Deck 6: Lipids: Focusing on Fats and Cholesterol

Question 1

A fatty acid

A)has a chain of carbons bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms.
B)contains hundreds of glucose molecules.
C)has carbons arranged in ring-like structures.
D)is either monounsaturated or polyunsaturated.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat?

A)palm oil
B)sunflower oil
C)lard
D)butter

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat?

A)beef fat
B)sunflower oil
C)chicken fat
D)grapeseed oil

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Maggie was a subject in a clinical study that was designed to determine the effects of certain diets on health.While participating in the study,she was given a synthetic formula diet that provided vitamins,minerals,choline,egg protein,purified water,and potato starch.Within a few weeks,Maggie's hair began to fall out and she developed patches of scaly skin on her arms and legs.When _____ were added to her formula,the signs of the nutritional deficiency disappeared.

A)bile salts
B)simple sugars
C)essential fatty acids
D)cholesterol and lecithin

Question 5

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat?

A)cocoa butter
B)palm oil
C)olive oil
D)chicken fat

Question 6

Which of the following substances is a dietary essential?

A)alpha-linolenic acid
B)cholesterol
C)lecithin
D)high-density lipoprotein

Question 7

In the body,lipids

A)are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber.
B)stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals.
C)provide energy.
D)speed up chemical reactions.

Question 8

_____ acid is an omega-6 fatty acid.

A)Eicosapentaenoic
B)Alpha-linolenic
C)Docosahexaenoic
D)Linoleic

Question 9

Duncan was a subject in a clinical study that was designed to determine the effects of certain diets on health.While participating in the study,he was given a synthetic formula diet that provided vitamins,choline,minerals,animal protein,purified water,and corn starch.Within a few weeks,Duncan developed patches of scaly skin on his arms and legs and bald spots on his head.When _____ was added to his formula,the signs of the nutritional deficiency disappeared.

A)polyunsaturated fat
B)calcium citrate
C)steroid hormones
D)oleic acid

Question 10

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together.All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds.Based on this information,the compound is a (an)_____ fatty acid.

A)polyunsaturated
B)monounsaturated
C)saturated
D)essential

Question 11

Victor is making cake batter.When he added corn oil,fat-free milk,baking powder,and salt together,the oil and milk separated into two layers.To make a mixture that does not separate into oily and watery components,Victor should add _____ and stir the ingredients together.

A)sugar
B)egg yolks
C)milk protein
D)fruit juice

Question 12

In the body,lipids

A)provide insulation against cold temperatures.
B)are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber.
C)stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals.
D)assist protein absorption.

Question 13

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat?

A)palm oil
B)sunflower oil
C)canola oil
D)grapeseed oil

Question 14

When she prepares food,Felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat.Based on this information,which of the following fats should she select?

A)unsalted butter
B)cream cheese
C)olive oil
D)coconut oil

Question 15

In the body,lipids

A)are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber.
B)help maintain cell membranes.
C)stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals.
D)increase the rate of protein absorption.

Question 16

A group of scientists designed a clinical study to investigate the effects of cholesterol deficiency in humans.For the duration of the 8-week study,the adult subjects must live in a special research unit of a hospital.The only food the subjects can consume is a synthetic formula that contains all known nutrients,except cholesterol.Based on this information,you would expect

A)100% of the subjects to show signs and symptoms of cholesterol deficiency within the first 3 weeks of participating in the study.
B)about 20% of the subjects to show signs and symptoms of a cholesterol deficiency within the first week of participating in the study.
C)about 50% of the subjects to show signs and symptoms of a cholesterol deficiency within the first week of the study.
D)none of the subjects to show signs and symptoms of a cholesterol deficiency during the entire study.

Question 17

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat?

A)coconut oil
B)palm oil
C)butter fat
D)chicken fat

Question 18

Most lipids have _____ in their chemical structures.

A)glucose molecules
B)nitrogen atoms
C)fatty acids
D)phospholipids

Question 19

A baby's body uses essential fatty acids

A)to make proteins.
B)for nervous system development.
C)to form glycogen.
D)for red blood cell maintenance.

Question 20

Which of the following substances is a dietary essential?

A)linoleic acid
B)eicosapentaenoic acid
C)docosahexaenoic acid
D)arachidonic acid

Question 21

A chylomicron is a type of

A)lipoprotein.
B)fatty acid.
C)sterol.
D)phospholipid.

Question 22

Which of the following foods is a rich source of lecithin?

A)peanut butter
B)green apples
C)raw carrots
D)Chinese cabbage

Question 23

The largest and most dense lipoprotein is a

A)chylomicron.
B)VLDL.
C)LDL.
D)C-reactive protein.

