Deck 8: The Supervisor As Leader

Question 1

In which of the following leadership styles does the leader remain uninvolved and let the subordinates direct themselves?

A) Authoritarian leadership
B) Democratic leadership
C) Laissez-faire leadership
D) Dictatorial leadership

Answer 1

D
Explanation: In laissez-faire leadership style, the leader is uninvolved and lets the subordinates direct themselves. Supervisors are rarely, if ever, able to practice this style of leadership because the nature of the supervisor's job requires close involvement with employees.

Question 2

People who blame others or events beyond their control when something goes wrong are said to have a(n):

A) external locus of control.
B) democratic leadership style.
C) internal locus of control.
D) authoritarian leadership style.

Answer 2

A
Explanation: People with an external locus of control tend to blame others or events beyond their control when something goes wrong.Those with an internal locus of control are thought to be better leaders because they try harder to take charge of events.

Question 3

Which style of leadership is rarely practiced by supervisorsbecause the nature of a supervisor's job requires close involvement with employees?

A) Authoritarian
B) Democratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Task-oriented

Answer 3

C
Explanation: Laissez-faireleadership is rarely practiced by supervisors because the nature of a supervisor's job requires close involvement with employees.A laissez-faire manager is uninvolved and lets employees do what they want.

Question 4

Who among the following most likely has an internal locus of control?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 5

Corina supervises 12 cashiers at Prime Grocers.Lately,the cashiers have had several instances of substantial cash shortages because Corina has not been verifying their initial cash amounts.When approached by her manager about this situation,Corina replied,"The cashiers are lazy and just do not care." Which of the following traits is Corina exhibiting?

A) Sense of humor
B) External locus of control
C) Empathy
D) Sense of responsibility

Question 6

Which of the following traits is most likely to be a predictor of good leadership?

A) External locus of control
B) Self-confidence
C) Egocentrism
D) Self-righteousness

Question 7

Leading is the management function of:

A) influencing people to act or not act in a certain way.
B) seeking direction and implementing ideas.
C) determining how to achieve organizational objectives.
D) setting up groups and allocating resources.

Question 8

Who among the following most likely has an external locus of control?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 9

A factor that differentiates leaders from managers is that leaders:

A) inspire achievement, whereas managers seek direction.
B) implement ideas, whereas managers initiate ideas.
C) engage in tactical planning, whereas managers engage in strategic planning.
D) are authoritative, whereas managers are democratic.

Question 10

A military commander who expects unquestioning obedience is an example of a(n)_____ leader.

A) authoritarian
B) democratic
C) laissez-faire
D) people-oriented

Question 11

Which of the following is true of the different leadership styles?

A) Very few supervisors are completely authoritarian or totally democratic.
B) With authoritarian leadership, a leader shares a great deal of authority with subordinates.
C) Laissez-faire leadership is effective with jobs that require close monitoring.
D) A democratic leader is uninvolved and lets employees do what they want.

Question 12

The leadership style in which the leader allows subordinates to participate in decision making and problem solving is known as the:

A) authoritarian leadership style.
B) laissez-faire leadership style.
C) democratic leadership style.
D) dictatorial leadership style.

Question 13

A leader who focuses on the jobs to be done and the goals to be accomplished is considered:

A) empathetic.
B) people-oriented.
C) permissive.
D) task-oriented.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about managers and leaders according to management consultants Herb Greenberg and Patrick Sweeney?

A) Managers give directions, whereas leaders seek directions.
B) Managers implement ideas, whereas leaders initiate ideas.
C) Unlike leaders, managers inspire achievement.
D) Unlike leaders, managers influence people to act in a certain way.

Question 15

Who among the following best exemplifies a democratic leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions by himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 16

Who among the following best exemplifies an authoritarian leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 17

A(n)_____ refers to the belief that an individual is the primary cause of what happens to him or her.

A) individualistic orientation
B) tolerance for ambiguity
C) polycentric notion
D) internal locus of control

Question 18

A(n)_____ leader is concerned primarily with the well-being of employees and emphasizes issues such as morale,job satisfaction,and relationships.

