Deck 22: Aging: A Vital Process

Question 1

Age-related loss of muscle mass,strength,and function is called

A)osteoporosis.
B)glaucoma.
C)sarcopenia.
D)arthritis.

Answer 1

sarcopenia.

Question 2

Which of the following is a sign of potential alcohol or drug dependence in older adults?

A)depression
B)unexplained falls
C)malnutrition
D)all of these

Answer 2

all of these

Question 3

Juan is in his late teens.To prepare for the aging process,he should

A)assess his financial status.
B)reevaluate his health insurance plans.
C)establish good health habits.
D)develop important relationships.

Answer 3

establish good health habits.

Question 4

All of the following are TRUE about older adults,EXCEPT that they

A)tend to have lower blood pressure.
B)are more susceptible to foodborne illness.
C)have less ability to metabolize alcohol.
D)should be regularly tested for glaucoma.

Question 5

Individuals in their forties should undertake which one of the following to help them with the aging process?

A)developing important relationships
B)reevaluating their health insurance plans
C)establishing good health habits
D)assessing their financial status

Question 6

Jane is 32.At this stage in life,which of the following is typically accomplished to help with the aging process?

A)assessing her financial status
B)reevaluating health insurance plans
C)establishing good health habits
D)developing important relationships

Question 7

Fluid intelligence is best described as the ability to

A)move easily from situation to situation.
B)find solutions to new problems.
C)memorize information and repeat it at a later date.
D)do all of these.

Question 8

Cigarette smoking is directly linked to all of the following EXCEPT

A)osteoporosis.
B)skin wrinkling.
C)muscle atrophy.
D)premature balding.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of regular physical activity?

A)prevention against osteoporosis
B)increased bone fractures caused by extra bone mass
C)increased effectiveness of the immune system
D)maintenance of flexibility and balance

Question 10

Women are more likely to be at a financial disadvantage during retirement than are men.Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor?

A)Women have,on average,lower lifetime incomes than men.
B)Women are less likely to be covered by pension plans.
C)Women are less likely to develop chronic conditions that are not covered by health insurance.
D)Women are less likely to invest in retirement plans.

Question 11

Rapidity of mental responsiveness,memory,and alertness are parts of

A)fluid intelligence.
B)common sense.
C)solid intelligence.
D)critical thinking.

Question 12

The disease in which fluid buildup inside the eye causes an increase in pressure that can lead to blindness is

A)glaucoma.
B)cataracts.
C)conjunctivitis.
D)presbyopia.

Question 13

Which of the following is most characteristic of retirement?

A)meeting deadlines
B)trying to find enough leisure time
C)needing to learn how to enjoy leisure time
D)dealing with competition

Question 14

Studies of healthy people indicate that functioning of the human body remains essentially constant until after age

A)70.
B)60.
C)50.
D)40.

Question 15

Progressive,irreversible changes to the body that result from the passage of time are called _______________ aging.

A)sociological
B)psychological
C)biological
D)chronological

Question 16

Which of the following steps should individuals undertake in their fifties to help them with the aging process?

A)reevaluating their health insurance plans
B)establishing good health habits
C)developing important relationships
D)assessing their financial status

Question 17

To reduce stress in your life as you age,it is a good idea to

A)obtain adequate sleep throughout life.
B)practice relaxation techniques regularly.
C)avoid overworking.
D)do all of these.

Question 18

Regular physical exercise contributes to healthy aging by enhancing or protecting all of the following EXCEPT

A)lung capacity.
B)hearing ability.
C)fluid intelligence.
D)immune functioning.

Question 19

To protect your hearing,you should avoid exposure to noises above _______________ decibels.

A)50
B)85
C)120
D)155

Question 20

Jolene exercises on a regular basis.She can expect all of the following results EXCEPT

A)weight control.
B)maintenance of flexibility.
C)protection against heart attack.
D)increased susceptibility to depression.

Question 21

Which of the following medications can have a negative impact on bone mass?

A)corticosteroids
B)aspirin
C)Prozac
D)Fosamax

Question 22

The gradual decline in the ability to focus on nearby objects that occurs as people age is called

A)cataracts.
B)presbyopia.
C)macular degeneration.
D)glaucoma.

Question 23

Which of the following groups has the highest rate of suicide?

A)older black women
B)older Asian men
C)older white men
D)older white women

Question 24

Denise is 48 years old and experiencing perimenopause.Which of the following would be a symptom of her condition?

A)hot flashes
B)irregular periods
C)vaginal dryness
D)all of these

Question 25

Which of the following statements about the various types of dementia is TRUE?

