Deck 11: Leadership and Influence Processes

Question 1

A participative leader would be preferred by an employee with a high internal locus of control.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Way is a researcher with advanced degrees.He has referent power.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

From the manager's standpoint,trying to motivate people is an attempt to influence their behavior.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The leader makes the decision in all but one of the decision styles used in the Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision tree model.

Question 5

The Ohio studies suggested two basic leadership behaviors: job-centered behavior and employee-centered behavior.

Question 6

The leader-behavior theories have played an important role in the development of contemporary thinking about leadership.In particular,they urge us not to be preoccupied with what leaders are (the trait approach)but to concentrate on what leaders do (their behaviors).

Question 7

The more a manager uses coercive power the less likely he or she is to be seen as a leader.

Question 8

Someone can have power without actually using it.

Question 9

The Michigan studies interpreted leader behavior as one dimensional.

Question 10

The situational approach assumed that some basic trait or set of traits existed that differentiated leaders from nonleaders.

Question 11

According to Fiedler,a low LPC score means that you show your concern with the relationship by providing direction to subordinates and getting the job done.

Question 12

Leaders can use referent power extensively in order to inspire loyalty and enthusiasm.

Question 13

The path-goal theory of leadership is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation.

Question 14

The ability to affect the behavior of others is known as power.

Question 15

A secretary who knows how to unravel bureaucratic red tape has expert power over anyone who needs that information.

Question 16

If there is a mismatch between leader style and the style demanded by the situation,Fiedler says that we must change the leader behavior.

Question 17

One of the factors that comprises what Fiedler refers to as "situational favorableness" is task structure.

Question 18

Early approaches to the study of leadership assumed that there were many answers to the leadership puzzle.

Question 19

Mary inspires people to serve others.Mary is a leader.

Question 20

Leader-behavior models assume that appropriate leader behavior varies from one situation to another.

Question 21

Punishment involves the use of ____ power.

A)legitimate
B)reward
C)referent
D)expert
E)coercive

Question 22

Leadership is

A)a process.
B)a property.
C)using influence to shape behavior without using force.
D)a set of characteristics found in people who are leaders.
E)all of these.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a possible reward for a manager to use who wants to exercise effective reward power toward his or her subordinates?

A)A cash bonus
B)A recommendation for promotion
C)An interesting job task
D)A salary increase
E)The same reward for everyone

Question 24

The leadership model that stresses that leaders have different kinds of relationships with different subordinates is known as Vroom's decision tree approach.

Question 25

Karl is fond of saying 'remember,half the doctors you see graduated in the bottom of their class.' Karl is attempting to limit the ____ power of physicians.

A)expert
B)legitimate
C)referent
D)reward
E)coercive

Question 26

Political behavior may be undertaken by managers dealing with their subordinates,but not subordinates dealing with their managers.

Question 27

The behaviors of top leaders are being scrutinized more than ever.

Question 28

By providing subordinates with autonomy,responsibility,challenge,and feedback,managers reduce the likelihood of political behavior by subordinates.

Question 29

A conclusion of the LMX approach is that subordinates who are part of the in-group will receive more of their supervisor's time and attention.

Question 30

Mark Zuckerberg created Facebook,which has more than 800 million users.Zuckerberg has

A)rational persuasion.
B)positive reinforcement.
C)valence.
D)directive leadership.
E)power.

Question 31

Transformational leadership goes beyond ordinary expectations by transmitting a sense of mission,stimulating learning experiences,and inspiring new ways of thinking.

Question 32

Cultural leadership is used as a broad concept to encompass both international differences and diversity-based differences within one culture.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT an example of an individual who is leading?

A)A person identifying detailed steps
B)A person delegating authority
C)A friend convincing you to accept a date
D)A person planning detailed evaluations
E)A person establishing timetables

Question 34

Workplace bullies use sarcasm,humiliation,and fear to influence others.This is a form of ____ power.

A)expert
B)legitimate
C)referent
D)reward
E)coercive

Question 35

Christine is generous and kind with such joy that it becomes contagious to others.She is a

A)leader.
B)manager.
C)employee.
D)supervisor.
E)union representative.

Question 36

Power is a form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance.

Question 37

Strategic leadership is a new concept that explicitly relates leadership to the role of top management.

Question 38

Research has not confirmed the existence of in-groups and out-groups.

Question 39

If leaders are able to offer or withhold rewards,what type of power do they have?

A)Coercive
B)Reward
C)Legitimate
D)Expert
E)Referent

Question 40

Managers and leaders differ in

A)how they create an agenda.
B)how they achieve the agenda.
C)how they execute the agenda.
D)the type of outcomes they achieve.
E)all of these.

Question 41

In which of the following theories can leadership behavior be focused on relationships with people and on work performance at the same time?

