Deck 1: Taking Charge of Your Health

Question 1

The dominant focus of U.S.government health policies is

A)improvement of physicians' education.
B)prevention of poor health behaviors.
C)rehabilitation of patients.
D)lowering of treatment costs.

Answer 1

prevention of poor health behaviors.

Question 2

The top three causes of death among Americans aged 15 to 24 are

A)accidents,suicide,and homicide.
B)accidents,smoking,and cancer.
C)homicide,cancer,and accidents.
D)smoking,homicide,and suicide.

Answer 2

accidents,suicide,and homicide.

Question 3

The way a person interacts with people of a different religion,ethnicity,or sexual orientation is an aspect of

A)interpersonal wellness.
B)spiritual wellness.
C)emotional wellness.
D)cultural wellness.

Answer 3

cultural wellness.

Question 4

Financial wellness includes a person's ability to

A)find happiness on the job.
B)balance income and expenses in a comfortable way.
C)avoid hazards in the workplace that might cause stress.
D)earn enough money to leave a regular occupation.

Question 5

Which of the following is currently America's number one cause of death?

A)accidents
B)cancer
C)heart disease
D)suicide

Question 6

During the twentieth century the average life span

A)did not change significantly.
B)increased slightly.
C)nearly doubled.
D)nearly tripled.

Question 7

Protecting yourself from exposure to toxic substances in the workplace is an example of _______________ wellness.

A)environmental
B)intellectual
C)spiritual
D)occupational

Question 8

During the past 100 years,the major causes of death have shifted from _______________ to _______________.

A)infectious diseases;chronic diseases
B)accidents;infectious diseases
C)chronic diseases;infectious diseases
D)chronic diseases;accidents

Question 9

Which of the following most contributes to one's physical wellness,as opposed to one of the other dimensions?

A)being open to new ideas
B)eating a balanced diet
C)maintaining an optimistic attitude
D)maintaining satisfying relationships

Question 10

The single most important factor in determining an individual's level of wellness is

A)age.
B)lifestyle.
C)environment.
D)genetics.

Question 11

Spiritual wellness is best described as having

A)a strong support network of family and friends.
B)beliefs that give meaning and purpose to life.
C)the ability to express oneself creatively.
D)the ability to share one's feelings.

Question 12

Adam's parents are not concerned about their son's ability to adapt to college because he is curious,demonstrates an openness to ideas,and looks for solutions to problems.These qualities are reflective of Adam's _______________ wellness.

A)emotional
B)intellectual
C)interpersonal
D)spiritual

Question 13

A goal of Healthy People 2020 is to

A)shift focus to environmental factors instead of social factors in determining health.
B)eliminate health disparities among Americans.
C)increase life expectancy beyond 100 years.
D)reduce the amount of profit health care providers make.

Question 14

Occupational wellness can be measured by how much _______________ your job offers.

A)fulfillment
B)money
C)status
D)work

Question 15

Optimism,trust,and self-confidence are components of

A)emotional wellness.
B)interpersonal wellness.
C)cultural wellness.
D)spiritual wellness.

Question 16

The nine dimensions of wellness

A)are out of most people's control.
B)are interrelated.
C)demonstrate the separation of mind and body.
D)are static and unchangeable.

Question 17

Which of the following lifestyle choices can lead to development of all of the major chronic diseases (though not simultaneously)?

A)alcohol consumption
B)poor financial health
C)tobacco use
D)poor eating habits

Question 18

The health determinant that we have LEAST control over is

A)diet.
B)exercise.
C)genetic makeup.
D)tobacco use.

Question 19

The nine dimensions of wellness include all of the following EXCEPT

A)dietary wellness.
B)emotional wellness.
C)environmental wellness.
D)spiritual wellness.

Question 20

Lifestyle factors that contribute to heart disease include

A)a sedentary lifestyle.
B)cigarette smoking.
C)excess consumption of alcohol.
D)all of these.

