Deck 4: Weight Management

Question 1

A condition called the female athlete triad consists of all of the following,EXCEPT

A)abnormal eating patterns.
B)premature osteoporosis.
C)amenorrhea.
D)muscle dysmorphia.

Answer 1

muscle dysmorphia.

Question 2

According to standards issued by the World Health Organization,a healthy BMI is between

A)12.5 and 18.4.
B)18.5 and 24.9.
C)25.0 and 29.9.
D)30.0 and 40.0.

Answer 2

18.5 and 24.9.

Question 3

A person with a body mass index of 18.2 is classified as

A)underweight.
B)normal weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.

Answer 3

underweight.

Question 4

What percentage of Canadians have a healthy body weight?

A)28 percent
B)38 percent
C)48 percent
D)58 percent

Question 5

A person with diabetes may benefit from all of the following,EXCEPT

A)increasing intake of refined carbohydrates.
B)increasing physical activity.
C)substituting monounsaturated for saturated fats.
D)increasing fiber intake.

Question 6

Which of the following are activities that use calories?

A)vital body functions
B)physical activity
C)food digestion
D)All of these activities use calories.

Question 7

All of the following are factors in the development of diabetes,EXCEPT

A)age.
B)obesity.
C)a diet high in protein.
D)physical inactivity.

Question 8

A person with a body mass index of 21.5 is classified as

A)underweight.
B)normal weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.

Question 9

Researchers frequently use BMI in conjunction with ____________ to examine the health risks associated with body weight.

A)caloric intake estimates
B)activity assessments
C)resting metabolic rate
D)waist circumference

Question 10

Results from consulting height-weight tables reflect

A)true percent body fat.
B)an accurate index of body composition.
C)a range of recommended body weights associated with the lowest mortality.
D)an accurate assessment of obesity.

Question 11

Psychological problems stemming from obesity include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)schizophrenia
C)body dissatisfaction.
D)low self-esteem.

Question 12

A person with a body mass index of 26.5 is classified as

A)underweight.
B)normal weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.

Question 13

People who tend to store body fat in the _________ are at increased risk for chronic disease.

A)thighs
B)buttocks
C)abdomen
D)hips

Question 14

Hydrostatic weighing is used to predict percent body fat based on

A)body mass index.
B)body density.
C)fat weight.
D)height and total body weight.

Question 15

A person with a body mass index of 31.2 is classified as

A)underweight.
B)normal weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about insulin resistance and pre-diabetes is TRUE?

A)About 10 percent of people with pre-diabetes will go on to develop type 2 diabetes.
B)Elevated blood glucose levels associated with pre-diabetes do not increase heart attack risk,but levels associated with full-blown diabetes do.
C)Risk of a heart attack or stroke is increased by 50 percent.
D)Treatment with medication is more important than lifestyle measures for people with pre-diabetes.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about genetic factors in obesity is TRUE?

A)The genetic contribution to obesity is about 75 percent.
B)The weight of an adopted child is more closely related to the weights of the adoptive parents than to the weights of the biological parents.
C)Researchers have identified a single gene responsible for obesity.
D)Genetic factors influence body fat distribution.

Question 18

A condition characterized by extreme dissatisfaction with appearance,body type,and/or body composition is

A)body dysmorphic disorder.
B)female athlete triad.
C)amenorrhea.
D)bipolar disorder.

Question 19

A female with a BMI value of 17.5 or less may be used as a diagnostic criterion for

A)obesity.
B)depression.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)diabetes.

Question 20

Type 2 diabetes

A)occurs in 1 in 25 Canadians.
B)is best prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising.
C)always requires insulin injections as a method of treatment.
D)has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Question 21

Which of the following is an appropriate use of food?

A)as an antidote for boredom
B)to alleviate loneliness
C)to satisfy hunger needs
D)as a pickup for fatigue

Question 22

What protects against weight gain and is essential for maintaining weight loss?

A)certain nutritional supplements
B)a 1,000-calories-per-day diet plan
C)physical activity
D)at least 8 glasses of water per day

Question 23

Which of the following is an effective strategy for successful weight management?

A)Choose foods with a low energy density and a high nutrient density.
B)Always check food labels for serving size,calories,and nutrient content.
C)Watch for hidden calories.
D)All of the above are effective strategies

Question 24

Most weight problems are problems of

A)metabolic disorders.
B)lifestyle.
C)emotional disorders.
D)childhood abuse.

Question 25

The largest component of metabolism is

A)metabolic equivalency rate.
B)resting metabolic rate.
C)base metabolic expenditure.
D)caloric expenditure rate.

