Deck 12: Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Question 1

Securely attached adults:

A)are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships,but are committed once they are in one.
B)demand closeness in relationships and are more emotional.
C)are less likely than others to have one-night stands.
D)tend to distance themselves from their partner.

Answer 1

are less likely than others to have one-night stands.

Question 2

Rose's ex-boyfriend,Peter,describes her as clingy and dependent.During their relationship,she always wanted to be told that she was loved and wanted to rush into marriage.She also kept tabs on Peter and was jealous of all his female friends and colleagues.Rose seems to have a(n)_____ attachment style.

A)secure
B)anxious
C)conflicted
D)avoidant

Answer 2

anxious

Question 3

Which of the following appears during infancy and plays an important part in socioemotional development?

A)Attitude
B)Temper
C)Disposition
D)Attachment

Answer 3

Attachment

Question 4

_____ individuals are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and once in a relationship tend to distance themselves from their partner.

A)Disorganized
B)Anxious
C)Securely attached
D)Avoidant

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of a secure attachment in adulthood?

A)Trust
B)Anxiety
C)Commitment
D)Longevity

Question 6

Individuals with an anxious attachment style:

A)are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships,but are committed once they are in one.
B)demand closeness in relationships and are more emotional.
C)are less likely than others to have one-night stands.
D)tend to distance themselves from their partner.

Question 7

A recent study found that an insecure attachment to parents at age 14 predicted:

A)a more anxious romantic attachment style at age 22.
B)an avoidant romantic attachment style at age 22.
C)a secure romantic attachment style at age 22.
D)a disorganized romantic attachment style at age 22.

Question 8

_____ adults describe themselves as securely attached.

A)The majority of
B)Less than half of
C)Very few
D)About a quarter of

Question 9

Secure attachment to parents during childhood correlates with:

A)higher academic achievement in college.
B)stronger sibling relationships in adulthood.
C)secure attachment to romantic partners in adulthood.
D)an easy temperament in adulthood.

Question 10

Which of the following attachment styles is characterized by more satisfaction in close relationships?

A)Secure attachment style
B)Avoidant attachment style
C)Anxious attachment style
D)Disorganized attachment style

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE of the preferences of adults regarding the attachment styles of their partners?

A)Securely attached adults show a preference for individuals with an anxious attachment style.
B)Individuals with an anxious attachment style mostly seem to prefer a partner with an anxious attachment style.
C)Adults prefer having an avoidant adult as a partner.
D)Adults prefer having a securely attached partner.

Question 12

On a questionnaire,Alicia described herself thus: "I find it relatively easy to get close to others and I am comfortable depending on them and having them depend on me.I don't worry about being abandoned or about someone getting too close to me." Alicia seems to have a(n):

A)avoidant attachment style.
B)secure attachment style.
C)anxious attachment style.
D)gregarious attachment style

Question 13

Anna is not overly stressed out about her relationship with her boyfriend Danny.She trusts him and is sure that if there are any problems,they can talk it through and come to an understanding.Which of the following BEST describes Anna's attachment style?

A)Disorganized attachment style
B)Anxious attachment style
C)Avoidant attachment style
D)Secure attachment style

Question 14

In a longitudinal study,infants who were securely attached at age _____ were securely attached _____ years later in their adult romantic relationships.

A)1; 20
B)4; 40
C)2; 30
D)1; 60

Question 15

Research indicates that links between early attachment styles and later attachment styles were _____ by stressful and disruptive experiences.

A)not impacted by
B)lessened
C)facilitated
D)enhanced

Question 16

_____ adults have positive views of relationships,find it easy to get close to others,and are not overly concerned with or stressed out about their romantic relationships.

A)Securely attached
B)Attachment-anxious
C)Attachment-avoidant
D)Securely detached

Question 17

_____ infants are defined as those who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.

A)Securely detached
B)Avoidant
C)Insecurely attached
D)Securely attached

Question 18

In his meeting with a counselor,Dalton revealed that he was uncomfortable being close to others.He finds it difficult to trust people completely and doesn't allow himself to depend completely on them.He gets nervous if someone tries to get too intimate with him.It seems likely that Dalton has a(n)_____ attachment style.

