Deck 9: Language Development

Question 1

The hormone that is associated with breast,uterine,and skeletal development is:

A) progesterone.
B) estradiol.
C) luteinizing hormone.
D) gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.

Answer 1

estradiol.

Question 2

Thirteen-year-old Grace's blood tests indicate that her levels of testosterone are about twice as high as they were a year ago,and that her estradiol levels are about eight times higher than last year's.Grace is most likely experiencing

A) normal changes as a result of having entered puberty.
B) difficulties because of significant imbalances in hormonal levels.
C) abnormal levels of development of male physical characteristics.
D) abnormal levels of development of female physical characteristics.

Answer 2

normal changes as a result of having entered puberty.

Question 3

Approximately what percentage of adolescents around the world has a positive self-image?

A) 22
B) 46
C) 65
D) 73

Answer 3

73

Question 4

The average age of menarche has decreased:

A) to about 12½ years old in most of Europe.
B) to about 10 years old in the United States.
C) by more than a year in the United States.
D) from 17 years old to 15 years old in Norway.

Question 5

Puberty refers to a period of:

A) declining abstract thought and emotional maturation during late adolescence.
B) declining gross motor development during late childhood.
C) rapid psychological and emotional maturation during adolescence.
D) rapid skeletal and sexual maturation during adolescence.

Question 6

Height and body changes occur about ________ year(s)earlier in girls than they do in boys.

A) 1
B) 1½
C) 2
D) 2½

Question 7

The period of biological change that takes place during early adolescence is called:

A) menarche.
B) puberty.
C) maturation.
D) a growth spurt.

Question 8

Nicolas is about to enter puberty.All of the following will play a role in creating biological changes,EXCEPT:

A) the pituitary gland.
B) the hypothalamus.
C) the testes.
D) the pineal gland.

Question 9

It is difficult to know exactly when puberty begins and ends because:

A) it is a sudden process with few distinguishing physical events.
B) it is a gradual process involving multiple distinguishing events.
C) it is completed before the adolescent is aware of what is happening.
D) adolescents do not confide about bodily changes to parents or doctors.

Question 10

________ is the dominant hormone in males,whereas ________ is the dominant hormone in females.

A) Testosterone; estradiol
B) Estrogen; androgen
C) Estradiol; estrogen
D) Androgen; estradiol

Question 11

The growth spurt that characterizes pubertal change occurs ________ for girls than for boys and begins at around age ________ for girls.

A) earlier; 9
B) earlier; 11
C) later; 12
D) later; 14

Question 12

Recent research about hormones and behavior have found the relationship to be:

A) unidirectional.
B) bidirectional.
C) correlative.
D) not statistically significant.

Question 13

Which theorist believed that adolescence is a time of "storm and stress"?

A) Anna Freud
B) Jean Piaget
C)G.Stanley Hall
D) Daniel Offer

Question 14

For the majority of teens,adolescence is marked by:

A) stress and storm.
B) rebellion.
C) self-confidence.
D) low self-esteem.

Question 15

Ms.Chang is trying to prepare her health-class students for the onset of puberty.What should she tell the girls that they are likely to experience FIRST?

A) widening of the hips
B) growth of pubic hair
C) first menstrual cycle
D) growth of armpit hair

Question 16

Ms.Chang is trying to prepare her health-class students for the onset of puberty.What should she tell the boys that they are likely to experience FIRST?

A) the first ejaculation
B) changes in voice
C) increased penis size
D) growth of facial hair

Question 17

Samantha is currently living in the United States.She was 14½ years old when she experienced menarche.Samantha is:

A) slightly younger than the average age for menarche in Europe.
B) around the average age for menarche in the United States.
C) older than the average age for menarche in the United States.
D) younger than the average age for menarche in the United States.

Question 18

What is most noticeable about increases in height during puberty?

A) A major portion of a person's eventual height is added during puberty.
B) There is very little difference between males and females during this time.
C) Males' height increases both earlier and more than females' height.
D) For a brief period of time,increases in height in puberty are very rapid.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about most adolescents today?

A) They have a positive self-image and outlook.
B) They have a more cynical view of themselves and others.
C) They are at significant risk for juvenile delinquency.
D) They experience greater family stability than in past decades.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Boys go through growth spurts earlier than girls do.
B) Both boys and girls who are shorter than their peers before puberty will surpass their peers during the adolescent growth spurt.
C) Girls are just as tall as and weigh more than boys before puberty.
D) After puberty,girls will be shorter but heavier than boys will be.