Question 26

Which of the following characteristics should one look for in evaluating and selecting a diet book?

A)advocacy of special diets
B)advocacy of a balanced approach to diet plus exercise
C)claims that the book is based on scientific breakthroughs
D)recommendations to combine foods in special ways or to rotate levels of calorie intake to effect weight loss

Question 27

The greater the amount of muscle mass,the

A)lower the resting metabolic rate.
B)higher the resting metabolic rate.
C)more fat that is needed in the diet.
D)easier it is to gain weight.

Question 28

Even processed foods labeled "fat-free" or "reduced fat" may

A)be high in calories
B)contain hidden fats.
C)be as satisfying as high fat foods.
D)contain high levels of cholesterol.

Question 29

Which of the following patterns of eating is recommended for weight management?

A)one small meal per day
B)four to five small meals per day,including breakfast and snacks
C)three larger meals per day with no snacks
D)one large meal in the evening

Question 30

Fat substitutes

A)are not yet on the market.
B)can be carbohydrate-or protein-based.
C)generally contribute the same amount of calories per gram as fat.
D)are used only in dessert foods and snacks.

Question 31

A hormone thought to be linked to obesity is

A)leptin.
B)adrenalin.
C)epinephrine.
D)creatine.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of visceral fat?

A)It is located at waist level.
B)It contains many biologically active substances.
C)It is considered an active endocrine organ.
D)It is not associated with increased health risks.

Question 33

Recent research indicates that drinking more than one diet soda per day may be associated with

A)eating disorders.
B)nutritional deficiencies.
C)metabolic syndrome.
D)gum disease.

Question 34

A person's ongoing internal comments about events happening to him and around him is called

A)self-blame.
B)self-image.
C)self-esteem.
D)self-talk.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT related to obesity?

A)being of certain racial and ethnic groups
B)living in a city
C)family eating patterns
D)having a low income

Question 36

Exercise affects metabolic rate by doing all of the following,EXCEPT

A)increasing muscle mass.
B)increasing resting metabolic rate.
C)building strength during exercise.
D)burning calories during the exercise itself.

Question 37

An example of a snack low in energy density is

A)an apple.
B)crackers.
C)a cookie.
D)an ice cream cone.

Question 38

Which of the following books is most likely to contain valid weight-management information?

A)The High-Protein,High-Fat Diet
B)Secrets to a Thinner You Through Vitamins
C)The Five-Day Fat-Burning Program
D)The Physical Activity and Diet Weight-Loss Plan

Question 39

On average,North Americans exercise ____ minutes per day.

A)60
B)45
C)30
D)15

Question 40

Resting metabolic rate is

A)the energy required to maintain vital body functions.
B)the sum of all the processes by which food energy is used by the body.
C)the body's daily energy expenditure.
D)the energy required to digest fooD.

Question 41

Eating disorders in Canada affect

A)mostly adults.
B)mostly minorities.
C)mostly women.
D)all groups equally.

Question 42

Dissatisfaction with body image and weight is associated least with

A)below-average academic achievement.
B)perfectionist beliefs.
C)unreasonable demands for self-control.
D)excessive self-criticism.

Question 43

Which one of the following is MOST closely associated with anorexia nervosa?

A)a belief that one is overweight even when dangerously thin
B)uncontrollable binge eating
C)near-normal body weight
D)self-induced vomiting

Question 44

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging is

A)voluntary starvation.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 45

Prescription drugs are usually recommended only to people with a BMI over

A)15.
B)20.
C)30.
D)40.

Question 46

Which of the following does a commercial weight-loss program typically NOT provide?

A)group support
B)behaviour modification advice
C)outside recommendations for individualized nutrition plans
D)physical activity recommendations

Question 47

An initial step in the treatment of bulimia is

A)restoring body weight.
B)treating depression.
C)stabilizing eating patterns.
D)changing thought processes associated with body image.

Question 48

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight is

A)voluntary starvation.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 49

All of the following weight-management strategies are typical of participants in the National Weight Control Registry,EXCEPT

A)very-low-carbohydrate diets.
B)60 or more minutes of daily moderate physical activity.
C)diets moderate in calories and relatively low in fat.
D)frequent monitoring of food intake and body weight.

Question 50

A health problem associated with bulimia is

A)dry skin.
B)muscle wasting.
C)fine body hair.
D)tooth decay.

Question 51

Surgery for the severely obese is usually recommended only for individuals with a BMI over _____.

