Deck 2: Psychological Health

Question 1

Other-directed decision making refers to

A)intrinsic decision making.
B)value-based decision making.
C)satisfying your own desires.
D)seeking the approval of others.

Answer 1

seeking the approval of others.

Question 2

The development of trust begins

A)in infancy.
B)in early childhood.
C)in adolescence.
D)in early adulthooD.

Answer 2

in infancy.

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding psychological health is TRUE?

A)Psychological health is independent of physical health.
B)Psychological health is a myth.
C)Psychological health is freedom from disorders.
D)Psychological health and physical health are intertwineD.

Answer 3

Psychological health and physical health are intertwineD.

Question 4

The stages of Erik Erikson's model of psychological development are experienced

A)beginning in the teen years.
B)sequentially.
C)randomly.
D)simultaneously.

Question 5

Being psychological normal is the same as

A)being mentally normal.
B)mentally,being close to average.
C)being psychologically healthy.
D)A and B

Question 6

People not afraid to be themselves and be "real" can be described as

A)authentic.
B)creative.
C)intimate.
D)distresseD.

Question 7

Maslow would NOT have described a self-actualized person as

A)knowing the difference between what is and what one wants.
B)willing to accept evidence that contradicts what one wants to believe.
C)remaining focused on the idea of the way things should be.
D)not wasting energy trying to force people into the ideal picture of the way they should be.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is most TRUE regarding psychological health?

A)Being normal is the same as being psychologically healthy.
B)It is as difficult to define it as it is important to understand it.
C)Freedom from psychological disorders is a comprehensive definition of psychological health.
D)Psychological health is the absence of anxiety.

Question 9

The percentage of adult Canadians that suffer from a diagnosable psychological disorder is

A)5 percent.
B)10 percent.
C)20 percent.
D)25 percent.

Question 10

Alex,age 28,lives in a safe and friendly community,has a stable job,and is involved in a relationship with a loving and supportive person.According to Maslow,Alex has a chance of attaining

A)mastery in life accomplishments.
B)self-actualization.
C)psychological freedom.
D)autonomy.

Question 11

According to Maslow,basic human needs are ranked in the following order as they DECREASE in urgency:

A)physiological needs,safety,being loved,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
B)safety,physiological needs,being loved,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
C)safety,physiological needs,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
D)self-actualization,physiological needs,safety,maintaining self-esteem,being loveD.

Question 12

People with acceptance usually

A)have a positive but realistic perception of themselves.
B)have a higher opinion of themselves than is healthy.
C)feel good about themselves but are not likely to live up to their positive self-image.
D)have big egos.

Question 13

Which of the following phrases is the best description of normality?

A)what most people do
B)the right thing to do
C)what most people should do
D)what people think they should do

Question 14

Which of the following statements describes people who are autonomous?

A)They don't express their feelings because of fear of disapproval.
B)They respond only to what they feel as outside pressure.
C)They act because they feel driven.
D)They are inner-directeD.

Question 15

The ability to share feelings without fear of rejection from another is most closely associated with

A)acceptance.
B)autonomy.
C)capacity for intimacy.
D)creativity.

Question 16

Being inner-directed is most closely associated with

A)acceptance.
B)autonomy.
C)capacity for intimacy.
D)creativity.

Question 17

An openness to new experiences is most closely associated with

A)self-esteem.
B)autonomy.
C)capacity for intimacy.
D)creativity.

Question 18

Which of the following statements describes a characteristic of self-actualized people?

A)They are largely able to accept themselves and others.
B)They are outer-directed.
C)They do not trust their own senses and feelings.
D)They are autocratic.

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely to separate those individuals with psychological problems from those who enjoy good psychological health?

A)ideas and attitudes that vary from the norms
B)conforming to social demands
C)political dissension
D)denying the reality of problems

Question 20

Being self-actualized is characterized by

A)passivity.
B)good work habits.
C)good physical health.
D)realism.

Question 21

Maggie,a third year university student,is changing her major for the fourth time.She expresses frustration about her attempt to choose a course of study that reflects who she is and what her interests are rather than walking down the career path her family expects of her.According to Erikson,Maggie is

A)experiencing an identity crisis.
B)subconsciously rebelling against her parents.
C)afraid of making a commitment.
D)feeling overwhelmed by too many career options.

Question 22

A 10-year-old girl learning about her capabilities in the classroom and on the playground would be in Erikson's stage of

A)industry vs.inferiority.
B)identity vs.role confusion.
C)autonomy vs.shame and doubt.
D)integrity vs.despair.

Question 23

The conflict of Erikson's first stage of development is between

A)trust and mistrust.
B)freedom and responsibility.
C)inner-directed and outer-directed behavior.
D)autonomy and shame/self-doubt.

Question 24

A defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts or wishes are excluded from consciousness is

A)repression.
B)projection.
C)rationalization.
D)displacement.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is an example of negative self-talk?