Question 24

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

A)VLDL
B)LDL
C)HDL
D)chylomicron

Question 25

Lecithin is a type of

A)sterol.
B)triglyceride.
C)phospholipid.
D)fatty acid.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Your intestinal cells convert bile into chylomicrons.
B)All forms of LDL cholesterol are considered unhealthy,because they increase the risk of diabetes.
C)VLDLs transport most cholesterol in blood to the liver for disposal.
D)Cigarette smoking increases the production of oxidized LDL cholesterol.

Question 27

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)liquid olive oil
B)frozen pizza
C)salad dressings
D)pork fat

Question 28

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)liquid olive oil
B)stick margarine
C)salad dressing
D)pork fat

Question 29

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)homemade butter-cream cake frosting
B)liquid or soft margarines
C)refrigerated tubes of biscuit dough
D)American processed cheese

Question 30

Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids.

A)unsaturated
B)saturated
C)polyunsaturated
D)monounsaturated

Question 31

Which of the following foods is a rich source of lecithin?

A)soybeans
B)peaches
C)watermelon
D)cabbage

Question 32

When he prepares food,Edgar wants to use ingredients that are not high in trans fat.Based on this information,which of the following fats should he include in his recipes?

A)corn oil
B)vegetable shortening
C)stick margarine
D)partially-hydrogenated peanut oil

Question 33

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)ready-to-use frostings
B)liquid or soft margarines
C)canned vegetables
D)American processed cheese

Question 34

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)liquid corn oil
B)commercial baked goods
C)salad dressings
D)frozen vegetables

Question 35

When he prepares food,Nick wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat.Based on this information,which of the following fats should he select?

A)unsalted butter
B)partially hydrogenated shortening
C)coconut oil
D)canola oil

Question 36

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Food fat is not a source of essential nutrients.
B)Fat contributes to the flavor of foods.
C)Fatty foods lack the smooth texture that carbohydrate-rich foods have.
D)Adding fat to a food reduces the food's "mouth feel."

Question 37

Which of the following foods is a rich source of lecithin?

A)wheat germ
B)green apples
C)raw carrots
D)Chinese cabbage

Question 38

Layla loves to cook,but she is concerned about the effects that certain dietary lipids may have on her health.She wants to prepare foods with fats and oils that are naturally low in trans fats and saturated fatty acids,and high in monounsaturated fatty acids.Based on this information,which of the following foods should she select?

A)stick margarine
B)cocoa butter
C)olive oil
D)coconut oil

Question 39

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets?

A)fast food
B)liquid margarine
C)salad dressing
D)chicken fat

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Trans fatty acids are a by-product of the emulsification process.
B)Phospholipids are partially water soluble.
C)Your body is unable to synthesize cholesterol.
D)Your body can make alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid.

Question 41

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

A)green beans
B)2% milk
C)roast beef
D)soybean oil

Question 42

Nick wants to lower his blood cholesterol level.Based on this information,he should

A)eat more whole-grain products.
B)limit his intake of nuts and seeds.
C)increase his intake of trans fat.
D)switch from drinking fat-free milk to whole milk.

Question 43

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level.Based on this information,he should limit his intake of

A)whole-grain products.
B)nuts and seeds.
C)butter and beef.
D)fruit juices.

Question 44

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

A)baked beans
B)brown rice
C)baked trout
D)raw carrots

Question 45

Which of the following foods is a source of cholesterol?

A)organic carrots
B)rolled oats
C)pork loin
D)corn syrup

Question 46

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)cherries
B)1% milk
C)peanuts
D)beef

Question 47

Compared to an unsaturated fatty acid,a trans fatty acid is

A)less likely to become rancid.
B)less harmful to health.
C)more likely to be in foods that have not undergone processing.
D)more likely to be in fats that are liquid at room temperature.

Question 48

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

A)raw carrots
B)1% milk
C)corn oil
D)ground beef

Question 49

Lauren wants to lower her risk of cardiovascular disease.Based on this information,she should

A)reduce her intake of whole-grain products.
B)become more physically active.
C)use shortening instead of oils.
D)increase her saturated fat intake.

Question 50

Brett eats _____ to increase his intake of omega-3 fatty acids.

A)baked beans
B)whole-wheat bread
C)fresh strawberries
D)canned sardines

Question 51

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of saturated fat and cholesterol?

A)coconut oil
B)peanut butter
C)whole milk
D)sunflower seeds

Question 52

April wants to add _____ to her salad,because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.

A)walnuts
B)orange slices
C)cheddar cheese
D)whole-grain bread cubes

Question 53

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)avocado
B)soybean oil
C)butter fat
D)coconut oil

Question 54

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

A)cream cheese
B)olive oil
C)chicken fat
D)walnut oil

Question 55

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)coconut oil
B)canola oil
C)butter fat
D)corn oil

Question 56

Carla wants to lower her risk of cardiovascular disease.Based on this information,she should limit her intake of

A)whole-grain products.
B)nuts and seeds.
C)salty foods.
D)fruit juices.