A)Lewy-Body dementia is another term for Alzheimer's disease.
B)A typical symptom of Alzheimer's disease is changes in walking or movement.
C)REM sleep behavior disorder is a causal factor for Lewy-Body dementia.
D)Additional strokes may worsen the effects of multi-infarct dementia.

Question 26

A good lifelong strategy for reducing the effects of osteoporosis is to avoid

A)aerobic activity.
B)leisure time.
C)tobacco use.
D)overexposure to the sun.

Question 27

The first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are

A)trouble remembering new information and retrieving old information.
B)confusion about events or time and disorientation.
C)aggressive behavior and depression.
D)a change in personality and hallucinations.

Question 28

Of the following,who is at risk for developing glaucoma?

A)a person with a family history of the disease
B)any person over the age of 60
C)African Americans over the age of 40
D)all of these

Question 29

The medical term for deterioration of mental functioning resulting from a brain disorder is

A)dementia.
B)senility.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)AMD.

Question 30

In 2014,the life expectancy of the total U.S.population was _______________ years.

A)69.5
B)78.8
C)83
D)72.9

Question 31

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A)a breakdown of the system that produces acetylcholine.
B)destruction of brain tissue from small strokes.
C)formation of tangles in affected neurons.
D)formation of amyloid plaques between neurons.

Question 32

Causes of treatable dementia include all of the following EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)vitamin B-12 deficiency.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)alcoholism.

Question 33

Life expectancy is

A)a theoretically projected length of life based on ideal conditions.
B)the average length of time a person is expected to live.
C)the period of life when an individual is healthiest.
D)a calculation based upon how long a person's relatives lived.

Question 34

The most serious potential consequence of osteoporosis is

A)memory loss.
B)joint discomfort.
C)bone fractures.
D)tooth decay.

Question 35

Which of the following is the earliest indicator of dementia?

A)failure to grasp a situation
B)forgetting conversations
C)forgetting events of the day
D)failure to perform simple tasks

Question 36

Typical symptoms of unresolved grief include all of the following EXCEPT

A)hostility toward those connected with the death.
B)talking about the death as if it were "just yesterday."
C)unrealistic behavior (for example,giving away all of one's belongings).
D)manic behavior.

Question 37

The type of arthritis that typically affects the hands and weight-bearing joints of the knees,ankles,and hips is

A)rheumatoid arthritis.
B)lupus.
C)osteoarthritis.
D)muscular arthritis.

Question 38

The clouding of the lens in the eye that is a result of oxidation damage is called

A)cataracts.
B)glaucoma.
C)macular degeneration.
D)presbyopia.

Question 39

Which of the following is a warning sign of arthritis?

A)tenderness
B)early morning stiffness
C)swelling
D)all of these

Question 40

The slow disintegration of the tissue at the center of the retina is known as age-related

A)glaucoma.
B)cataracts.
C)macular degeneration.
D)presbyopia.

Question 41

Differences in life expectancy between males and females are likely due to all of the following factors EXCEPT

A)different levels of risk-taking.
B)different levels of exercise.
C)different levels of alcohol use.
D)different levels of drug use.

Question 42

About what percentage of older Americans live in institutional settings such as nursing homes?

A)3.4 percent
B)10.5 percent
C)18.2 percent
D)22 percent

Question 43

Increases in life expectancy in the United States during the twentieth century were due primarily to

A)the control of childhood and infectious diseases.
B)the defeat of chronic illness.
C)the fitness boom.
D)increased use of vitamin supplements.

Question 44

A living arrangement for healthy seniors that matches them with like-minded individuals is called

A)a nursing home.
B)homesharing.
C)a retirement community.
D)a hospice.

Question 45

Women live longer for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that

A)estrogen protects women from early heart disease.
B)women have lower rates of stress-related illnesses.
C)women are less likely to be poor in their older years.
D)women participate less in risky behaviors that lead to injuries.

Question 46

Failure to achieve a maximum potential life span results from all of the following EXCEPT

A)destructive environmental factors.
B)retirement.
C)behavioral factors.
D)genetics.

Question 47

In 2015,what accounted for about 34 percent of the aggregate income of the older population?

A)Social Security benefits
B)personal retirement benefits
C)money received from family members
D)income from current employment

Question 48

The approximate percentage of the U.S.population who were over age 65 in 2012 is

A)5 percent.
B)14 percent.
C)23 percent.
D)33 percent.

Question 49

Which of the following statements about older Americans is FALSE?

A)The number of older people who are ill or dependent will rise as the older population increases.
B)Health care is the largest expense for older adults.
C)Almost 9.5 percent of elderly people live below the poverty line.
D)Most older Americans do not have any chronic diseases.

