Deck 4: Cells

Question 1

When a cytoplasmic vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane,expelling its contents outside the cell,the process is known as:

A)active transport
B)exocytosis
C)phagocytosis
D)endocytosis

Answer 1

B

Question 2

One organelle,called a _______________,contains enzymes that digest worn out parts of cells.

A)peroxisome
B)lysosome
C)vesicle
D)endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which statement about cell walls is true?

A)The middle lamella glues the walls of adjacent cells together.
B)Cell walls are laid down inside cell membranes.
C)Bacteria and plants have cell walls of the same chemical composition.
D)Primary walls are laid down while the cell is still growing.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The nucleus of the eukaryotic cell functions:

A)as the command center for the cell
B)to store the cell's hereditary information
C)to house the nucleolus
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

An extensive system of internal membranes,called the ________________,is where carbohydrates and lipids are manufactured,and proteins are made that will be exported from the cell.

A)Golgi complex
B)endoplasmic reticulum
C)nucleolus
D)mitochondria

Question 6

Which is incorrect about the plasma membrane?

A)It has a hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic region that faces water.
B)Cholesterol affects the fluid nature of the membrane.
C)Proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer do not move.
D)Transmembrane proteins span the membrane.
E)It surrounds all living cells.

Question 7

An extracellular matrix is produced by glycoprotein secretion by:

A)fungal cells
B)bacterial cells
C)plant cells
D)animal cells

Question 8

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for aiding passage of polar molecules into and out of the cell.

A)Phospholipids
B)Cell surface proteins
C)Transmembrane proteins
D)Carbohydrate chains

Question 9

The simplest cells are the:

A)eukaryotic bacteria
B)prokaryotic bacteria
C)animal cells
D)cells of fungi

Question 10

Which of the following microscopes has the strongest resolving power?

A)Scanning electron microscope
B)Transmission electron microscope
C)Compound microscope
D)Phase-contrast microscope
E)Dark-field microscope

Question 11

What structures are found within bacterial cells?

A)Ribosomes
B)Chloroplasts
C)Nucleus
D)Mitochondria

Question 12

Two organelles that are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are __________________ and _________________.

A)ribosomes;nucleolus
B)Golgi complex;endoplasmic reticulum
C)peroxisomes;lysosomes
D)chloroplasts;mitochondria

Question 13

Oxidative metabolism takes place in the ___________________ of the cell.

A)Golgi complex
B)endoplasmic reticulum
C)mitochondria
D)nucleus

Question 14

______________ function in the collection,packaging,and distribution of molecules made in the cell.

A)Mitochondria
B)Ribosomes
C)Golgi bodies
D)Peroxisomes

Question 15

Cilia and flagella differ from each other primarily in:

A)function
B)length
C)internal structure
D)internal chemistry

Question 16

Select the membrane molecule that is made up of a polar region with two nonpolar fatty acid tails.

A)Phospholipids
B)Cell surface proteins
C)Transmembrane proteins
D)Carbohydrate chains

Question 17

When molecules move through a cell membrane from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration by way of a channel protein,it is called:

A)osmosis
B)endocytosis
C)facilitated diffusion
D)exocytosis

Question 18

Which of the following processes requires BOTH a carrier protein AND energy?

A)Active transport
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Osmosis
D)Simple diffusion

Question 19

Which organisms do NOT have centrioles?

A)Animals and protists
B)Plants and fungi
C)Plants and animals
D)Fungi and protists

Question 20

In the sodium-potassium pump,sugars and amino acids,or other molecules,are brought through the membrane along with sodium ions through:

A)coupled channels
B)chemiosmosis
C)proton pumps
D)receptor proteins

Question 21

Which of the following causes a dividing cell to pinch in two by contracting like a purse string?

A)Microtubles
B)Actin filaments
C)Intermediate filaments
D)Centrioles
E)Pili

Question 22

Which of the following is not an organelle?

A)Nucleus
B)Mitochondria
C)Lysosome
D)Chloroplast
E)Ribosome

Question 23

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A)The site of protein synthesis
B)The site of ribosome subunit assembly
C)Packages proteins for export form the cell
D)Site of photosynthesis
E)Isolate particular chemical activities from the rest of the cell

Question 24

Which of the following kingdoms are prokaryotes?

A)Fungi
B)Archaea
C)Plantae
D)Animalia
E)Protista

Question 25

Which process would enable a white blood cell to ingest a bacterium?

A)Diffusion
B)Receptor-mediated endocytosis
C)Phagocytosis
D)Pinocytosis
E)Osmosis

Question 26

The surface of a nucleus is bounded by a special kind of membrane called the ______________________.

Question 27

When a cell membrane engulfs fluid droplets it is called:

A)diffusion
B)receptor-mediated endocytosis
C)phagocytosis
D)pinocytosis
E)osmosis

Question 28

If a paramecium's contractile vacuole stops working,what might happen to the organism?

A)It would shrink.
B)It would stop making proteins.
C)It would stop doing cell respiration.
D)Its chromosomes would not replicate.
E)It would fill with water and lysE.

Question 29

Which of the following functions to isolate particular chemical activities from the rest of the cell?

A)Peroxisomes
B)Golgi complex
C)Chloroplasts
D)Nucleus
E)Ribosomes

Question 30

In eukaryotic cells,DNA is divided into long segments called __________________.

Question 31

As cells increase in size,cell ________________ increases more rapidly than cell surface area.

Question 32

Which of the following is found in plant cells but not animal cells?

A)Nucleus
B)Lysosomes
C)Golgi complex
D)Central vacuole
E)Chromosomes

Question 33

The phospholipids of a cell membrane are arranged into a ________________.

Question 34

Diffusion occurs because of the ________________________ of molecules.

Question 35

The big difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotes have _____________________,which prokaryotes do not.

Question 36

The _________________ of a eukaryotic cell is the organelle that houses the genetic material known as DNA.

Question 37

The endosymbiont theory is supported by the following evidence except:

A)Mitochondria are surrounded by two membranes.
B)Mitochondrial ribosomes are similar to bacterial ribosomes.
C)Mitochondria contain circular molecules of DNA.
D)Mitochondria divide by binary fission.
E)Mitochondria have a matrix.

Question 38

A semi-fluid matrix called ____________ fills the inside of a cell.

Question 39

Which structure helps prokaryotic cells attach to substrates and aid in the exchange of genetic information between cells?

A)Capsule
B)Nucleoid
C)Flagella
D)Pili
E)Ribosome

Question 40

In addition to a plasma membrane,plant cells have ______________ which protect and support the plant cell.

Question 41

Why are most cells so tiny?

Question 42

Cells engulfing large particles is called __________________.

Question 43

Explain an instance when a membrane defect can cause a disease.

Question 44

Explain what happens to plant and animal cells when placed in hypertonic,hypotonic and isotonic environments.

Question 45

Why can't many molecules,like sugar and proteins,pass freely across the lipid bilayer of plasma membranes?

Question 46

____________ is the minimum distance two points can be apart and still be distinguished as two separate points.

Question 47

Give the three major principles of the cell theory.

Question 48

The passive movement of molecules along a concentration gradient is called ___________________.

Question 49

Discuss the functions of the cytoskeleton of the cell.

Question 50

Describe the path a protein destined for secretion takes from synthesis to when it leaves the cell.