Question 57

Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?

A)beans
B)butter
C)banana
D)potato

Question 58

Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol?

A)broccoli
B)peanuts
C)oranges
D)chicken

Question 59

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

A)canned salmon
B)2% milk
C)pork loin
D)green peas

Question 60

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

A)ground beef
B)whole-wheat bread
C)baked chicken
D)tuna fish

Question 61

Jared has arteriosclerosis.Based on this information,he has high risk of

A)cancer.
B)hypertension.
C)low C-reactive protein.
D)elevated HDL cholesterol.

Question 62

Bonnie has plaque in an artery in her lower left leg.This condition is a sign of

A)stroke.
B)sleep apnea.
C)peripheral artery disease.
D)angina.

Question 63

Which of the following practices is known to increase a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

A)eating higher than recommended amounts of vitamin E
B)avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke
C)consuming trans fat
D)replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats

Question 64

Owen usually consumes about 3000 kcal/day.On average,his fat intake is approximately 80 g/day.Based on this information,which of the following statements describes Owen's diet?

A)Owen's fat intake meets the RDA for lipids.
B)Owen's fat intake is too high.
C)Owen's fat intake is within the AMDR.
D)Owen's fat intake is not high enough to support good health.

Question 65

Maria usually consumes about 2000 kcal/day.On average,her fat intake is approximately 90 g/day.Based on this information,which of the following statements describes Maria's diet?

A)Maria's fat intake meets the RDA for lipids.
B)Maria's fat intake is higher than the AMDR.
C)Maria's fat intake is within the AI.
D)Maria's fat intake is not high enough to support good health.

Question 66

Nikki has a disease that interferes with the production of lipase in her pancreas.Based on this information,a sign of this disease is

A)high amounts of fat in the stools.
B)ulcer formation in the stomach.
C)lack of saliva in the mouth.
D)low C-reactive protein in blood.

Question 67

Which of the following characteristics is a known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

A)high intakes of vitamin E
B)high intake of soluble fiber
C)increasing age
D)low intake of trans fat

Question 68

Don recorded his food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze his diet record.According to the results of the analysis,his average daily saturated fat intake was 5% of total calories; his average daily unsaturated fat intake was 12% of total calories; and his average daily cholesterol intake was 350 mg.Based on this information,his total fat intake is _____ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

A)below
B)within
C)above
D)More information about Don's omega-3 intake is needed to answer this question.

Question 69

Connor has atherosclerosis within his brain.Based on this information,he has high risk of

A)cancer.
B)stroke.
C)C-reactive protein.
D)angina.

Question 70

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Arterial plaque can result in blocked blood vessels.
B)Arteriosclerosis causes increased blood flow in arteries.
C)Arterial plaque causes the lining of the affected artery to become abnormally smooth.
D)People with arteriosclerosis have a lower than average risk of developing hypertension.

Question 71

Connor has plaque in an artery within his brain.This condition is a sign of

A)atherosclerosis.
B)sleep apnea.
C)peripheral artery disease.
D)angina.

Question 72

Most lipid digestion occurs in the

A)small intestine.
B)stomach.
C)large intestine.
D)pancreas.

Question 73

Bill recorded his food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze his diet record.According to the results of the analysis,his average fat intake was _____ of total calories each day,which is within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)25%

Question 74

Chase is a 22-year-old college student.According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines,fat should comprise _____% of his total energy intake each day.

A)5 to 15
B)15 to 25
C)25 to 35
D)35 to 45

Question 75

Which of the following statements is true?

A)A saturated fat has a triple bond between two carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.
B)A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.
C)The omega end of a fatty acid molecule contains the acid group.
D)A triglyceride has three fatty acids attached to a cholesterol "backbone" molecule.

Question 76

____ are a major end product of fat digestion.

A)Monoglycerides
B)Oxidized lipoproteins
C)Micelles
D)Bile salts

Question 77

Which of the following substances emulsifies lipids during digestion?

A)bile salts
B)pancreatic lipase
C)salivary amylase
D)soluble fiber

Question 78

Phyllis recorded her food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze her diet record.According to the results of the analysis,her average daily saturated fat intake was 10% of total calories; her average daily unsaturated fat intake was 35% of total calories; and her average daily cholesterol intake was 250 mg.Based on this information,her total fat intake is _____ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

A)below
B)within
C)above
D)More information about Phyllis's omega-6 intake is needed to answer this question.

Question 79

Which of the following substances can interfere with the recycling of bile salts in the body?

A)vitamin A
B)soluble fiber
C)mineral water
D)fatty acids

Question 80

Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day.According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines,she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ____ kcal/day

A)150
B)250
C)350
D)450