Question 21

In a recent (2006)study of 9th to 12th graders,approximately ________ reported that they had been sexually active in the previous 3 months.

A) one-third
B) two-thirds
C) one-half
D) three-fourth

Question 22

In 1998,the Alan Guttmacher Institute reported that about ________ of girls and about ________ of American boys are virgins at age 15.

A) 60%; 40%
B) 66%; 82%
C) 70%; 85%
D) 80%; 70%

Question 23

Which of the following BEST describes a difference in male and female sexual behavior?

A) Most boys engage in sexual behavior about 1 year earlier than most girls do.
B) Boys engage in more sexual activities per year than girls do.
C) Girls tend to lose their virginity earlier than boys do.
D) Girls engage in sexual activity with older boys,and boys choose partners about their own age.

Question 24

Jerome is going through puberty quite early.Research indicates that Jerome is likely to:

A) be rejected by his peers.
B) have a negative self-image.
C) have a positive self-image.
D) be highly successful in his later career.

Question 25

All of the following help to determine puberty's timing,EXCEPT:

A) nutrition.
B) genetics.
C) health.
D) toxins.

Question 26

The proportion of adolescent girls who have experienced intercourse by ages 17 is highest in:

A) China.
B) Mali.
C) Tanzania.
D) the United States.

Question 27

The Berkeley Longitudinal Study showed that compared with late-maturing boys,early-maturing boys saw themselves:

A) less positively.
B) more positively.
C) bigger and stronger.
D) bigger but more awkward.

Question 28

Adolescents tend to respond with "gut" reactions to emotional stimuli,while adults are more likely to respond in more rational,reasoned ways.Recent research suggests that this may be because:

A) adults have a more completely developed prefrontal cortex.
B) adults have a more completely developed amygdala.
C) adolescents have a less completely developed cerebellum.
D) adolescents have a less completely developed occipital lobe.

Question 29

In general,which one of the following teenagers is most likely to be sexually active?

A) Allen,who is an African-American male.
B) George,who is a European-American male.
C) Tarah,who is a European-American female.
D) Yolanda,who is an African-American female.

Question 30

Wiesner & Ittel (2002)found that,compared to late-maturing girls,early-maturing girls were more likely to

A) have a close relationship with their parents.
B) leave home later.
C) have older friends.
D) have better self-images.

Question 31

Who among the following will be most dissatisfied with body image?

A) a female in early adolescence
B) a female in late adolescence
C) a male in early adolescence
D) a male in late adolescence

Question 32

The proportion of adolescent boys who have experienced intercourse by age 17 is highest in:

A) Brazil.
B) China.
C) Jamaica.
D) the United States.

Question 33

Recent research has found that early-maturing girls are more likely than late-maturing girls to be:

A) satisfied with their figures while in high school.
B) taller and thinner when they reach high school.
C) less popular with males their own age than others.
D) depressed,smoke,drink,have eating disorders.

Question 34

According to research by Diamond in 2003,most gay or lesbian individuals recognize that they are gay or lesbian in:

A) early childhood.
B) early adolescence.
C) mid- to late adolescence.
D) late childhood.

Question 35

Juanita engaged in sexual intercourse at the age of 13.Research indicates that Juanita is likely to:

A) develop a more positive sexual identity.
B) drink,use drugs,and be delinquent.
C) marry much earlier than other girls.
D) abstain from sex later in adolescence.

Question 36

In a recent (2006)study of adolescent contraceptive use,researchers found that in 1991,________ reported that they had used withdrawal or no method,whereas in 2003,________ reported that they had used either withdrawal or no method.

A) 33%; 19%
B) 19%; 33%
C) 39%; 13%
D) 13%; 19%

Question 37

During adolescence,boys have an increase in ________,whereas girls have an increase in ________.

A) weight; height
B) muscle cells; fat cells
C) hypothalamus; hippocampus
D) arm length; leg length

Question 38

Maggy is 16 and has not yet matured physically.According to recent research,which of the following will be MOST likely when Maggy does complete puberty?

A) She will be more satisfied with her figure than early-maturing girls.
B) She will be less satisfied with her figure than early-maturing girls.
C) She will be more likely to have an eating disorder than early-maturing girls.
D) She will be more likely to drop out of school than early-maturing girls.

Question 39

The ability to plan,set priorities,suppress impulses,and weigh consequences is weak in adolescence because the __________ is the last part to mature.