Question 50

Which of the following statements about Medicare is FALSE?

A)Medicare pays for about 80 percent of the health care costs of older Americans.
B)Medicare pays for acute illness.
C)Medicare Part A is paid for in part by payroll tax.
D)Medicare Part D is a prescription drug coverage plan.

Question 51

Although few people reach this age,the upper end of the human life span is about _______________ years.

A)90
B)100
C)110
D)120

Question 52

Women who reach their sixty-fifth birthday can expect,on average,to live _______________ or more years longer.

A)20
B)11
C)7
D)5

Question 53

Which of the following statements about the retirement income of older Americans TRUE?

A)The majority of older Americans live with comfortable and expandable sources of income.
B)Social Security funds are distributed based only on the age of Americans.
C)Social Security is intended to supplement other income.
D)All of these statements are true.

Question 54

Which of the following statements about older people is FALSE?

A)Older people have incomes about the same as younger people.
B)Older women are twice as likely to live in poverty as older men are.
C)Older people living alone are much more likely to be poor than those who live with families.
D)The proportion of people age 65 and older in the U.S.population is expected to more than double by the year 2050.

Question 55

Which of the following statements about life expectancy is FALSE?

A)Women live longer than men do.
B)Lifestyle factors are one reason for gender differences in life expectancy.
C)Genetics have little influence on longevity.
D)Being in the lowest 5 percent of income results in as much as a 5-year decrease in life expectancy.

Question 56

To maximize national productivity and quality of life as older adults become a larger proportion of the population,changes need to occur in all of the following EXCEPT

A)government policies.
B)attitudes of the general population.
C)health care policies.
D)recommendations regarding exercise and diet.

Question 57

A physician specializing in the diseases,disabilities,and care of older adults is a(n)

A)gerontologist.
B)geriatrician.
C)ageologist.
D)oncologist.

Question 58

The period of life when one is generally healthy and free from chronic or serious disease is called

A)health expectancy span.
B)life span.
C)health span.
D)morbidity span.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about caregiving is FALSE?

A)Most families abandon their aging relatives because they cannot provide adequate care.
B)Caregivers may need to obtain medical power of attorney to make decisions for the elderly relative.
C)Surveys indicate the average woman will spend about 18 years caring for an aging relative.
D)Studies show that in about 75 percent of cases,the caregiving role is taken on by a female family member.

Question 60

A scientist who studies phenomena associated with the aging process is a(n)

A)gerontologist.
B)geriatrician.
C)ageologist.
D)oncologist.

Question 61

Working women seem to be better financially prepared for retirement than working men.

Question 62

Older adults tend to have high blood pressure and be sensitive to salt.

Question 63

Gayle's activity level will help protect her from experiencing all of the following as she ages EXCEPT

A)loss of fluid intelligence.
B)type 2 diabetes.
C)osteoporosis.
D)declines in vision and hearing.

Question 64

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)is the leading cause of blindness in people over 75.

Question 65

The aging process occurs only during the last half of life.

Question 66

Exercise may prevent age-associated deterioration of fluid intelligence.

Question 67

Many of the negative physical changes typically associated with aging are not due to aging at all;rather,they are due to neglect of psychological and physical health.

Question 68

Which of the following activities will help Gayle lower her risk of developing dementia?

A)doing puzzles
B)learning a language
C)studying music
D)all of these

Question 69

A better arrangement than losing the productivity of people at retirement includes all of the following EXCEPT

A)setting a mandatory retirement age.
B)providing volunteer and paid employment for retirees.
C)offering retraining programs for occupational activities.
D)offering retraining for leisure activities.

Question 70

Nearly 100 percent of all people over 65 have some form of arthritis.

Question 71

Aging is the normal process of change throughout life.

Question 72

For successful aging,people need to start developing good health habits in their early thirties.

Question 73

Compared to other groups,African Americans are at increased risk for glaucoma.

Question 74

Regular physical activity can fend off sarcopenia.

Question 75

Age-related macular degeneration is an acute vision problem that eventually resolves itself.

Question 76

Regular exercise has been found to lower an aging person's susceptibility to depression.

Question 77

Which of the following statements about Gayle is FALSE?

A)Gayle's diverse interests will help her enjoy her leisure time when she retires.
B)Gayle's exercise habits and hobbies can help prevent arthritis.
C)Gayle began saving for retirement at the recommended point in life to support herself.
D)Gayle will need to take special care to prepare her finances for retirement.

Question 78

Older adults rarely have to deal with hearing loss.

Question 79

Following retirement,older couples may find that they need to become reacquainted with each other.

Question 80

Physiological changes in organ systems are caused by a combination of gradual aging and disease.