A) task-oriented
B) authoritarian
C) people-oriented
D) laissez-faire

Question 19

Which of the following is true of democratic vs.authoritarian leadership?

A) Unlike authoritarian leaders, democratic leaders share more authority with employees.
B) Unlike democratic leaders, authoritarian leadersinvolve employees in decision making.
C) Unlike authoritarian leaders,democratic leaders merely dictate instructions to employees.
D) Unlike democratic leaders,authoritarian leaderslet employees do what they want.

Question 20

Who among the following best exemplifies a laissez-faire leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Edgar, a manager who lets his employees work as they wish and seldom interferes
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 21

According to the Managerial Grid,productivity,job satisfaction,and creativity are highest with a(n)_____ style of leadership.

A) country club management
B) authority-compliance
C) middle-of-the-road management
D) team management

Question 22

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,participative behavior involves:

A) telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.
B) setting a challenging goal for a follower to meet and expressing confidence that the follower can meet this challenge.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) recognizing that above all, followers are human beings.

Question 23

Which of the following statements about the country club management style of leadership is true?

A) Efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree.
B) Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out work with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level.
C) Interdependence through a "common stake" in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect.
D) Thoughtful attention to needs of people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo.

Question 24

The _____ theory of leadership suggests that the primary activities of a leader are to make desirable and achievable rewards available to organization members who attain organizational objectives and to clarify the kinds of behavior that must be performed to earn those rewards.

A) contingency
B) X and Y
C) life cycle
D) path-goal

Question 25

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,_____ behavior involves telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 26

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,_____ behavior involves recognizing that above all,followers are human beings.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 27

According to Fiedler's contingency model,_____ refers to the formal authority granted to the leader by the organization.

A) task structure
B) laissez-faire
C) locus of control
D) position power

Question 28

Rules followed by Marine Corps officers are "never eat before your troops eat" and "never ask your troops to do something you wouldn't do." This is an example of _____ leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) people-oriented
C) task-oriented
D) laissez-faire

Question 29

According to which theory should leaders adjust the degree of task and relationship behavior in response to the growing maturity of their followers?

A) Life cycle theory of leadership
B) Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership
C) Path-goal theory of leadership
D) X and Y theory of leadership

Question 30

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,directive behavior involves:

A) communicating clearly what is expected of followers.
B) setting challenging goals for followers to meet.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) being friendly and encouraging to followers.

Question 31

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,_____ behavior involves setting a challenging goal for a follower to meet and expressing confidence that the follower can meet this challenge.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 32

In _____ management,exertion of minimum effort to get the required work done is appropriate to sustain organization membership.

A) middle-of-the-road
B) impoverished
C) country club
D) team

Question 33

According to the Hersey-Blanchard life cycle theoryof leadership,leaders should:

A) adapt their behaviors according to the maturity of the followers.
B) exhibit directive and supportive behaviors.
C) put other people's needs and interests above their own.
D) be more task-oriented rather than relationship-oriented.

Question 34

Which style of leadership involves putting other people's needs,aspirations,and interests above one's own?

A) Top-down hierarchical leadership
B) Authoritarian leadership
C) Entrepreneurial leadership
D) Servant leadership

Question 35

In _____,efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree.

A) authority-compliance
B) impoverished management
C) team management
D) laissez-faire

Question 36

According to Fiedler's contingency model,whether relationship-oriented or task-oriented leaders perform better depends onthree characteristics of the situation:

A) type of organization, effectiveness of group, and time available.
B) leader-member relations, task structure, and the position power of the leader.
C) tolerance of ambiguity, problem or task, and need for independence.
D) relationship behavior, task behavior, and maturity of followers.

Question 37

In the initial stages,when the followers have not acquired the required maturity,for which of the following combinations of task and relationship behavior should a leader opt?

A) High task and low relationship behavior
B) High task and high relationship behavior
C) Low task and high relationship behavior
D) Low task and low relationship behavior

Question 38

Which of the following statements about the middle-of-the-road management style of leadership is true?

A) Efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree.
B) Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out work with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level.
C) Interdependence through a "common stake" in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect.
D) Thoughtful attention to needs of people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo.