A) amygdala
B) brain stem
C) hypothalamus
D) prefrontal cortex

Question 40

By age _________,the majority of U.S.adolescents have had sexual intercourse.

A) 13
B) 15
C) 17
D) 19

Question 41

Results from a recent (2005)U.S.study suggested that _______ of adolescents were in the lowest fitness category.

A) 14%
B) 24%
C) 34%
D) 54%

Question 42

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner,a teenage girl has a _______ risk of getting HIV.

A) 1%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 50%

Question 43

About ________ of U.S.teenage adolescents exercise at least twice a week.

A) one-third
B) two-thirds
C) one-half
D) three-fourths

Question 44

Which of the following factors is the MOST common negative result of being an unmarried adolescent mother?

A) the disruption in education and career development
B) the social stigma attached to both the mother and child
C) the decreased fertility associated with having a child at a young age
D) the high rate of divorce when the mother eventually decides to marry

Question 45

Cross-cultural comparisons suggest that _______ has the highest adolescent childbearing rates in the industrialized world.

A) Canada
B) Japan
C) Netherlands
D) United States

Question 46

Patricia and Fernando are worried that their daughter's sex education program will encourage her to have sex because the class included information about contraceptive use.Research suggests that:

A) their fears are unfounded.
B) they are wise to be concerned,because there is a moderate relationship between knowledge about contraceptives and the tendency to engage in sexual intercourse at an earlier age.
C) they are wise to be concerned,because there is a mild relationship between knowledge about contraceptives and the likelihood to have more sexual partners.
D) they should immediately take their daughter out of the class,because there is considerable research to suggest that contraceptive-use sex education programs lead to higher sexual activity and a higher likelihood to contract a sexually transmitted infection.

Question 47

Cross-cultural comparisons suggest that ________ has the highest adolescent pregnancy rates in the industrialized world.

A) Canada
B) Japan
C) Netherlands
D) United States

Question 48

Compared with adolescents in other countries,teens in the United States:

A) eat more junk food and exercise less.
B) exercise more but eat more fatty foods.
C) get better medical care and eat more fruits and vegetables.
D) exercise less but take more vitamins.

Question 49

Which statement BEST describes U.S.adolescent pregnancy rates in the year 2004?

A) They have steadily risen since 1950.
B) They have risen,but only among ethnic minorities.
C) They are unchanged from the rates of 20 years ago.
D) They hit a record low,dropping 30% since 1991.

Question 50

With regard to contraceptive use,younger adolescents are more likely to use _________,whereas older adolescents are more likely to use ________.

A) withdrawal or condom; birth control pill or diaphragm.
B) Birth control pill or diaphragm; withdrawal or condom.
C) contraceptive jellies; IUDs
D) IUDs; contraceptive jellies.

Question 51

Cross-cultural research suggests that adolescents in ______ have the poorest eating and exercise habits.

A) the United States
B) the United States and England
C) Sweden
D) Sweden and the Netherlands

Question 52

Overall,research suggest that contraceptive-knowledge sex education programs:

A) DO increase adolescent sexual activity.
B) DO NOT increase adolescent sexual activity.
C) DO increase adolescent sexual activity for GIRLS,but DO NOT increase adolescent sexual activity for BOYS.
D) DO increase adolescent sexual activity for BOYS,but DO NOT increase adolescent sexual activity for GIRLS.

Question 53

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner,a teenage girl has a _______ risk of contracting gonorrhea.

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%

Question 54

Which of the following MOST accurately describes the situation for the children of single teenage mothers?

A) They are less likely to live in poverty than are children born to single older women.
B) They start out at higher physical risk than children born to older mothers but catch up by elementary school.
C) They are more likely to have low birth weights,neurological problems and childhood illness.
D) They are not found to be successful in education or to experience other positive outcomes.

Question 55

Mollie is currently 15 and pregnant.Which of the following is MOST likely to be true about Mollie?

A) She is probably poor and a minority.
B) She is likely to have the baby and put it up for adoption.
C) She is less likely to finish high school if she has the baby.
D) She is twice as likely to have an abortion as to give birth.

Question 56

Overall,adolescents sleep:

A) MORE than their bodies need.
B) LESS than their bodies need.
C) JUST THE RIGHT AMOUNT for their bodies.
D) way too much!

Question 57

About ________ of adolescents in Ireland,Austria,and Germany exercise at least once a week.

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 80%

Question 58

Which of the following contraceptives DO provide protection against sexually transmitted infections?

