Deck 6: Contraception

Question 1

_______________ has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates of all developed nations.

A)Germany
B)The United States
C)France
D)Sweden

Answer 1

The United States

Question 2

The continuation rate of a contraceptive is determined by the percentage of

A)people who keep using a particular contraceptive after a specified period of time.
B)women who cannot become pregnant once they have stopped using a contraceptive.
C)women who become pregnant while using a contraceptive.
D)people who use more than one method of contraception in a single year.

Answer 2

people who keep using a particular contraceptive after a specified period of time.

Question 3

All of the following are TRUE about the minipill,EXCEPT that

A)it contains no estrogen.
B)it contains a small dose of a synthetic progesterone.
C)it has more side effects and health risks than other hormonal contraceptives.
D)it should be taken every day of the month at the same time of day.

Answer 3

it has more side effects and health risks than other hormonal contraceptives.

Question 4

Oral contraceptives primarily prevent conception by

A)reducing the number of sperm that penetrate the cervix by thickening cervical mucus.
B)blocking sperm from reaching the ovum.
C)changing the acidity of the vaginal canal.
D)preventing ovulation by mimicking the hormonal activity of the corpus luteum.

Question 5

When a woman is using an oral contraceptive,she can use the word ACHES to remind her of preliminary danger signals.What does the "A" stand for?

A)alert
B)abscess
C)abdominal pain
D)allergic reaction

Question 6

Which of the following statements about oral contraceptives is TRUE?

A)They are effective only because they prevent ovulation.
B)Full protection is provided by oral contraceptives after three days of use.
C)The most common type of oral contraceptive contains both estrogen and progesterone.
D)A significant risk of pregnancy exists even if oral contraceptives are taken as directed.

Question 7

A woman is usually advised to start the first cycle of oral contraceptive pills with a menstrual period.Full effectiveness of oral contraceptives is then established

A)after the first pill is taken.
B)after one week of use.
C)after one month of use.
D)after three months of use.

Question 8

In addition to hormone pills,most oral contraceptive packets also include

A)one week of "placebo" pills.
B)postcoital pills.
C)alternative contraceptive methods.
D)instructions for the Billings method.

Question 9

A main advantage of oral contraceptives is the

A)high degree of effectiveness.
B)high continuation rate.
C)low cost.
D)regularity of periods.

Question 10

Oral contraceptives decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT

A)benign breast disease.
B)painful periods.
C)ovarian,colon,and rectal cancers.
D)sexually transmitted infections.

Question 11

The most common type of oral contraceptive is the

A)minipill.
B)combination pill.
C)morning-after pill.
D)emergency contraceptive pill.

Question 12

Which of the following actions will reduce the health risks associated with the use of oral contraceptives?

A)using a high-dosage pill
B)having annual mammograms
C)eating a high-protein diet
D)stopping smoking

Question 13

The benefit of taking oral contraceptives with smaller doses of estrogen is

A)higher effectiveness.
B)a higher sperm "kill" rate.
C)fewer health risks.
D)a lower likelihood of contracting STIs.

Question 14

The "typical use" contraceptive failure rate is based on studies that measure the percentage of women experiencing unintended pregnancy in the first

A)six months of use.
B)one year of use.
C)two years of use.
D)five years of use.

Question 15

A contraceptive that physically blocks the sperm from reaching the egg is a

A)barrier method.
B)hormonal method.
C)natural method.
D)surgical method.

Question 16

Oral contraception is NOT recommended for women with

A)a low resting heart rate.
B)an intense exercise regimen.
C)a history of asthma.
D)a history of blood clots.

Question 17

Compliance seems higher for the contraceptive skin patch than for oral contraceptives because

A)the skin patch is easier to obtain.
B)it is safer than oral contraceptives.
C)the patch requires weekly instead of daily action.
D)the patch is cheaper.

Question 18

The Ortho Evra contraceptive skin patch is worn for _______________ before being replaced.

A)three days
B)one week
C)two weeks
D)one month

Question 19

The Ortho Evra contraceptive skin patch can be worn on any of the following places EXCEPT the

A)upper outer arm.
B)abdomen.
C)breasts.
D)buttocks.