Question 21

When compared to the overall U.S.population,Asian Americans have

A)higher rates of obesity.
B)higher rates of alcohol abuse.
C)lower rates of coronary disease.
D)shorter life expectancies.

Question 22

John,an African American student,has chosen to incorporate exercise into his daily routine to prevent health issues.Based exclusively on his ethnicity,which of the following is the most likely basis for his decision?

A)high risk of developing lung cancer
B)high risk of developing elevated blood pressure and obesity
C)high risk of depression that leads to suicide
D)high risk of gallbladder disease

Question 23

Which of the following is the best way to start changing an unhealthy behavior?

A)Identify and try to eliminate related behaviors that are affecting the target behavior.
B)Put family members in charge of tracking your behavioral changes.
C)Reduce the number of activities you take on so that you can better focus on change.
D)Choose a single target behavior and work only on it.

Question 24

Which of the following threatens severe weather change and the extinction of species on a global scale?

A)acid rain
B)light pollution
C)climate change
D)inorganic pesticides

Question 25

Donna is about 25 pounds overweight,has tried a variety of diets,and has repeatedly failed to maintain her weight loss.She explains her weight by noting that almost all her relatives are overweight and none has ever been successful with attempts to lose weight.Donna can best be described as having

A)high self-efficacy.
B)a lack of self-talk.
C)an external locus of control.
D)an inability to visualize short term.

Question 26

People with disabilities are more likely to

A)be overweight.
B)exercise regularly.
C)have cancer.
D)have HIV.

Question 27

Which of the following actions is not advisable in a plan to change a behavior for better health?

A)attempting to change more than one behavior at a time
B)identifying cues to behaviors
C)incorporating rewards for reaching goals
D)making slow,systematic changes in behavior

Question 28

Gay,lesbian,bisexual,and transgender teens are at high risk for

A)asthma.
B)cancer.
C)diabetes.
D)suicide.

Question 29

The following are all environmental factors that affect your health EXCEPT the

A)air you breathe.
B)amount of crime in your community.
C)genetic make-up of your body.
D)water you drink.

Question 30

Eduardo has identified gambling as a target behavior because it is interfering with his schoolwork.To aid him in stopping this particularly challenging behavior,it is likely that he will need to

A)buy a self-help book.
B)find outside help.
C)spend more time with his friends.
D)use a self-management approach.

Question 31

Women have higher rates than men of which of the following risk factors for poorer health?

A)smoking
B)drinking
C)lower earnings
D)delayed doctor visits

Question 32

The first step in improving wellness through lifestyle management is to

A)ask friends what you should improve.
B)ask your family for assistance.
C)conduct a self-assessment.
D)sign up for a group program.

Question 33

Which of the following statements regarding the health of diverse population groups is TRUE?

A)African Americans suffer from a higher infant mortality rate than the general population.
B)American Indians suffer from lower rates of death related to smoking and alcohol than the general population.
C)Pacific Islanders suffer from lower death rates related to obesity than the general population.
D)Latinos tend to suffer from higher rates of suicide than the general population.

Question 34

Those with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on

A)fate or luck.
B)heredity.
C)their family's status.
D)their own actions.

Question 35

When evaluating health topics on the Internet,be sure to check the

A)most popular blogs first.
B)latest media post on the topic.
C)qualifications of the site's authors.
D)testimonials page of the website.

Question 36

Income and education are closely linked with health status.The _______________ the poverty rate and the _______________ the education level,the more likely it is a group will have poor health.

A)higher;higher
B)higher;lower
C)lower;higher
D)lower;lower

Question 37

A target behavior can best be defined as

A)a behavior that is the focus of your behavior change plan.
B)a friend's behavior that you urge him or her to change.
C)a lifelong habit you want to stop immediately.
D)several bad,interrelated habits in need of change.

Question 38

The technique of visualizing yourself engaging in a new,healthier behavior is one of the best ways to

A)boost your confidence.
B)improve physical strength.
C)keep an eye on your future.
D)externalize your locus of control.