A)"I wonder why my boss wants to see me? I guess I'll just have to wait and see."
B)"I'll have to start working on that next paper earlier."
C)"I won the speech contest,but only because none of the other speakers was very good."
D)"Too bad I missed the one problem through carelessness,but overall I did pretty well on this test."

Question 26

A technique that may aid in fighting demoralization is

A)giving up.
B)keeping a journal of self-talk.
C)recognizing failure.
D)use of defense mechanisms.

Question 27

A person who expects failure and accepts it as deserved is called a(n)

A)optimist.
B)realist.
C)masochist.
D)pessimist.

Question 28

Expressing wishes forcefully,but not necessarily hostilely,describes being

A)aggressive.
B)assertive.
C)passive.
D)overbearing.

Question 29

People with established identities tend to do all the following,EXCEPT

A)form intimate,lasting relationships.
B)remain isolated.
C)share open communication.
D)love and be loveD.

Question 30

Defense mechanisms like humor and substitution might best be described as

A)temporary means of coping.
B)effective solutions to minor problems.
C)personality characteristics.
D)age-specific responses to stress.

Question 31

Stability,as it relates to self-esteem,is best described as

A)a complete absence of mixed messages about oneself from others.
B)an integration of the self.
C)an unwavering positive self-image.
D)a necessary component for the establishment of a sense of love and belonging.

Question 32

Our early identity models are most likely to be

A)parents.
B)celebrities.
C)peers.
D)political leaders.

Question 33

A part of assertiveness is characterized most by

A)aggressiveness.
B)honest communication.
C)dominating others.
D)getting what you want.

Question 34

What is the defense mechanism that allows a false,acceptable reason to be given when the real reason is unacceptable?

A)repression
B)projection
C)rationalization
D)displacement

Question 35

Which statement is FALSE regarding the development of self-esteem?

A)It is based on experiences that occur within the family.
B)It is influenced by personality.
C)Rejected children may fail to develop feelings of self-worth.
D)Children knowingly build images of themselves based on the models of their parents.

Question 36

A psychological defense by which unacceptable feelings are transferred from one event or person to a less threatening one is

A)repression.
B)projection.
C)rationalization
D)displacement.

Question 37

A demoralized person would do all of the following,EXCEPT

A)use all-or-nothing thinking.
B)minimize the success of others.
C)take responsibility for unfortunate situations.
D)engage in cognitive distortions.

Question 38

One's identity

A)is established early in life.
B)is a lifelong process.
C)rarely changes from year to year.
D)A and C

Question 39

A defense mechanism by which unacceptable inner impulses are attributed to others is

A)displacement.
B)rationalization.
C)projection.
D)repression.

Question 40

According to Erikson's stages of development,the conflict stage for a typical young adult involves

A)industry vs.inferiority.
B)integrity vs.despair.
C)trust vs.mistrust.
D)intimacy vs.isolation.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for heading off explosive anger?

A)having a drink
B)reframing your thoughts
C)distracting yourself
D)having a cooling off period

Question 42

Psychological disorders may be a result of all of the following,EXCEPT

A)genetic differences.
B)exposure to traumatic events.
C)good coping skills.
D)life events.

Question 43

Which of the following is a social phobia?

A)fear of animals
B)fear of high places
C)fear of seeing blood
D)fear of embarrassment

Question 44

An example of a compulsion is

A)the impulse to hurt a family member.
B)anxiety about contracting HIV infection from a sneeze.
C)uncontrollable worry about an accident.
D)constant and repetitive hand washing.

Question 45

All of the following are positive reasons to socialize,EXCEPT

A)fear of being alone.
B)enjoying the company of others.
C)meeting new people.
D)improving your personal knowledge base.

Question 46

If you are dealing with anger in another person,you should NOT

A)react in a calm manner.
B)attempt to validate the other person.
C)accept the verbal abuse,as it is usually a temporary display.
D)disengage for the time being.

Question 47

People usually develop panic disorder in their

A)early twenties.
B)teenage years.
C)late adulthood.
D)early childhooD.

Question 48

If you feel explosive anger coming on,you should

A)try to reframe what you are thinking at the moment.
B)replay scenes from the past to help act in the present.
C)permanently avoid the issue/person that is upsetting you.
D)do none of the above.

Question 49

Which of the following statements about fear is false?

A)It is a basic and useful emotion.
B)It is considered to be a problem if it is out of proportion to real danger.
C)It is another word for anxiety.
D)It is a useful daily tool to cope with life.

Question 50

A condition that causes the sufferer to fear future threats,pushing out all other thoughts,is called

A)obsessive compulsive disorder.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)panic disorder.
D)simple phobia.

Question 51

People exposed to a higher number of traumatic life events than others typically

A)have greater vulnerabilities to future traumas.
B)develop better coping skills.
C)have a genetic predisposition to these events.
D)A and B

Question 52

Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder

A)include reexperiencing the trauma in dreams and intrusive memories.
B)include seeking out anything associated with the trauma.
C)will often decrease in intensity,but will never go away.
D)usually do not include symptoms of depression.