Question 20

A contraceptive that permanently prevents the union of the sperm and egg is a

A)barrier method.
B)hormonal method.
C)natural method.
D)surgical method.

Question 21

Which of the following statements about polyurethane condoms is TRUE?

A)Males with a latex allergy will also be allergic to polyurethane condoms.
B)They are made of the same material as lambskin condoms.
C)They are less likely to slip off during sexual activity than are latex condoms.
D)They are more likely to break than are latex condoms.

Question 22

All of the following are advantages of condoms EXCEPT

A)being relatively inexpensive.
B)being available without prescription.
C)being as effective as oral contraceptives.
D)helping prevent the transmission of HIV.

Question 23

Which of the following statements about condoms prelubricated with nonoxynol-9 is TRUE?

A)They are no more effective than ones without spermicide.
B)They decrease the risk of HIV transmission.
C)They cost less than non-lubricated condoms.
D)They prevent urinary tract infections.

Question 24

At what time during a woman's cycle should she insert a vaginal contraceptive ring?

A)any time after her menses is finished
B)after she has ovulated
C)right before she enters menses
D)any time during the first five days of her menstrual cycle

Question 25

A disadvantage of Depo-Provera is that

A)it has a relatively high failure rate.
B)during use,it produces many estrogen-related side effects.
C)after use is discontinued,infertility may result for up to twelve months.
D)it may cause permanent infertility.

Question 26

The Nexplanon implant is a _______________ contraceptive.

A)barrier
B)natural
C)surgical
D)hormonal

Question 27

To further enhance the general effectiveness of a condom in preventing pregnancy,one should

A)use a spermicidal foam just prior to intercourse.
B)use a vaginal spermicide after intercourse.
C)store condoms in a warm location.
D)use a condom made out of lambskin.

Question 28

The most widely used barrier method of contraception is the

A)female condom.
B)male condom.
C)diaphragm.
D)cervical cap.

Question 29

Which of the following statements about IUDs is FALSE?

A)IUDs are highly reliable.
B)IUDs have only localized side effects.
C)IUD use is easily reversible.
D)IUD use does not require a health care provider.

Question 30

Depo-Provera is administered by

A)mouth.
B)injection.
C)implant.
D)suppository.

Question 31

The threads that are attached to the IUD and protrude through the cervix serve to

A)allow the woman to remove the IUD.
B)allow the woman to check that the IUD is in place.
C)act as a barrier to sperm.
D)provide penile stimulation during intercourse.

Question 32

Which of the following statements about IUDs is TRUE?

A)IUDs do not offer protection against STIs.
B)IUDs terminate rather than prevent pregnancy.
C)IUDs are suitable for women with suspected pregnancy.
D)IUDs are not recommended for women who have never had a child.

Question 33

After insertion,the NuvaRing (vaginal contraceptive ring)is left in the vagina for _______________ before removal.

A)six hours
B)one day
C)one week
D)three weeks

Question 34

The Nexplanon implant is effective for how long?

A)one year
B)three years
C)five years
D)eight years

Question 35

The NuvaRing offers pregnancy protection for how long?

A)one week
B)one month
C)six months
D)one year

Question 36

Current evidence suggests that the IUD ParaGard prevents pregnancy primarily by

A)stopping ovulation.
B)creating a sperm barrier.
C)causing a spontaneous abortion.
D)preventing fertilization.

Question 37

IUDs are not recommended for women with certain conditions.Which of the following is NOT among those conditions?

A)hormonally responsive cancers
B)past pregnancies
C)tumors of the uterus
D)unexplained vaginal bleeding

Question 38

Which of the following is a progestin-only contraceptive,providing no estrogen?

A)Ortho Evra
B)vaginal contraceptive ring
C)oral contraceptives
D)Depo-Provera

Question 39

Early IUD danger signals include all of the following EXCEPT

A)migraines with vision loss.
B)abdominal pain.
C)foul vaginal discharge.
D)unusual vaginal bleeding.

Question 40

Which of the following statements about IUDs and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)is TRUE?

A)PID rates are high for IUD users during the first six months of use.
B)PID is typically limited to women who have a history of spontaneous abortions.
C)Most cases of PID among IUD users can be treated with antibiotics.
D)IUD use reduces the risk of PID in most women.

