Deck 3: Making More Nutritious Choices

Question 1

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.

A)RDA
B)EAR
C)UL
D)%DV

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

A)If you do not consume 100% of the RDA for vitamin C each day,you have a high risk of developing the vitamin's deficiency disease.
B)Dietitians use MyPlate as the standard for assessing a population's nutrient adequacy.
C)Dietitians use Daily Values to determine the nutritional adequacy of Americans' diets.
D)The RDA for vitamin E meets the needs of nearly all healthy persons.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Josh was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much thiamin cures beriberi,the vitamin's deficiency disease.During the study,Josh consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete,except it did not contain thiamin.Within a few weeks,Josh developed beriberi.At that point,researchers gave 0.20 mg thiamin to Josh each day for a week,but his signs and symptoms of beriberi remained.In the weeks that followed,the scientists continued to increase Josh's intake of the vitamin by 0.2 mg/week.After a week of taking 0.6 mg of thiamin/day,Josh reported feeling much better.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that Josh's

A)RDA for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.
B)UL for thiamin was 0.20 mg/day.
C)AMDR for thiamin was between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/day.
D)requirement for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A nutrient requirement is

A)the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a particular level of nutritional health.
B)a biological need for a nutrient that has a margin of safety amount factored into the value.
C)the recommended daily intake of a nutrient.
D)an amount of a nutrient that ensures optimal nutritional status.

Question 5

A group of 50 adult male humans were in a clinical study to determine how much niacin is toxic.During the first two weeks of the study,members of the group consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete,except it contained 24 mg niacin,which is 1.5 times the RDA for niacin (males).At that point in the study,all members reported feeling fine,and they could function normally.During the next week,they were given a formula that contained 48 mg niacin.Within a few days of consuming this formula,90% of the participants reported feeling ill,and they complained of having upset stomachs and reddened facial skin.At that point,researchers gave the subjects a formula that contain 16 mg niacin.After a week of consuming the new formula,all participants reported feeling well again.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that the

A)EER for niacin was 16 mg/day.
B)UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day.
C)human requirement for niacin is 16 mg/day.
D)AMDR for niacin is between 16 and 24 mg/day.

Question 6

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile.Based on this information,she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formula.

A)Dietary Guidelines (2010 version)
B)DRIs
C)MyPlate
D)%DVs

Question 7

Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving.According to MyPlate,these drinks should be classified as

A)fruit juices.
B)watery fluids.
C)carbohydrate-rich foods.
D)empty calories.

Question 8

One day,Hillary ate snacks that included peanut butter on crackers,a bowl of chocolate pudding,a sugar-sweetened soft drink,and a hard-cooked egg.According to MyPlate,which of these foods is a major source of empty calories in Americans' diets?

A)chocolate pudding
B)soft drink
C)peanut butter
D)hard-cooked egg

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Nutrition scientists have established RDAs for all essential nutrients.
B)People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement.
C)People who consume 95% of the RDA for iron regularly have a high risk of developing an iron deficiency.
D)People who consume less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient have a high risk of developing the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

Question 10

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)is the

A)amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.
B)range of intake for a particular nutrient that is not likely to cause toxicity or deficiency.
C)minimum amount of a nutrient that prevents the nutrient's deficiency disease in 98% of the population.
D)optimal amount of a nutrient that 100% of the population can safely consume daily.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Dietitians usually rely on Daily Values to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets.
B)To avoid nutrient deficiency disorders,most Americans should consume 50% of the EAR for each nutrient.
C)A person who meets the EER for his or her racial and/or ethnic ancestry will gain at least two pounds/week.
D)A person who regularly consumes more than the UL for a nutrient is likely to develop the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Nutritional standards are often used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets.
B)Most Americans should consume 150% of the RDA or AI for each nutrient.
C)A nutrient requirement is the maximum amount that results in optimal nutritional status.
D)Scientists used the Daily Values to develop the RDAs.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true?

A)If you do not consume 100% of the RDA for vitamin C each day,you have a high risk of developing the vitamin's deficiency disease.
B)Dietitians use MyPyramid as the standard for assessing a population's nutrient adequacy.
C)Dietitians use Daily Values to determine the nutritional adequacy of Americans' diets.
D)The RDA for vitamin E meets the needs of nearly all healthy persons.

Question 14

According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010,healthy people who are less than 51 years of age and are not African American should limit their sodium intake to _____ mg/day.

