Deck 5: Values, Ethics, and Character

Question 1

Leaders ultimately must be judged on the basis of a framework of values,not just in terms of their effectiveness.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Moral reasoning is a process one uses to make an ethical decision and does not necessarily refer to personal morality.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Ends-based thinking stems from the idea that right and wrong are best determined by considering personal feelings.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Values tend to play a very small role in conflicts between groups.

Question 5

Being helpful,honest,and logical are examples of terminal values.

Question 6

According to the dual-process theory,moral judgments that deal primarily with rights and duties are made by automatic emotional responses.

Question 7

Leaders who make Theory Y assumptions are optimistic and believe workers are self-motivated.

Question 8

The concept of the Golden Rule is similar to ends-based thinking.

Question 9

Baby Boomers came of age during the Great Depression and World War II.

Question 10

Gen Xers tend to be more committed to a specific organization than to their vocation because job security is a high priority.

Question 11

Servant leadership puts the emphasis upon listening effectively to others.

Question 12

Distortion of consequences occurs when people minimize the harm caused by their immoral behavior.

Question 13

One's ability to reason about hypothetical moral issues is an assurance that one will act morally.

Question 14

The study of authentic leadership has gained momentum recently because of the belief that enhancing self-awareness can help people in organizations find more meaning and connection at work.

Question 15

Millennials tend to share an optimism that is most likely the result of having very devoted parents.

Question 16

Moral justification means that an action a person takes is moral and ethical.

Question 17

In-group favoritism occurs when people overrate the quality of their work or the extent of their group contributions.

Question 18

According to principle-centered leadership,certain organizational alignments are more likely than others to reinforce ethical behavior.

Question 19

Significant research supports the common belief that a generational gap in values exists in the U.S.

Question 20

Instrumental values refer to modes of behavior,and terminal values refer to desired end states.

Question 21

_____ involves reinterpreting otherwise immoral behavior in terms of a higher purpose.

A) Advantageous comparison
B) Moral justification
C) Displacement of responsibility
D) Euphemistic labeling

Question 22

An authentic leader will most likely:

A) manage impressions and actions.
B) have a realistic self-perception.
C) exaggerate strong emotions.
D) foster in-group exclusivity.

Question 23

Which of the following best describes ethics?

A) Appreciation of laws
B) Principles of right conduct
C) Sense of organizational purpose
D) Modes of intrapersonal behavior

Question 24

Values are most likely:

A) shared by all human beings.
B) learned through socialization.
C) based on principles of law.
D) demonstrated by empathy.

Question 25

Which of the following best describes attribution of blame?

A) Using cosmetic words to defuse the offensiveness of distasteful behavior
B) Justifying immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions
C) Avoiding self-contempt for personal behavior by comparing it to the more heinous actions of others
D) Minimizing the harm caused by immoral actions by blaming the behavior on low societal standards

Question 26

A doctor learns that a patient has a highly contagious disease that poses a threat to the entire metropolitan area.However,the doctor is uncertain about sharing the information with city officials because of patient privacy concerns.Which ethical dilemma does the doctor most likely face?

A) Truth versus loyalty
B) Individual versus community
C) Short-term versus long-term
D) Justice versus mercy

Question 27

In general,members of the Baby Boomer generation:

A) are ambitious and loyal to organizations.
B) came of age during the Watergate scandal.
C) grew up as latchkey kids in divorced families.
D) appreciate teamwork and a work-life balance.

Question 28

A manager with a _____ orientation will most likely rely on coercive methods to motivate workers such as punishments and threats.

A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Millennial
D) Baby Boomer

Question 29

Leaders who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense of organizational purpose and belonging are most likely exhibiting:

A) consistency.
B) empathy.
C) vision.
D) integrity.

Question 30

What is the main criticism of servant leadership?

A) Motivating through coercion is unethical.
B) It is derived from a bureaucratic view of organizations.
C) Too much emphasis is placed on listening effectively to workers.
D) Serving employees conflicts with the realistic goals of organizations.

Question 31

Relationships that lack trust are characterized by self-protective efforts to control and verify each other's behavior.This statement most likely relates to the _____ level of principle-centered leadership.

A) interpersonal
B) personal
C) managerial
D) organizational

Question 32

Gen Xers have a tendency to define leadership as:

A) giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably.
B) sitting in meetings and making profound vision statements.
C) creating a level playing field for all.
D) being critical of employees.

Question 33

What are the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith?

A) Values,loyalty,consistency,and integrity
B) Honesty,values,loyalty,and creativity
C) Creativity,honesty,consistency,and vision
D) Vision,empathy,consistency,and integrity

Question 34

Terrorists may call themselves "freedom fighters," and firing someone may be referred to as "letting him go." These are both examples of:

A) moral justification.
B) diffusion of responsibility.
C) euphemistic labeling.
D) advantageous comparison.

Question 35

A leader who takes action to maintain ethical standards in the face of questionable moral behaviors by superiors is most likely exhibiting:

A) compelling vision.
B) charismatic leadership.
C) servant leadership behavior.
D) upward ethical leadership.

Question 36

Which generation of workers tends to be technologically savvy,independent,and skeptical of institutions and hierarchy?

A) Millennials
B) Veterans
C) Baby Boomers
D) Gen Xers

Question 37

Which term refers to the generation of workers born after 1982?

A) Gen Xers
B) Millennials
C) Baby Boomers
D) Veterans

Question 38

Ends-based thinking is best characterized as:

A) "Doing what you want others to do to you."
B) "Following the highest principle or duty."
C) "Doing what is best to get my desired end results."
D) "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."

Question 39

Theory Y reflects a view that most people:

A) are followers instead of leaders.
B) are moral and ethical in the workplace.
C) need to be coerced to work productively.
D) are intrinsically motivated by their work.

Question 40

In general,members of the Veteran generation:

A) lack a sense of accountability.
B) grew up during World War II.
C) question establishment values.
D) have little respect for leaders.

Question 41

Identify and describe the four generations of workers as illustrated by Zemke.

Question 42

Discuss how the values of Gen Xers affect the leadership process in the workplace.

Question 43

When good people do bad things,what are the different methods they use in minimizing personal moral responsibility? Briefly describe at least four such methods.

Question 44

Leaders create and sustain ethical climates in organizations through five "fronts" of leadership.Identify and describe these fronts and discuss how they relate to an ethical climate in an organization.

Question 45

Describe the differences between instrumental and terminal values and give examples of each.What role do values play in work settings?

Question 46

What is authentic leadership? What are the characteristics of authentic leaders?

Question 47

Individuals in a formal leadership role face unique ethical responsibilities and challenges.What are the six responsibilities that formal leaders face more than followers?

Question 48

What are the three principles for resolving ethical dilemmas,according to Kidder? How does Kidder suggest using these principles?

Question 49

Describe the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith.

Question 50

What are the characteristics of ethical and unethical climates in organizations? What factors in the Enron climate most likely led to the firm's collapse?