A)secure
B)anxious
C)conflicted
D)avoidant

Question 19

In terms of attachment,who fulfills the needs for young adults that parents did for their children?

A)Professors
B)Romantic partners
C)Peers
D)Counselors

Question 20

If researchers measure an individual's self-concept at ages 10,20,30,and 40 years,where are they likely to find the most stability?

A)When measured at the age of 10 and then again at the age of 30
B)When measured at the age of 20 and then again at the age of 30
C)When measured at the age of 20 and then again at the age of 40
D)When measured at the age of 10 and then again at the age of 40

Question 21

_____ love is also called eros.

A)Companionate
B)Affectionate
C)Romantic
D)Consummate

Question 22

Women's friendships tend to be characterized not only by _____ but also by _____.

A)talk; silence
B)competition; camaraderie
C)depth; breadth
D)intimacy; rivalry

Question 23

Which of the following statements about romantic love is TRUE?

A)Males show lower anxiety about romantic love than females.
B)Females show higher avoidance of romantic love than males.
C)Males show higher anxiety about romantic love than females.
D)Males and females show the same level of avoidance and anxiety about romantic love.

Question 24

Which of the following is another name for romantic love?

A)Passionate love
B)Affectionate love
C)Companionate love
D)Consummate love

Question 25

According to Erik Erikson,if individuals do not develop intimacy,they face:

A)low self-esteem.
B)insecure attachment.
C)narcissism.
D)isolation.

Question 26

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following stages is the most important issue to be negotiated in adolescence?

A)Identity versus identity confusion
B)Industry versus inferiority
C)Intimacy versus isolation
D)Autonomy versus shame

Question 27

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following is the sixth developmental stage?

A)Intimacy versus isolation
B)Identity versus identity confusion
C)Autonomy versus shame and doubt
D)Integrity versus despair

Question 28

Juggling the competing demands of intimacy,identity,and independence becomes a central task of:

A)childhood.
B)adolescence.
C)parenthood.
D)adulthood.

Question 29

According to Ellen Berscheid,the most important ingredient of romantic love is:

A)friendship.
B)sexual desire.
C)long-term commitment.
D)spontaneity in behavior.

Question 30

Self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts are hallmarks of:

A)rivalry.
B)competition.
C)intimacy.
D)temperament.

Question 31

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following is a precursor to intimacy in romantic relationships during emerging adulthood?

A)Identity development in adolescence
B)Insecure attachment in childhood
C)Postconventional reasoning in childhood
D)Postformal thought in adulthood

Question 32

Which of the following attachment styles is most likely to be characterized by trust,commitment,and longevity?

A)Disorganized attachment style
B)Avoidant attachment style
C)Anxious attachment style
D)Secure attachment style

Question 33

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following stages occurs during early adulthood,after individuals are well on their way to establishing stable and successful identities?

A)Identity versus identity confusion
B)Generativity versus stagnation
C)Integrity versus despair
D)Intimacy versus isolation

Question 34

Female friendships involve more _____ than male friendships.

A)competition
B)outdoor activities
C)self-disclosure
D)sharing of useful information

Question 35

_____ love has strong components of sexuality and infatuation,and it often predominates in the early part of a love relationship.

A)Companionate
B)Affectionate
C)Consummate
D)Romantic

Question 36

_____ love is also called companionate love.

A)Passionate
B)Affectionate
C)Consummate
D)Romantic

Question 37

Development in early adulthood involves a balance of:

A)autonomy and freedom on the one hand,with shame and doubt on the other.
B)passion and trust.
C)interconnection,independence,and negotiation.
D)intimacy and commitment on the one hand,with independence and freedom on the other.

Question 38

Erikson describes _____ as finding oneself while losing oneself in another person,and it requires a commitment to another person.

A)friendship
B)intimacy
C)attachment
D)temperament

Question 39

Recent studies confirmed that _____ individuals showed strong ambivalence toward a romantic partner.

A)attachment-anxious
B)securely attached
C)attachment-avoidant
D)attachment-disorganized

Question 40

A recent study revealed that in their early twenties,women showed more _____ with their closest friend than did men.