Question 41

The disadvantages of the contraceptive sponge include all of the following EXCEPT

A)no use during menstruation.
B)an association with toxic shock syndrome.
C)lower doses of spermicide than other methods.
D)difficulty with removal.

Question 42

All of the following are considered "natural" forms of contraception EXCEPT

A)fertility awareness.
B)withdrawal.
C)abstinence.
D)tubal sterilization.

Question 43

The function of a diaphragm is to

A)cover the cervix and block access to the uterus.
B)block the fallopian tubes.
C)impair the swimming action of the sperm.
D)provide a sheath-like lining for the vagina.

Question 44

A small,flexible cup that fits over the cervix and serves as a barrier to sperm is a(n)

A)contraceptive sponge.
B)IUD.
C)female condom.
D)cervical cap.

Question 45

What is the BEST explanation of why men have historically taken less responsibility for contraception than women have?

A)Women have refused to share the decision-making power for contraception with men.
B)There is a social stigma associated with men's use of contraceptives.
C)The use of contraceptives cannot protect men from STIs.
D)The consequences of not using contraception are more serious for women than for men.

Question 46

One advantage of a cervical cap over a diaphragm is that it

A)does not require being fitted by a health care provider.
B)can be used by women with recurrent urinary tract infections.
C)may be left in place for up to one week.
D)provides more protection against HIV infection.

Question 47

Because body heat is needed to dissolve and activate contraceptive suppositories,

A)it is important not to use them during cold weather.
B)they are diluted by perspiration.
C)they are not as effective for women with a core body temperature under 98 degrees.
D)it is important to wait at least 15 minutes after insertion before engaging in intercourse.

Question 48

Which of the following is a reason that diaphragms have a relatively high failure rate?

A)age of users
B)incorrect insertion and positioning
C)vigorous sexual activity by users
D)discomfort of use

Question 49

Vaginal spermicides must be inserted no more than _______________ minutes before intercourse.

A)30
B)60
C)90
D)120

Question 50

The female condom

A)is inserted completely into the vagina with none of it remaining outside.
B)can be inserted up to eight hours before intercourse.
C)does not require lubrication or spermicide.
D)should not be used by persons who have an allergy to latex.

Question 51

After intercourse,a diaphragm should be left in for at least

A)one hour.
B)six hours.
C)eight hours.
D)twelve hours.

Question 52

The life span of an unfertilized egg is about _______________ hours.

A)12
B)24
C)48
D)72

Question 53

How long can a diaphragm and spermicide be inserted prior to intercourse before additional spermicide must be reapplied?

A)a few minutes
B)one hour
C)two hours
D)six hours

Question 54

Vaginal contraceptive film is a type of

A)IUD.
B)cervical cap.
C)spermicidal suppository.
D)condom.

Question 55

If a condom breaks,an appropriate strategy for reducing the risk of pregnancy is to

A)douche right after intercourse.
B)insert a vaginal contraceptive ring.
C)use emergency contraception.
D)switch to an oil-based lubricant.

Question 56

The advantages of the contraceptive sponge include all of the following,EXCEPT that it

A)may be left in place for 24 hours.
B)can be used multiple times.
C)can be obtained without a prescription.
D)is comfortable and unobtrusive.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the female condom?

A)The female condom is less expensive than the male condom.
B)The female condom gives a woman more personal control over contraception and STI protection.
C)The female condom can be inserted before sexual activity and is,therefore,less disruptive than male condoms.
D)The female condom offers potential protection against genital warts and herpes.

Question 58

The temperature method of birth control is based on the knowledge that a woman's body temperature goes

A)up slightly just before ovulation and down slightly after ovulation.
B)down slightly just before ovulation and up slightly after ovulation.
C)up slightly just before menstruation and down slightly after menstruation.
D)down slightly just before menstruation and up slightly after menstruation.

Question 59

Contraceptive foams,creams,and jellies must be inserted

A)deep in the vagina near the cervix.
B)in the uterus.
C)at the vaginal opening.
D)close to the fallopian tubes.