Question 53

Repetitive,hard-to-resist actions associated with obsessions are

A)delusions.
B)phobias.
C)hallucinations.
D)compulsions.

Question 54

A person with panic disorder

A)will eventually have agoraphobiA.
B)can function normally in feared situations as long as someone he trusts is with him.
C)will develop the disorder in her early teenage years.
D)may not realize how common panic attacks are;10% of Canadians experience them.

Question 55

An example of a simple phobia is fear of

A)dogs.
B)public speaking.
C)interaction.
D)embarrassment.

Question 56

An example of an obsession is

A)constant hand washing.
B)repeating someone's name five times every time you see her.
C)concern of contracting syphilis from a handshake.
D)repeatedly checking to see if the stove is turned off.

Question 57

An obsession is a _______________ thought.

A)rational,unwanted
B)cultivated,irrational
C)cultivated,rational
D)recurrent,unwanted

Question 58

Which of the following does NOT play a major part in psychological disorders?

A)genetics
B)culture
C)biology
D)They all play a major part.

Question 59

Symptoms of panic disorder typically include

A)a sudden drop in blood pressure.
B)a loss of physical equilibrium.
C)lethargy.
D)a depressed heart rate.

Question 60

Panic disorder is

A)a form of depression.
B)a mood disorder.
C)a characteristic of bipolar disorder.
D)a type of anxiety disorder.

Question 61

Which of the following attributes best characterizes manic behaviour?

A)classical depression
B)decreased sexual activity
C)extraordinary appetite
D)perpetual energy

Question 62

Manic disorders are characterized by

A)high energy levels.
B)the individual's limited vision of his or her potential.
C)slow,slurred speech.
D)very focused thinking.

Question 63

Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder include

A)loss of memory.
B)reexperiencing of trauma in dreams.
C)aggressive attempts to relive the stressful situation.
D)uncontrollable fear of humiliation.

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT a likely characteristic of a schizophrenic disorder?

A)auditory hallucinations
B)compulsive organization
C)delusions
D)deteriorating social functioning

Question 65

A treatment used for severe depression when other approaches fail is

A)psychoanalysis.
B)drug therapy.
C)electroconvulsive therapy.
D)herbal therapy.

Question 66

The preferred method of treatment for seasonal affective disorder is

A)psychotherapy.
B)light therapy.
C)hypnosis.
D)electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 67

Which of the following is a risk factor that increases the likelihood of suicide?

A)multiple minor health problems
B)suicide of a family member or friend
C)increased social interactions
D)obsession with social causes

Question 68

Which of the following is a characteristic of depression?

A)too much sleep
B)disturbed sleep
C)poor appetite and weight loss
D)overeating
E)All are characteristics of depression.

Question 69

The neurotransmitter that seems to be the most important in the treatment of depression is called

A)serotonin.
B)acetylcholine.
C)dopamine.
D)leutine.

Question 70

A drug commonly used to prevent mood swings associated with bipolar disorder is

A)thorazine.
B)Haldol.
C)amphetamines.
D)lithium carbonate.

Question 71

Which of the following is the best initial treatment for a person with moderate to severe depression?

A)drug therapy exclusively
B)electroconvulsive therapy
C)psychoanalysis and amphetamines
D)drug therapy combined with psychotherapy

Question 72

Which of the following is a characteristic of depression?

A)loss of pleasure in doing formerly pleasurable things
B)autonomy
C)obsession with exercise
D)increased social interaction

Question 73

Seasonal affective disorder

A)is more prevalent during the summer months.
B)is more prevalent among people living at higher latitudes.
C)has no effective treatment.
D)is more prevalent during seasons with more sunlight.

Question 74

The neurotransmitters _____________ and _____________ are responsible for mood,attentiveness level,and other psychological states.

A)serotonin;norepinephrine
B)serotonin;estrogen
C)estrogen;norepinephrine
D)endorphins;serotonin

Question 75

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for suicide?

A)a history of previous attempts
B)readily available means
C)addiction to alcohol or drugs
D)a high anxiety level

Question 76

What percentage of Canadians with depression seek treatment?

A)5 percent
B)10 percent
C)20 percent
D)35 percent

Question 77

Which of the following statements is TRUE about shyness?

A)It is the same as being introverted.
B)Shyness is often hidden from others.
C)It usually doesn't appear as part of a person's personality until adolescence.
D)Shy people are prevented from fulfilling their desire for social interaction by the actions of others.

Question 78

Post-traumatic stress disorder is most likely to occur after

A)rape.
B)nightmares.
C)failure in school.
D)prolonged compulsive behavior.

Question 79

A delusion is

A)similar to an auditory hallucination.
B)a form of disorganized thought.
C)a firmly held,false belief.
D)an obsession with a fantasy.

Question 80

Though ________ attempt suicide more often,________ succeed more often.

A)blacks;whites
B)adults;teenagers
C)women;men
D)Aboriginals;whites