A)emotional intimacy
B)rivalry
C)competition
D)physical intimacy

Question 41

Brenda and Jonathan have been married for 15 years.When Brenda develops a potentially fatal lung disease,Jonathan retires in order to care for Brenda.This shows that Brenda and Jonathan's relationship has a high level of:

A)infatuation.
B)commitment.
C)fatuous love.
D)passion.

Question 42

According to Robert J.Sternberg,which of the following is the strongest and fullest form of love?

A)Passionate love
B)Fatuous love
C)Affectionate love
D)Consummate love

Question 43

According to Robert J.Sternberg's triarchic theory of love,_____ is the cognitive appraisal of the relationship and the intent to maintain the relationship even in the face of problems.

A)commitment
B)intimacy
C)attachment
D)passion

Question 44

Data from 2009 indicate that in the U.S.for the first time in history:

A)adults began to cohabit instead of entering into marriages.
B)the proportion of individuals 25 to 34 years of age who have never been married exceeded those who were married.
C)the percentage of cohabiting adults began to decline.
D)the proportion of individuals 25 to 34 years of age who are or have been married exceeded those who have never been married.

Question 45

Bob worships his colleague Anne.He loves her from afar but there is no intimacy or closeness between them.Sternberg would characterize this as _____ love.

A)consummate
B)fatuous
C)affectionate
D)passionate

Question 46

Julie describes how she feels about Mark: "I'm very physically attracted to him,but we aren't what you would call emotionally close.I love being with him,but I don't know that this will be a long-lasting relationship." According to Robert Sternberg's theory of love,which type of love is Julie experiencing?

A)Affectionate love
B)Infatuation
C)Consummate love
D)Companionate love

Question 47

According to Sternberg,the strongest,fullest form of love is ______ love.

A)infatuation
B)affectionate
C)fatuous
D)consummate

Question 48

According to Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love,consummate love is characterized by:

A)passion,intimacy,and commitment.
B)romance,shared disclosure,and sexual desire.
C)commitment and exclusiveness.
D)eroticism and companionship.

Question 49

A relationship marked by intimacy and commitment but low or lacking in passion is called _____,a pattern often found among couples who have been married for many years.

A)romantic love
B)consummate love
C)affectionate love
D)fatuous love

Question 50

In Sternberg's view,an affair or a fling in which there is little intimacy and even less commitment is an example of:

A)infatuation.
B)consummation.
C)fatuous love.
D)companionate love.

Question 51

_____ love is the type of love that occurs when someone desires to have the other person near and has a deep,caring affection for the person.

A)Passionate
B)Fatuous
C)Companionate
D)Romantic

Question 52

The early stages of love have more _____ love ingredients.

A)romantic
B)companionate
C)passionate
D)consummate

Question 53

According to Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of love,love is characterized by the dimensions of:

A)role-exchanges,exclusivity,and commitment.
B)shared activities,self-disclosure,and commitment.
C)passion,commitment,and intimacy.
D)transference,companionship,and self-disclosure.

Question 54

According to Robert J.Sternberg's triarchic theory of love,_____ involves physical and sexual attraction to another.

A)attachment
B)commitment
C)intimacy
D)passion

Question 55

When all three dimensions of Sternberg's triarchic theory of love are present in a relationship,what type of love are people experiencing?

A)Affectionate love
B)Consummate love
C)Fatuous love
D)Passionate love

Question 56

If passion and commitment are present but intimacy is not,Sternberg calls the relationship _____ love,as when one person worships another from a distance.

A)romantic
B)fatuous
C)affectionate
D)consummate

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

A)Passion
B)Exchange
C)Commitment
D)Intimacy

Question 58

Penelope is describing her marriage of 15 years: "My husband and I were eating breakfast the other day.Neither of us was talking,both of us were just reading and thinking our own thoughts.But it was a very comfortable,companionable silence,and I love it!" What aspect of their relationship does this illustrate?

A)Passion
B)Infatuation
C)Romantic love
D)Affectionate love

Question 59

According to Robert J.Sternberg,which of the following BEST describes the love in a relationship where passion is the only ingredient,and intimacy and commitment are low?