Question 39

The belief in one's ability to be successful in the performance of a given task is termed

A)self-concept.
B)self-efficacy.
C)self-esteem.
D)self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 40

The complete set of genetic material in an individual's cells is referred to as her or his

A)genes.
B)genome.
C)proteome.
D)RNA.

Question 41

Obstacles in the process of behavior change

A)are a sign of failure in the pursuit of a new behavior.
B)should be avoided,if possible,in the pursuit of a new behavior.
C)are a natural part of the behavior change process.
D)are a sign that the behavior management plan was unrealistic.

Question 42

The best plan for behavior change

A)begins with a negative self-assessment and self-talk.
B)concentrates on several interrelated behaviors.
C)refuses to tolerate temporary setbacks.
D)sets goals,anticipates problems,and includes rewards.

Question 43

During a "stages of change" behavior change program,some people may relapse.If this happens to you,the best strategy is to

A)choose a different behavior to change.
B)give up on changing your behavior.
C)forgive yourself and move on.
D)start over from the beginning.

Question 44

Your chances of success in changing a behavior increase if you

A)set a very ambitious goal.
B)ignore related habits.
C)get those close to you involved.
D)focus on short-term benefits instead of long-term benefits.

Question 45

A strategy to increase your chances of success in the pursuit of a new behavior is to

A)find a new behavior to change if you experience a temporary failure.
B)visualize attaining your goal and enjoying the benefits of the change.
C)rationalize temporary setbacks to minimize feelings of failure.
D)stick with the program even during periods of high stress.

Question 46

Entries made into a health journal about a behavior should always note all of the following EXCEPT

A)how you feel at the time the behavior occurs.
B)what the activity is when you perform the behavior.
C)when and where the behavior happens.
D)when you anticipate the behavior next occurring.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for maintaining behavior change?

A)assessing stress levels
B)rationalizing failure
C)evaluating social influences
D)changing techniques

Question 48

With regard to one's health,which one of the following elements is most within an individual's control?

A)heredity
B)health care
C)environment
D)behavior

Question 49

The precontemplation stage is characterized by

A)a belief that there is no need for change.
B)an outward modification of behavior.
C)planning for change.
D)an awareness of the problem.

Question 50

Rewards included in health action plans should

A)reinforce your efforts.
B)be provided only when you reach your overall goal.
C)come in the form of food or alcohol.
D)be given only when someone notices your success.

Question 51

Anne wants to lose weight.She is keeping a health journal to record her progress.To achieve her goal of weight loss,she can use the observations in her journal to answer which of the following questions?

A)How many behaviors in my life are serious health threats?
B)When am I most likely to overeat?
C)What behavior do I want to change?
D)What will be the consequences of not changing my risky health behavior?

Question 52

Janae has the goal of exercising at least 30 minutes a day,five days a week,in order to lose ten pounds within three months.According to the "SMART" criteria,the detail about three months makes her goals

A)realistic.
B)specific.
C)time-frame specific.
D)attainable.

Question 53

Which of the following is the order of steps to follow to create a personalized plan for change?

A)analyze data,monitor behavior,devise plan of action,set goals,make a personal contract
B)devise plan of action,set goals,monitor behavior,analyze data,make a personal contract
C)make a personal contract,set goals,devise plan of action,monitor behavior,analyze data
D)monitor behavior,analyze data,set goals,devise plan of action,make a personal contract

Question 54

Writing a personal contract for behavior change involves all of the following EXCEPT

A)setting a date to begin.
B)stating your goal.
C)identifying the steps to be used to measure progress.
D)identifying the consequences of failure to reach the goal.

Question 55

Allan was born in and has lived his whole live in a rural area.Which of the following is most likely to be true about him when compared to the general population?

A)He is more likely to wear his seatbelt when driving.
B)He is less likely to die of injury.
C)He is more likely to be physically active.
D)He is less likely to seek preventive care.