A) condom
B) birth control pill
C) implant
D) IUD

Question 59

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner,a teenage girl has a _______ risk of acquiring genital herpes.

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Question 60

Approximately what percentage of adolescents who have unprotected sex will acquire a sexually transmitted disease?

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 61

________percent of teenage motor vehicle fatalities are attributed to alcohol.

A) Sixteen
B) Twenty-eight
C) Fifty
D) Sixty-one

Question 62

In the United States,an adolescent is most likely to die from:

A) accidents.
B) suicide.
C) homicide.
D) disease.

Question 63

Asia's parents are concerned about her.Asia constantly moves at a frantic pace.She eats very little,though she enjoys helping her parents cook.She worries obsessively about her weight even though she has lost more than enough in the past year.Which of the following is the most accurate statement about this situation?

A) Asia is showing an adolescent's normal preoccupation with her bodily changes.
B) Asia's preoccupation with her body will most likely stop on its own.
C) Asia is showing signs of bulimia,and her parents are right to be concerned.
D) Asia is showing signs of anorexia,and her parents are right to be concerned.

Question 64

Jordyn has a passion for food that leads her to gorge on entire half-gallons of ice cream,bags of potato chips,or boxes of cookies at a time.However,after she gorges,she "compensates" by running as many as 10 miles and sometimes even makes herself vomit.This scenario would probably lead a physician to classify Jordyn as having:

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) an overeating disorder.
D) bulimarexia.

Question 65

The third leading cause of death for American adolescents is/are:

A) accidents
B) suicide
C) homicide
D) chronic diseases

Question 66

The second leading cause of death for American adolescents is/are:

A) accidents
B) suicide
C) homicide
D) diseases

Question 67

Anorexia and bulimia affect:

A) men and women equally.
B) men more than women.
C) women more than men.
D) women more than older men,but less than younger men.

Question 68

Anorexic people and bulimic people DIFFER in the:

A) severity of their disorders.
B) degree of control they have over food intake.
C) psychological factors underlying their disorders.
D) degree of control they have over their families' demands of them.

Question 69

Anorexia nervosa is:

A) an eating disorder that involves a binge-and-purge sequence on a regular basis.
B) an anxiety disorder whose chief symptom is unrealistic fear of food.
C) a drug-induced reaction that produces tremors and vomiting.
D) an eating disorder that can result in death by starvation.

Question 70

Most people with anorexia nervosa are from:

A) middle- and upper-income families.
B) poor and working-class families.
C) Asian-American and African-American families.
D) families with low achievement demands.

Question 71

How much weight must an average person lose before he or she is considered anorexic?

A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) There is no set weight; it varies from individual to individual.

Question 72

Alondra is "fashionably" thin.She does not have good eating habits,though,often eating large amounts at one time and then practically nothing for days.Alondra often seems depressed and concerned over the lack of control she feels in her life.Alondra appears to be

A) bulimic.
B) suicidal.
C) anorexic.
D) bulimarexic.

Question 73

Contemporary research suggests that U.S.adolescents' use of alcohol has recently shown a:

A) mild decline.
B) sizable decline.
C) mild increase.
D) sizable increase.

Question 74

Anorexic people use food as a means of:

A) control.
B) reward.
C) punishment.
D) gaining popularity.

Question 75

The obituary stated that Pat was a victim of a homicide.It is most likely that Pat was:

A) an African-American adolescent boy.
B) a Latin(o)-American adolescent boy.
C) an African-American adolescent girl.
D) a Latin(a)-American adolescent girl.

Question 76

The fact that a fashion of thinness is often proposed as the cause of both anorexia and bulimia indicates that the mechanism of these disorders would be:

A) sexual repression.
B) imitation.
C) information processing.
D) classical conditioning.

Question 77

Driving to the amusement park,teen Pedro got into a car accident.This was most likely because:

A) he has limited driving experience.
B) he was drinking and driving.
C) his car was not well maintained.
D) he was talking on a cell phone.

Question 78

If you traveled to several different countries,where would you see the highest rates of illegal drug use by teenagers?

A) in England
B) in Germany
C) in Denmark
D) in America

Question 79

Jackie's doctor is concerned that Jackie is losing too much weight.However,Jackie,who is 16,thinks her legs are "too fat" and continues dieting.Jackie is at risk for developing which type of eating disorder?

A) bulimia nervosa
B) gluttony
C) gross overeating
D) anorexia nervosa

Question 80

About ________ of American girls develop anorexia nervosa.

A) 1%
B) 3%
C) 5%
D) 10%