A)300
B)1000
C)2300
D)4300

Question 15

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who need to boost their nutrient intakes.Which of the following is a dietary standard that he is likely to use to develop the new formula?

A)%DVs
B)RDAs
C)Dietary Guidelines
D)MyPlate

Question 16

Recently,Miriah participated in a study that was designed to determine how much iron is necessary to prevent iron deficiency.Within a few weeks of consuming an iron-free diet,Miriah's red blood cells began to show signs that they lacked iron,and she began to complain about feeling tired.At that point,the researcher added some iron to Miriah's food,so her daily intake of the mineral would be 1 mg.After 1 week,the researchers checked the iron content of Miriah's blood,and although it was higher than the earlier value,she still complained about feeling tired.In the weeks that followed,the scientists continued to increase Miriah's iron intake by 1 mg/week and check her for signs and symptoms of iron deficiency.After a week of taking 6 mg of iron/day,she reported feeling like "her old self" and having plenty of energy.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that Miriah's

A)UL for iron was 6 mg,plus 3 mg as a margin of safety.
B)RDA for iron was 6 mg.
C)body required 6 mg iron/day.
D)AMDR for iron was 6 mg/day.

Question 17

Kevin was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much niacin cures pellagra,the niacin deficiency disease.During the study,he consumed only a formula diet that was deficient in niacin.After developing pellagra,he was given 2 mg of niacin a day for 2 weeks,but he still suffered from the disease,so the scientists added 2 mg of the vitamin to Kevin's formula.By the beginning of the 5th week of the study,the researchers noticed that Kevin's signs and symptoms were greatly improved.At the end of the 5th week,he was feeling fine.The researchers concluded that

A)Kevin's niacin requirement was about 4 mg a day.
B)the RDA for niacin should be 4 mg.
C)the AI for niacin should be 4 mg plus 60 mg as a margin of safety.
D)Kevin's daily value for niacin was 4 mg a day.

Question 18

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the

A)amount that meets the nutrient needs of 98% of the population.
B)minimum amount that can be tolerated on an empty stomach when consumed as a dietary supplement.
C)highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.
D)precise amount that has been proven to cure the nutrient's deficiency disorder in humans.

Question 19

To establish a nutrient's RDA,nutrition scientists add _____ of the nutrient to its EAR.

A)50 to 100 mg
B)a "margin of safety" amount
C)an AI amount
D)the %DV amount

Question 20

A team of scientists determines that 50% of healthy women who are between 19 and 30 years of age need 40 mg of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin's deficiency disorder.Based on this information,the

A)women will develop the vitamin's toxicity disorder when they consume between 40 and 50 mg of the vitamin on a daily basis for about 10 weeks.
B)scientists can determine the RDA for the vitamin.
C)women can meet their AMDR for the vitamin by consuming at least 40 mg/day.
D)UL for the vitamin will be based on the EER value.

Question 21

Today,Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns,3 slices of cheese,and 10 ounces of roast beef.He also drank 3 cups of orange juice.According to MyPlate,he ate nothing from the food group that includes

A)eggs.
B)fat-free milk.
C)peanut butter.
D)broccoli.

Question 22

In general,food guides do not group _____ with dairy foods.

A)American cheese
B)fat-free yogurt
C)unsalted butter
D)pudding made with 1% milk

Question 23

According to MyPlate,Erika should consume 3 cups of milk daily.She prefers eating plain yogurt to drinking milk.How much plain yogurt can she eat to meet her plan's recommendation for milk and milk products?

A)2 cups
B)3 cups
C)4 cups
D)5 cups

Question 24

Which of the following recommendations is an overarching concept of Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010?

A)Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods and beverages
B)Incorporate whole grains into half of your meals
C)Reduce your intake of salt to lower your risk of hypertension
D)Keep trans fats as low as possible.

Question 25

Derek wants to eat enough salad greens in one meal to equal 1 cup of vegetables.How much of the greens should he eat?

A)½ cup
B)1 cup
C)2 cups
D)1½ cups

Question 26

While baking,Max wants to use an ingredient that contains healthy fat in a recipe.Which of the following fats should he use?

A)shortening
B)lard
C)unsalted butter
D)corn oil

Question 27

According to MyPlate,Felicia should consume 2 cups of fruit daily.How much 100% orange juice should consume to replace 1 cup of applesauce?