A)Fatuous love
B)Consummation
C)Infatuation
D)Companionate love

Question 60

According to Robert J.Sternberg's triarchic theory of love,_____ relates to the emotional feelings of warmth,closeness,and sharing in a relationship.

A)attachment
B)intimacy
C)commitment
D)passion

Question 61

Which of the following statements about cohabiting arrangements in the U.S.is TRUE?

A)Most cohabiting couples want the official aspects of marriage.
B)Cohabiting arrangements are declining steadily.
C)Fewer than 1 out of 10 such arrangements lasts five years.
D)Most of these arrangements are very long-lasting.

Question 62

Recent research suggests that:

A)cohabiting before marriage increases marital satisfaction.
B)cohabiting before marriage increases the likelihood of divorce.
C)cohabiting couples have less difficulty owning property jointly.
D)cohabiting couples face less disapproval from parents and other family members.

Question 63

There has been _____ in the number of cohabiting U.S.couples since 1970.

A)a dramatic increase
B)little change
C)a small decline
D)a significant decline

Question 64

According to the Pew Research Center,in 2010 the U.S.average age for first marriage:

A)was higher for women than men.
B)was higher than at any other point in history.
C)declined to an all-time low.
D)was the same as it was in 1980.

Question 65

Which of the following is TRUE regarding couples that cohabitate?

A)In general,cohabitators are more likely to stay married than non-cohabitators.
B)If cohabitation begins at age 19,the couple is more likely to get and stay married.
C)If cohabitation begins in the mid-twenties or later,the risk of marital dissolution is reduced.
D)Cohabitators often have more traditional views and lifestyles than non-cohabitators.

Question 66

Since the early 1900s,the goal of maintaining a stable marriage has:

A)become even more important than ever.
B)decreased in its level of relative importance.
C)replaced self-fulfillment as the most important life goal.
D)been replaced by self-fulfillment as the most important life goal.

Question 67

Which country listed has the lowest percentage of individuals adopting a single lifestyle?

A)United States
B)Great Britain
C)Germany
D)Japan

Question 68

According to the newest statistics,what proportion of marriages now begin online?

A)1/2
B)1/3
C)1/4
D)1/5

Question 69

In 2012,_____ of Americans were married.

A)60 percent
B)65 percent
C)80 percent
D)49 percent

Question 70

In 2010,by 40 years of age,_____ percent of individuals had ever been married.

A)35
B)40
C)77
D)50

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a problem that face many cohabitating couples?

A)Legal rights regarding the dissolution of the relationship
B)Disapproval by family or friends
C)Buying property together
D)Pet ownership

Question 72

One of the benefits of a good marriage is:

A)increased longevity.
B)more financial security.
C)an improved gender identity.
D)improved social relations.

Question 73

If passion,intimacy,and commitment are all present in a relationship,Sternberg describes it as _____ love.

A)infatuation
B)affectionate
C)fatuous
D)consummate

Question 74

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with an increase in divorce?

A)Marrying late in life
B)Having a baby prior to marriage
C)Low education levels
D)Low income

Question 75

Most divorces occur in the _____ year of marriage.

A)first to third
B)second to fifth
C)fifth to tenth
D)tenth to twelfth

Question 76

In which country is cohabitation virtually universal before marriage?

A)France
B)Sweden
C)United States
D)Kenya

Question 77

Couples whose marriages begin online:

A)usually cohabitate first.
B)are less likely to divorce than couples who started in traditional offline contexts.
C)report lower levels of marital satisfaction and are more likely to divorce.
D)are likely to dissolve their marriage within the first two years.

Question 78

Currently,the average duration of marriage in the United States is just over _____ years.

A)5
B)9
C)15
D)23

Question 79

Carlise feels passionate about her husband,they often disclose their innermost thoughts to one another,and both are committed to the relationship.Which type of love describes their relationship?

A)infatuation
B)affectionate
C)fatuous
D)consummate

Question 80

Living together in a sexual relationship without being married is known as:

A)consensual validation.
B)attachment.
C)coparenting.
D)cohabitation.