A)Ohio State studies
B)Managerial Grid
C)Michigan studies
D)All of these
E)Only the Ohio State studies and the Managerial Grid

Question 42

What approach to identifying a leader are you using if you vote for a politician based on his or her communication skills,intelligence,appearance,and assertiveness?

A)LPC
B)Vroom's decision tree approach
C)Path-goal theory
D)Trait
E)Fiedler's contingency

Question 43

All of the following are situational theories of leadership except

A)the LPC model.
B)the path-goal model.
C)Vroom's decision tree approach.
D)the Ohio State Studies.
E)None of these are situational theories of leadership.

Question 44

In the Managerial Grid,the ideal manager behavior is represented by a 9,9 "team" manager,who has high concern for both ____ and ____.

A)structure; people
B)people; production
C)leadership; production
D)finances; operations
E)managers; workers

Question 45

Bill Lennox is a good man.He inspires loyalty and impeccable behavior because he demonstrates high moral standards with every decision.He has ____ power.

A)legitimate
B)technological
C)expert
D)referent
E)coercive

Question 46

In the Marine Corps subordinates want tough effective training that they know will someday save their lives.Marines also want to be well taken care of by a supportive leader.Marine desires for tough training and supportive leaders supports the ____ model of leadership behavior.

A)trait approach
B)Ohio State studies
C)Vroom-Yetton-Jago
D)Fiedler
E)Michigan studies

Question 47

At the opposite ends of the single continuum used by the Michigan studies are the leader's ____ and ____.

A)initiating-structure behavior; consideration behavior
B)job-centered leader behavior; employee-centered leader behavior
C)concern for production; concern for people
D)task-oriented behavior; relationship-oriented behavior
E)None of these.

Question 48

One of the reasons Steve Jobs was very successful at Apple was his charisma.He had ____ power.

A)referent
B)reward
C)legitimate
D)coercive
E)expert

Question 49

A supervisor's use of coercion also involves the

A)use of distortion.
B)use of extinction.
C)use of positive reinforcement.
D)loss of leadership.
E)loss of persuasion.

Question 50

Traits that matter for leadership include all of the following EXCEPT

A)intelligence.
B)attractiveness.
C)honesty.
D)integrity.
E)communication ability.

Question 51

The behavior that is called "job-centered leader behavior" in the Michigan studies is similar to the behavior called ____ in the Ohio State studies,and ____ in the Leadership Grid.

A)initiating-structure; concern for production
B)consideration; concern for people
C)concern for production; initiating-structure
D)concern for people; consideration
E)None of these.

Question 52

Working Mother magazine ranked Abbott as one of the top ten companies for working families.CEO Miles White says "One of the most important things we can do for working families today is to help them lead healthier lives." According to the Michigan studies,White is using ____ behavior.

A)initiating-structure
B)consideration
C)concern for production
D)employee-centered leader
E)job-centered leader

Question 53

The Managerial Grid shows that Paul is a 1,1 leader.Which of the following is therefore true about Paul's leadership?

A)Paul has little concern for people or for work performance.
B)Paul is an effective leader.
C)Paul has a lot of concern for people and for work performance.
D)Paul has little concern for people,but a lot of concern for work performance.
E)Paul has a lot of concern for people,but a little concern for work performance.

Question 54

What score does Fiedler use to determine leader style?

A)Leadership grid
B)Task structure
C)Flexibility
D)Least Preferred Coworker
E)Leader position coordinator

Question 55

A news producer selects a reporter to cover a breaking story that will get attention and possibly lead to career advancement.The producer has which type of power?

A)Referent
B)Expert
C)Reward
D)Coercive
E)None of these.

Question 56

What is the basic assumption of situational approaches to leadership?

A)Increasing worker job satisfaction through considerate leadership will get the best results.
B)Initiating structure for employees so they know exactly what needs to be done will be most effective.
C)The appropriate leader style will vary from one set of circumstances to another.
D)Effective leaders can be identified by certain traits.
E)Some factors make leader behavior unnecessary.

Question 57

Which of the following is a situational leadership model?

A)Trait approach
B)Michigan studies
C)Ohio State studies
D)Leadership Grid
E)Path-goal theory

Question 58

In the Ohio State studies,employees of supervisors who ranked ____ on initiating structure were ____ performers and expressed ____ levels of satisfaction.

A)high; poor; low
B)high; high; low
C)low; high; low
D)low; poor; high
E)None of these.

Question 59

A manager possesses more coercive power when the elements he or she controls are ____ punitive and ____ important to subordinates.

A)less; less
B)less; more
C)more; more
D)more; less
E)None of these.

Question 60

When an organization promotes someone,it sends a signal to everyone that the person is competent.This gives the person _____ power.

A)legitimate.
B)technological.
C)expert.
D)referent.
E)coercive.

Question 61

According to Vroom's decision tree approach,what is the best measure of decision effectiveness?