A)½ cup
B)1 cup
C)2 cups
D)2½ cups

Question 28

Today,the only food Meghan ate was 16 ounces of lemon-flavored yogurt,8 ounces of cooked turkey,and 2 cups of ready-to-eat cereal.According to MyPlate,she ate nothing from the food group that includes

A)strawberries.
B)soy milk.
C)whole-grain pasta.
D)eggs.

Question 29

Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate?

A)dairy
B)grains
C)oils
D)protein foods

Question 30

Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the _____ group.

A)empty-calories
B)fruit and vegetable
C)protein foods
D)other foods

Question 31

Food guides generally do not group _____ with dairy foods.

A)eggs
B)American cheese
C)plain yogurt
D)pudding

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Avocados and some types of fish can be grouped with oils.
B)Because margarine is a substitute for butter,it is classified as a dairy food.
C)Most food guides classify milk in the protein foods group.
D)Most food guides include cream as a member of the dairy foods group.

Question 33

Three-year-old Amanda does not like to drink milk,but she will eat certain kinds of natural cheese,especially cheddar cheese.According to MyPlate,Amanda should consume 2 cups of dairy products daily.To meet this recommendation,Amanda can consume ____ of cheddar cheese daily.

A)2 ounces
B)2.5 ounces
C)3.5 ounces
D)3 ounces

Question 34

Some food guides classify dried beans and peas with

A)empty-calorie foods.
B)seeds and nuts.
C)fruits and vegetables.
D)low-fat dairy products.

Question 35

Some food guides classify _____ as oils.

A)fatty fish
B)hard-cooked eggs
C)vanilla ice cream
D)whole milk

Question 36

According to MyPlate,Donovan should consume 3 cups of dairy products daily.Which of the following foods should he eat to replace 1 cup of milk?

A)1.5 oz cream cheese
B)1.5 cups baked beans
C)1 cup cottage cheese
D)2 oz of processed cheese

Question 37

When following recipes,Candice wants to use fats that are not solid fats.Which of the following fats should she use?

A)unsalted butter
B)shortening
C)safflower oil
D)lard

Question 38

According to MyPlate,Chloe should consume 2½ cups of vegetables daily.She wants to substitute enough vegetable juice to equal 1 cup of raw vegetables.Based on this information,Chloe should drink ____ of the juice.

A)½ cup
B)1 cup
C)1½ cups
D)2 cups

Question 39

In general,food guides do not group _____ with dairy foods.

A)cream cheese
B)pudding made with fat-free milk
C)ice cream
D)frozen yogurt

Question 40

Food guides classify _____ with oils.

A)American cheese
B)hard-cooked eggs
C)mayonnaise
D)ice cream

Question 41

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups?

A)Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,peanut butter,wheat germ,and fresh peaches
B)Oatmeal cereal with fresh strawberries,almonds,and fat-free milk
C)Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese,Swiss cheese,mayonnaise,and two slices of buttered,whole-wheat bread
D)Stir-fry made with shrimp,rice,green peas,broccoli,and onions

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Daily Values are nutrient recommendations that are based on the EERs for adults.
B)Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes.
C)If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients,you have a high risk of developing nutritional deficiency disorders.
D)Daily Values have been established for each nutrient.

Question 43

Regular mayonnaise is nearly 100% fat and supplies about 100 kcal per tablespoon.To be labeled "light" mayonnaise,a product that simulates regular mayonnaise should provide less than _____ kcal per tablespoon.

A)17
B)27
C)37
D)67

Question 44

While in college,Ray gained several pounds of body fat.He wants to use the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010 to achieve a healthy body weight.According to these guidelines,he should

A)include 15 minutes of stretching,before and after his workouts.
B)eat grapefruit and other foods that increase the metabolic rate.
C)reduce the time he spends being physically inactive.
D)increase his protein intake while decreasing his carbohydrate intake.

Question 45

Robin reads Nutrition Facts panels on packaged foods to choose nutrient-dense products.By reading the panels,she is able to determine the amount of _____ in a serving of a food.

A)pesticides
B)sodium
C)additives
D)water

Question 46

Kristan uses % DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods.She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients?

A)Fat
B)Vitamin C
C)Cholesterol
D)Sodium

Question 47

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups?