Question 60

A disadvantage of diaphragms is that

A)a high percentage of women are allergic to them.
B)they require the use of a spermicide.
C)you must wait to insert them until just before intercourse.
D)you must remove them and clean them immediately after intercourse.

Question 61

Surgical severing of the ducts that carry the sperm to the seminal vesicles is called

A)tubal ligation.
B)tubal severing.
C)vasectomy.
D)circumcision.

Question 62

The U.S.rate of teen pregnancy is much lower than the rate in other developed countries.

Question 63

Contraceptive failure rate is based on studies that directly measure the percentage of women who experience unintended pregnancy in the first year of contraceptive use.

Question 64

Withdrawal has relatively low effectiveness as a contraceptive method because of the presence of

A)epididymis.
B)urine.
C)cervical mucus.
D)preejaculatory fluid.

Question 65

Barrier methods of contraception work by blocking the sperm from reaching the ovum.

Question 66

If a woman is using the temperature method of birth control,she will calculate that her safe period will begin

A)three days after the rise in basil body temperature.
B)three days after the drop in basil body temperature.
C)seven days after the rise in basil body temperature.
D)seven days after the drop in basil body temperature.

Question 67

Tubal sterilization or tubal ligation entails the severing or blocking of the

A)uterus.
B)testes.
C)vas deferens.
D)oviducts.

Question 68

Regarding the availability of Plan B One-Step emergency contraception,which of the following statements is accurate?

A)Emergency contraceptives are available over-the-counter for everyone,but not all pharmacies carry them.
B)All physicians will prescribe emergency contraceptives for their patients if asked.
C)Emergency contraceptives are available only by prescription and only for people over the age of 17.
D)Emergency contraceptives are available at most convenience stores.

Question 69

After the birth of their second child,married couple Abbey and Joe cannot decide if they want to have more children.If they do,they want to wait at least five years.Abbey wants to choose a method of birth control that is convenient and economical,and that requires little effort to use.Based on the factors that are important to Abbey and Joe,the best choice for them is

A)the male condom.
B)the ParaGard IUD.
C)a diaphragm.
D)reversible sterilization.

Question 70

Kristen has been recently diagnosed as having decreased bone density.She is sexually active with her boyfriend.Which type of hormonal contraceptive should she AVOID because it may reduce her bone density further?

A)minipill
B)NuvaRing
C)Depo-Provera
D)combination pill

Question 71

Surgical removal of the uterus is called a(n)

A)vasectomy.
B)hysterectomy.
C)laparoscopy.
D)abortion.

Question 72

Hormonal methods of contraception work primarily by blocking implantation.

Question 73

Kate and LaMar are 19-year-old college students who are beginning a sexual relationship.Both have had previous partners,and neither has been tested for STIs.Which of the following contraceptive methods are Kate and LaMar most likely to use?

A)Depo-Provera
B)latex male condom
C)IUD
D)diaphragm

Question 74

Which of the following statements about male sterilization is TRUE?

A)The procedure has significantly higher risk for physical complications than does female sterilization.
B)It requires another form of birth control to be used until a sperm-free sample of ejaculate is obtained.
C)It is immediately effective.
D)It is performed under general anesthesia.

Question 75

Which of the following is a characteristic of cervical secretions observed during the estrogenic phase?

A)clear,thick mucus
B)cloudy,sticky mucus
C)clear,slippery mucus
D)cloudy,slippery mucus

Question 76

Surgical birth control methods are considered permanent.

Question 77

Which of the following statements about tubal sterilization is TRUE?

A)The procedure normally requires 2-3 days' hospitalization.
B)It is a less risky procedure than vasectomy is.
C)Reversibility rates are high.
D)Serious complications from the procedure are rare.

Question 78

The Essure female sterilization system works by

A)releasing steady doses of hormones that block ovulation.
B)forming a barrier that prevents sperm from entering the cervix.
C)causing scar tissue to form over implants and block the fallopian tubes.
D)changing the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation.

Question 79

The most commonly used oral contraceptive is the combination pill.

Question 80

Though the effectiveness decreases as more time elapses,emergency contraception can be taken up to _______________ hours after unprotected intercourse.

A)12
B)48
C)72
D)120