is to make it happen." Brenda leaves the meeting feeling uncertain and overwhelmed about what exactly she is to accomplish. According to the goal-setting theory, what should Brenda's boss have done to ensure she stays motivated?

A)provide Brenda with the company's safety climate survey results so she can identify the problems
B)provide Brenda with more specific goals about what she is to achieve
C)ask Brenda why she is eager and excited to support the initiative
D)introduce Brenda to a mentor within the organization to ensure she can set organization-specific goals

Question 17

Which of the following factors is a core component of self-determination theory?

A)motivators
B)legislation
C)training
D)goals

Question 18

Which of the following describes the consequences of safe behaviour as encouraged by behaviour-based safety programs?

A)positive, delayed, and contingent
B)positive, immediate, and certain
C)positive, immediate, and uncertain
D)negative, immediate, and certain

Question 19

According to the textbook, which employees should be eligible for safety incentives?

A)employees who have a perfect safety record
B)employees who have none or just a few minor safety issues
C)just employees working in production/operations jobs
D)all employees

Question 20

When planning behaviour based safety programs that include incentives, what do planners need to ensure?

A)that feedback is not used as an incentive
B)that incentives are used in place in employee training
C)that incentive programs manipulate employees' behaviour
D)that incentives are tied to behaviours under individual control

Question 21

Having a documented occupational health and safety management system raises the liability of the corporation in terms of regulatory compliance or in the event of a safety incident.

Question 22

Define and give an example of engineering interventions, administrative interventions, and behavioural interventions. Which intervention is most effective?

Question 23

You are the supervisor for a new a company that is developing a brand new OHSMS. You suggest to the supervisors and managers working on the development of the program that it should be integrated with which of the following?

A)the community
B)all aspects of the organization
C)the employee performance management program
D)the employee assistance programs

Question 24

Occupational health and safety management systems can be mandatory or voluntary.

Question 25

Controlled motivation is where an employee is acting on their free will.

Question 26

Drawing on self-determination theory, strategies that focus on developing controlled motivation for safety will most likely increase safety participation in workplaces.

Question 27

Explain the concept that the multiplicative model of safety performance is noncompensatory and explain why this is important to understand within the context of training evaluations.

Question 28

Safety compliance refers to employee behaviours that go beyond safety participation.

Question 29

Oil drilling companies tend to be very safety conscious because of the hazardous nature of the work. However, given that engineering interventions are not always possible in this type of work, what would be the next best way of protecting oil rig workers?

A)keeping the drilling rig as clean as possible to avoid trips and falls
B)responding effectively to emergency situations to get medical aid
C)mandatory use of hard hats and safety goggles to avoid contact injuries
D)developing, teaching, and reinforcing safe work habits for every task

Question 30

Behavioural interventions modify workplace procedures, policies, and exposure to hazards in the workplace.

Question 31

Josh would be characterized as transformational leader if he encouraged employees to challenge the status quo.

Question 32

Dave works on an oil rig. He tries to follow the safety protocols on the rig as much as possible because he knows he would feel terrible if a coworker were injured due to something stupid that Dave did or forgot to do. What type of extrinsic motivation is represented in this example?

A)external regulation
B)introjected regulation
C)identified regulation
D)integrated regulation

Question 33

List and explain the five factors that augment the effectiveness of goal setting.

Question 34

Goal-setting interventions focus on the power of internal rewards and punishment in the motivation of behaviour.

Question 35

Marek is a drilling supervisor in an oil field. Part of his job is to get the rig dismantled, moved, and set up on a new site as quickly and safely as possible. What dimension of transformational leadership is he demonstrating when he asks workers to try to identify safer ways of carrying out the move?

A)idealized influence
B)inspirational motivation
C)intellectual stimulation
D)individualized consideration

Question 36

Safety climate is not a predictor of safety performance.

Question 37

Behaviour-based safety programs aim to make the consequences of safe behaviour positive, immediate, and certain.

Question 38

Provide examples of extrinsically and intrinsically motivated safety behaviours.

Question 39

Which of the following describes CSA Z1000-14, the Canadian standard for occupational health and safety management systems?

A)provides guidance for employers who want to develop a psychological health and safety management system
B)is a legally enforceable set of regulations on occupational health and safety management
C)is an effort of workers' compensation boards to reduce OH&S incidents
D)provides guidance for employers who want to implement an occupational health and safety management system

Question 40

Describe the four stages of the Plan-Do-Check-Act continuous improvement model and how each contributes to the organization's occupational health and safety management system.
Discuss how training can help to reduce the risk of workplace violence for isolated workers and use instructional systems design to develop a program for one of the above groups.

Question 41

What does reinforcement theory tell us about why employees are or are not motivated to wear personal protective equipment?

Question 42

Explain what separates and OHSMS from traditional OH&S programs.

Question 43

What can organizations do to create a work environment that motivates employees to work safely?