A)30
B)40
C)45
D)50

Question 52

To lose one kilogram,you need to create a negative energy balance of _____ calories.

A)500
B)1,000
C)3,500
D)7,000

Question 53

The crucial first step in the treatment of anorexia is to

A)change the person's body image.
B)provide vitamin supplements.
C)restore adequate body weight.
D)initiate psychological support.

Question 54

Adverse effects of ephedra include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)panic attacks.
B)nausea.
C)seizures.
D)lethargy.

Question 55

What is the over-the-counter,lower dose version of the prescription fat-blocking drug Orlistat?

A)sibutramine
B)Alli
C)leptin
D)phentermine

Question 56

The fibre in diet pills

A)satisfies a person's normal daily fibre requirement.
B)has been clinically demonstrated to facilitate weight loss.
C)provides dietary fibre and suppresses appetite.
D)acts as a bulking agent in the large intestine and not in the stomach.

Question 57

Characteristics of bulimia include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)fear of becoming fat.
B)significant weight loss.
C)bingeing followed by purging.
D)concern about control.

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of binge-eating disorder?

A)eating more rapidly than normal
B)eating when not hungry
C)eating alone
D)purging

Question 59

A health risk associated with anorexia nervosa is

A)low blood pressure.
B)eroded tooth enamel.
C)chronic hoarseness.
D)stomach rupture.

Question 60

Fear of fat is most strongly associated with

A)anorexia nervosA.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)binge-eating disorder.
D)restrictive dieting.

Question 61

All of the following are types of body fat,EXCEPT:

A)subcutaneous fat.
B)visceral fat.
C)ectopic fat.
D)topical fat.

Question 62

Approximately how many female high school and postsecondary students have either anorexia or bulimia?

A)1%
B)3%
C)8%
D)15%

Question 63

Approximately how many people worldwide are affected by diabetes?

A)200 million
B)250 million
C)300 million
D)350 million

Question 64

Approximately what percentage of total body fat is subcutaneous fat?

A)20 percent
B)40 percent
C)60 percent
D)80 percent

Question 65

What percentage of Canadian adults are overweight?

A)17 percent
B)27 percent
C)37 percent
D)47 percent

Question 66

What percentage of Canadian adults are obese?

A)14 percent
B)24 percent
C)34 percent
D)44 percent

Question 67

Diabetes is associated with all of the following,EXCEPT:

A)kidney failure.
B)seizures.
C)amputations.
D)blindness.

Question 68

Visceral fat accounts for approximately _____ percent of total body fat in men.

A)5-10 percent
B)10-20 percent
C)15-25 percent
D)25-30 percent

Question 69

What type of fat is located just below the skin?

A)subcutaneous
B)visceral
C)topical
D)ectopic

Question 70

Diabetes is the ____________ leading cause of death in Canada.

A)3^rd
B)4^th
C)5^th
D)6^th

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a scanning procedure used to determine body composition?

A)computed tomography (CT)
B)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C)dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
D)electrical impedance anlaysis

Question 72

All of the following are common ways of assessing body composition,EXCEPT:

A)hydrostatic (underwater)weighing.
B)skinfold measurements.
C)electrical impedance analysis.
D)observation.

Question 73

Visceral fat accounts for approximately _____ percent of total body fat in women.

A)6 percent
B)10 percent
C)13 percent
D)17 percent

Question 74

Obesity is associated with all of the following health risks,EXCEPT?

A)hypotension.
B)impaired immune function.
C)gallbladder and kidney diseases.
D)impotence.

Question 75

Approximately what percentage of individuals with type 2 diabetes are unaware that they have the condition?

A)10 percent
B)15 percent
C)20 percent
D)25 percent

Question 76

Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

A)smoking
B)low-fibre diet
C)overweight or obesity
D)inactivity

Question 77

What type of fat is embedded within the mesentery surrounding the abdominal organs?

A)subcutaneous
B)visceral
C)topical
D)ectopic

Question 78

Symptoms of diabetes include all of the following,EXCEPT:

A)blurred vision.
B)extreme fatigue.
C)frequent infections.
D)infrequent urination.

Question 79

What type of fat is located on or within organs,such as the liver,heart,and brain?

A)subcutaneous
B)visceral
C)topical
D)ectopic

Question 80

Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate BMI?

A)Body Weight (kilograms)divided by Height Squared (metres)
B)Height (metres)divided by Body Weight (kilograms)
C)Body Weight (pounds)divided by Height Squared (inches)
D)Height Squared (metres)divided by Body Weight (kilograms)