Question 56

Marta has a very general desire to be healthier.Which of the following is the best first step for her to take in moving toward that goal?

A)contemplate how unhappy she is
B)seek to motivate by considering the long-term benefits of being healthy
C)choose two unhealthy behaviors and make goals for change
D)ask family members what they may have seen and thought about her lifestyle choices

Question 57

A primary purpose of developing a personal contract for behavior change is to

A)commit you to your word on modifying your behavior.
B)notify others of your intent to change your behavior.
C)prioritize the behaviors that you are considering changing.
D)assess your motivation for changing a health behavior.

Question 58

Someone you know at work who is attempting to lose weight has been repeatedly "derailed" by coworkers who leave high-calorie snacks in the kitchen every day.It would be fair to say that this person does NOT

A)have the desire to change.
B)have the support to change.
C)have the skills to change.
D)have the knowledge to change.

Question 59

To help ensure success with a behavior change program,you should

A)set a general goal,such as "lose weight."
B)develop a reward system.
C)avoid setting a time frame.
D)reward yourself only when you reach your goal.

Question 60

Which of the following statements about the Affordable Care Act (ACA)is TRUE?

A)Being a student disqualifies a person from being eligible for Medicaid.
B)"Catastrophic" health plans are available for people over the age of 30.
C)The majority of people are able to avoid a penalty if they choose not to get a health plan.
D)Preventive health services are covered completely by ACA plans.

Question 61

Which of the following of Carla's characteristics would most help her succeed in balancing her time so that she can study,be active on campus,and have fun with her friends?

A)an internal locus of control
B)an ability to resist rewards
C)her ability to persuade friends to do as she asks
D)her rigid application of a plan without allowing for alterations

Question 62

Self-confidence is one characteristic of a person who possesses good emotional health.

Question 63

Length of life is synonymous with quality of life.

Question 64

Knowledge about health is all you need to undertake a behavior change.

Question 65

Some behaviors are too deeply rooted to be changed through independent self-management techniques alone.

Question 66

Most health problems occur at the same rate for men and women.

Question 67

Only a person who is devoutly religious is assured of good spiritual health.

Question 68

Prior to the twentieth century,a person was most likely to die of a chronic disease.

Question 69

The first step in behavior change is to make a plan for the change.

Question 70

If Carla succeeds in improving her target area of wellness,she will most likely see a corresponding improvement in her _______________ wellness.

A)financial
B)environmental
C)emotional
D)occupational

Question 71

The concept of wellness defines health as the absence of disease.

Question 72

Carla began her behavior change process by making a plan to spend more time with her friends but soon found that her plan didn't seem to be working well.Which of the following is the most likely reason that Carla's plan is not working as she expected?

A)Carla made a plan before monitoring and evaluating her schedule.
B)Carla is not adequately motivated to change her behavior.
C)Carla is more committed to her activities than to her friends.
D)Carla has an external locus of control.

Question 73

Carla's unhappiness because of her inability to spend more time with her friends indicates that her level of ________ wellness is suffering.

A)spiritual
B)interpersonal
C)emotional
D)intellectual

Question 74

Good communication skills are an important aspect of interpersonal wellness.

Question 75

One goal of Healthy People 2020 is to eliminate health disparities among Americans.

Question 76

Groups who have high poverty rates often have the worst health status.

Question 77

If Carla manages to implement a successful plan for changing the way she tends to ignore friends for other obligations,which of the following will be least helpful in helping her stick with it?

A)changing her goal to increase motivation
B)changing her technique if the original plan's technique isn't working
C)trying to get some of her friends to change their behaviors
D)avoiding rationalizations about how important her obligations are

Question 78

The short-term benefits of behavior change can be important as a motivating force.

Question 79

Poor lifestyle choices can be directly linked to many American deaths in the late-20^th century.

Question 80

Healthy People 2020 reflects a new focus on health determinants as factors that affect overall health.