A)Concern for production and concern for people
B)Availability of information and how structured the situation is
C)The decision style used
D)LPC score and situational favorableness
E)Decision quality and subordinate acceptance of the decision

Question 62

Carolyn discusses and reasons with the Board of Directors until they agree to let her try her new strategic plan for a trial period.Carolyn is using

A)creation of an obligation.
B)persuasion.
C)coercion.
D)inducement.
E)All of these.

Question 63

Daniel has been appointed leader of a project task force.He has legitimate power in this position.The task is unstructured.Also,Daniel has weak leader-member relations.According to Fiedler's LPC theory,what type of leadership style is appropriate in this situation?

A)Task-oriented
B)Relationship-oriented
C)Participative
D)Transformational leadership
E)None of these.

Question 64

In contrast to Fiedler's theory,path-goal theory assumes that leaders

A)have little tolerance for their least-preferred coworker.
B)can change their leadership style to fit the demands of a particular situation.
C)should maintain a consistent leadership style to avoid confusing subordinates.
D)must find a fit between their leader styles and the situation.
E)should always maintain a participative leader style.

Question 65

According to Fiedler,a task is structured when it is

A)routine,difficult to understand,and unambiguous.
B)routine,easy to understand,and ambiguous.
C)nonroutine,difficult to understand,and ambiguous.
D)routine,easy to understand,and unambiguous.
E)None of these.

Question 66

Which of the following is a factor that may neutralize or substitute for leadership?

A)Routineness
B)Availability of feedback
C)Intrinsic satisfaction
D)Formalization
E)All of these.

Question 67

Demonstrating personal excitement or passion about something is part of ____ leadership.

A)charismatic
B)entrepreneurial
C)symbolic
D)integrative
E)participative

Question 68

The concept of charismatic leadership is most closely related to

A)Vroom-Yetton-Jago.
B)the trait approach.
C)Fiedler's contingency theory.
D)substitutes for leadership.
E)path-goal theory.

Question 69

When CEOs fail in ethical leadership,which of the following are frequently involved?

A)Stonewalling
B)Lying
C)Blaming
D)Counter-suing
E)All of these.

Question 70

A manager who tells a subordinate that he will not recommend her for promotion unless she supports his proposal in an upcoming sales meeting is using which type of political behavior?

A)Creation of an obligation
B)Coercion
C)Initiating structure
D)Persuasion
E)Inducement

Question 71

In Fiedler's model,favorable situations are those that have good leader-member relations,a(n)____ task,and ____ leader position-power.

A)unstructured; weak
B)structured; strong
C)unstructured; weak
D)structured; strong
E)None of these.

Question 72

When Pamela Forbes Lieberman took over TruServ,it was on the verge of bankruptcy,with spiraling debt,a top-heavy hierarchy,and outdated management.Now debt and inventory are down,as is payroll expense,and TruServ met SEC filing requirements.Which of the following BEST describes Forbes Lieberman in this role,_____ leader.

A)directive
B)participative
C)transformational
D)supportive
E)task oriented

Question 73

Mihee set challenging goals and high expectations because she has confidence in her fellow nurses.Based on the path-goal theory,what kind of leader behavior is Mihee exhibiting?

A)Supportive
B)Directive
C)Achievement-oriented
D)Participative
E)Bureaucratic

Question 74

In the television series Mad Men,Don Draper is responsible for the creative side of the ad agency.He tells one copy writer about a product and she submits ten ideas.Draper decides if one is good.Draper used which decision-making style?

A)Consult individual
B)Facilitate
C)Delegate
D)Participate
E)Decide

Question 75

In Fiedler's model,a ____ LPC score is said to reflect a ____ orientation and a ____ LPC score is said to reflect a(n)____ orientation.

A)high; relationship; low; task
B)high; task; low; relationship
C)low; relationship; high; task
D)low; task; high; initiating-structure
E)None of these.

Question 76

In the television series Mad Men,Don Draper is responsible for the creative side of the ad agency.He has a unique relationship with Peggy,the copy writer.She is part of his in-group.This information would be significant with ____

A)Vroom's decision tree approach.
B)the path-goal theory.
C)the LMX model.
D)the LPC theory.
E)the Leadership Grid.

Question 77

Vernique consults with her subordinates and encourages their involvement in the decision making process.Based on the path-goal theory,what kind of leader behavior is Vernique exhibiting?

A)Supportive
B)Directive
C)Achievement-oriented
D)Participative
E)Bureaucratic

Question 78

Which of the following leadership models is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation?

A)Vroom's decision tree approach
B)Fiedler's contingency
C)Vertical-dyad linkage
D)Path-goal
E)Substitutes for leadership

Question 79

Strategic leaders

A)understand the organization.
B)understand the organization's environment.
C)recognize the organization's current alignment with the environment.
D)work to improve the organization's current alignment with the environment.
E)All of these.

Question 80

As more companies become multi-national corporations,the need for ____ leadership has increased.

A)substitutes for
B)charismatic
C)transformational
D)political
E)cross-cultural