Question 39

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,supportive behavior involves:

A) telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.
B) setting challenging goals for followers to meet.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) being friendly and encouraging to followers.

Question 40

According to the theory of path-goal leadership,a leader should:

A) be more relationship-oriented rather than task-oriented.
B) put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above his or her own.
C) exhibitdirective, participative, achievement, and supportive behaviors.
D) adapt his or her behavior according to followers' maturity.

Question 41

Which of the following best describes servant leaders?

A) They put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above their own.
B) They view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.
C) They retain a great deal of authority and often dictate instructions to employees.
D) They believe that they play an important role at a company rather than an unimportant one.

Question 42

In the context of approaches to leadership,ethical leadership reflects the extent to which leaders:

A) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
B) stand by their values and provide true and accurate feedback to followers.
C) possess a moral code and abide by those moral standards.
D) focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.

Question 43

A characteristic feature of servant leaders is that they are _____.

A) directive
B) egocentric
C) empathic
D) authoritative

Question 44

Which of the following is a role skillfully filled by an entrepreneurial leader?

A) Risk taker
B) Healer
C) Good listener
D) Empathizer

Question 45

A leader who acts as if losing money will result in personal financial loss and making money will result in additional financial income best exemplifies a(n)_____ leader.

A) authentic
B) democratic
C) entrepreneurial
D) transformational

Question 46

_____ leadership involves believing that one plays a veryimportant role at a company rather than an unimportant one.

A) Servant
B) Authoritarian
C) Democratic
D) Entrepreneurial

Question 47

Which of the following is a situation characteristic in choosing a leadership style?

A) Need for independence
B) Tolerance for ambiguity
C) Interest in problem
D) Time available

Question 48

Which of the following is true of entrepreneurial leaders?

A) They view risk-taking as an unnecessary component of being successful in business.
B) They have a clear picture of how they would like to see their company grow in the future.
C) They put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above their own.
D) They are usually uninvolved and let employees do what they want.

Question 49

A leader who is a good listener,empathic,healing,aware,and persuasive meets the description of a(n)_____ leader.

A) task-oriented
B) servant
C) authoritative
D) laissez-faire

Question 50

The factor that differentiates transformational leadership from transactional leadership is that transformational leaders:

A) focus on leading by adhering to tasks.
B) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
C) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.
D) adjust their degree of task and relationship behavior in response to the growing maturity of their followers.

Question 51

In the context of leadership styles,a servant leader:

A) deliberately chooses to help other people.
B) is not overly concerned about his or her followers.
C) is more task-oriented than relationship-oriented.
D) puts his or her needs above other people's needs.

Question 52

_____ leadership is based on the attitude that the leader is self-employed.

A) Traditional
B) Transformational
C) Entrepreneurial
D) Servant

Question 53

In the context of approaches to leadership,transactional leaders:

A) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
B) focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.
C) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
D) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.

Question 54

Which of the following is a leader characteristic in choosing a leadership style?

A) Need for independence
B) Tolerance for ambiguity
C) Interest in problem
D) Time available

Question 55

In the context of approaches to leadership,_____ leadership reflects the extent to which a leader stands by his or her values and provides true and accurate feedback to followers.

A) entrepreneurial
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) democratic

Question 56

In the context of approaches to leadership,_____ leaders focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.

A) transformational
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) authoritative

Question 57

An entrepreneurial leader having a clear picture of how he or she would like to see the company grow in the future fits the role of a _____.

A) visionary
B) problem solver
C) decision maker
D) risk taker

Question 58

In the context of approaches to leadership,transformational leaders:

A) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
B) focus on leading by adhering to tasks.
C) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
D) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.

Question 59

In the context of approaches to leadership,_____ leaders focus on leading by adhering to tasks.

A) transformational
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) spiritual

Question 60

Which of the following is a reason why servant leaders are considered persuasive?

A) They are respected by the people around them.
B) They listen intently to the people who surround them.
C) They take time to make sure that those surrounding them are heard and understood.
D) They make much effort to help those around them achieve wellness.

Question 61

Employees who are tolerant of ambiguity will most likely accept a(n)_____ style of leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) democratic
C) bureaucratic
D) dominant

Question 62

In choosing a leadership style,one needs to consider the type of organization and the effectiveness of the group.These attributes describe:

A) situation characteristics.
B) manager characteristics.
C) subordinate characteristics.
D) leader characteristics.

Question 63

People who want a lot of direction will most likely welcome _____ leadership.

A) laissez-faire
B) collaborative
C) servant
D) authoritarian

Question 64

When choosing a leadership style,an individual has to consider values,level of confidence in employees,strengths,and tolerance for ambiguity.These attributes describe:

A) situation characteristics.
B) leader characteristics.
C) subordinate characteristics.
D) organization characteristics.

Question 65

Employees who identify with organizational goals and want to play an active role in deciding how to meet those goals will most likely appreciate a(n)_____ style of leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) democratic
C) bureaucratic
D) dominant

Question 66

Which of the following statements is true of a supervisor's relationship with his or her employees?

A) A supervisor should be friends with employees and involve them in his or her personal life.
B) A supervisor should command rather than empower employees for better results.
C) A supervisor should consistently treat employees in a way that reflects his or her role as a part of management.
D) A supervisor who is feared by employees will inspire them to work harder and better and thereby yield faster results.

Question 67

When employees and managers work in teams,a(n)_____ leadership style is generally appropriate.

A) democratic
B) authoritarian
C) laissez-faire
D) bureaucratic

Question 68

Organizations that use self-managing work teams generally encourage a variety of employee characteristics that are associated with the successful use of democratic leadership and a low degree of:

A) task-oriented behavior.
B) people-oriented behavior.
C) relations-oriented behavior.
D) community-oriented behavior.

Question 69

A manager should use a relatively democratic leadership style only when:

A) enough time is available.
B) tasks are structured.
C) decisions need to be made quickly.
D) a work group has little experience in making its own decisions.

Question 70

If a department,team,or other work group has little experience in making its own decisions,the supervisor:

A) should use a democratic leadership style.
B) may find that an authoritarian approach is easier to use.
C) may effectively use a participatory decision-making approach.
D) should delegate decisions to groups.

Question 71

Which of the following statements is true of coaches?

A) They delegate responsibility to carry out operations.
B) They are unwilling to share authority.
C) They are a good analogy for an authoritarian leadership style.
D) They impose their own style of doing things on people.

Question 72

Unstructured tasks,such as generating ideas to improve customer service or planning the department picnic,are most likely to benefit from the use of _____ leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) task-oriented
C) laissez-faire
D) democratic

Question 73

When the supervisor involves employees in making decisions,he or she cannot always be sure of the outcomes.Supervisors differ in their level of comfort with this uncertainty,which refers to their:

A) personal leadership strengths.
B) level of confidence in employees.
C) tolerance for ambiguity.
D) knowledge and experience.

Question 74

In which of the following cases is a supervisor most likely to benefit from a democratic approach to leadership?

A) When employees don't identify with goals and need more control from the supervisor
B) When employees are not tolerant of ambiguity
C) When employees are eager to assume responsibility
D) When employees expect a lot of direction from the supervisor

Question 75

A structured task-that is,one with a set procedure to follow-is best managed by a(n):

A) relations-oriented leader.
B) authoritarian leader.
C) people-oriented leader.
D) democratic leader.

Question 76

According to some management experts,a coach is a good analogy for a(n)_____ leadership style.

A) democratic
B) authoritarian
C) laissez-faire
D) bureaucratic

Question 77

Which leadership style is most likely to be effective for an organization that expects supervisors to manage large numbers of employees?

A) Democratic
B) Laissez-faire
C) Authoritarian
D) Permissive

Question 78

Which of the following is a subordinate characteristic in choosing a leadership style?

A) Knowledge and experience
B) Time available
C) Effectiveness of the group
D) Values

Question 79

In choosing a leadership style,readiness to take responsibility,understanding of and identification with goals,and expectations are categorized as _____ characteristics.

A) situation
B) organization
C) subordinate
D) leader

Question 80

Employees who are eager to assume responsibility will most likely appreciate _____ leadership.

A) dominant
B) bureaucratic
C) authoritarian
D) laissez-faire