A)Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries,blueberries,and fat-free milk
B)Casserole made with canned tuna,green onions,noodles,and cheddar cheese
C)Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese,Swiss cheese,and two slices of buttered whole-wheat bread
D)Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,fat-free milk,orange juice,wheat germ,and fresh peaches

Question 48

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent all MyPlate food groups?

A)Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries,blueberries,wheat germ,and fat-free milk
B)Sandwich made with Swiss cheese,cooked ham,mayonnaise,and two slices of buttered whole-wheat bread
C)Salad made hard-cooked eggs,grapes,leaf lettuce,cooked pasta,and cheddar cheese
D)Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,fat-free milk,orange juice,wheat germ,and fresh peaches

Question 49

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups?

A)Vanilla ice cream topped with peanuts,strawberries,and chocolate syrup
B)Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,fat-free milk,and fresh peaches
C)Sandwich made with American cheese,chicken,leaf lettuce,sliced tomato,mayonnaise,and two slices of whole-wheat bread
D)Casserole made with cooked ham,cheddar cheese,peas,and milk

Question 50

While in college,Rachael gained several pounds of body fat.She wants to use the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010 to achieve a healthy body weight.According to these guidelines,she should

A)consume fewer potassium-rich foods.
B)eat grapefruit and other foods that increase the metabolic rate.
C)become more physically active.
D)increase her intake of protein-rich foods.

Question 51

Maple syrup supplies about 200 kcal per ¼ cup serving.To be labeled "light" pancake syrup,a product that simulates maple syrup should provide about _____ or fewer kcal per ¼ cup.

A)43
B)52
C)133
D)152

Question 52

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups?

A)Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries and fat-free milk.
B)Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,and fresh peaches.
C)Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese and two slices of whole-wheat bread.
D)Tuna-noodle casserole made with canned tuna,green onions,noodles,and cheddar cheese.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is true?

A)The Daily Value for sugars is 100 g/day.
B)No Daily Value has been established for trans fat.
C)If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients,you have a high risk of developing nutritional deficiency disorders.
D)You should aim to consume at least 100% of the Daily Values for cholesterol,sodium,and fiber.

Question 54

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices?

A)RDAs
B)ULs
C)AIs
D)DVs

Question 55

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups?

A)Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,wheat germ,and fresh peaches
B)Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese,Swiss cheese,mayonnaise,and two slices of buttered,whole-wheat bread
C)Oatmeal cereal with fresh strawberries,almonds,and fat-free milk
D)Stir-fry made with shrimp,rice,green peas,broccoli,and onions

Question 56

Tabitha is a 19-year-old African American who wants to follow recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010.According to the guidelines,Tabitha should

A)take a dietary supplement that contains vitamin A daily.
B)drink at least two servings of alcohol daily.
C)limit her sodium intake to 2400 mg/day.
D)control her caloric intake to manage her weight.

Question 57

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent two different MyPlate food groups?

A)Vanilla ice cream topped with peanuts,strawberries,and chocolate syrup
B)Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,fat-free milk,and fresh peaches
C)Cheese sandwich made with American cheese,leaf lettuce,sliced tomato,mayonnaise,and two slices of whole-wheat bread
D)Casserole made with cooked ham,cheddar cheese,peas,and milk

Question 58

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups?

A)Stir-fry made with chicken,broccoli,rice,green peas,and soy sauce
B)Cooked oatmeal with fresh blueberries,walnuts,and fat-free milk
C)Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese,Swiss cheese,mayonnaise,and two slices of buttered,whole-wheat bread
D)Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt,orange juice,peanut butter,toasted wheat germ,and fresh peaches

Question 59

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010,_____ are unhealthy and should be consumed in limited amounts.

A)trans fats
B)grilled meats
C)potassium-rich foods
D)dietary supplements

Question 60

Max wants to increase his intake of vitamin C without taking a dietary supplement.When he shops for food,he reads Nutrition Facts labels.Which of the following kinds of information will help him choose foods that are the richest sources of vitamin C?

A)Structure/function claims
B)%DVs
C)Country of origin information
D)Organic food logo

Question 61

The RDA for a mineral is 5 mg/day.A megadose of this mineral would be at least ____ mg/day.

A)0.50
B)0.05
C)50.0
D)5.00

Question 62

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that they are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s)of fat or less per serving.

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7

Question 63

Which of the following products is a popular dietary supplement among American adults?

A)aspirin
B)dried mango
C)echinacea
D)poppyseed extract

Question 64

Which of the following dietary supplements is an herbal product that is highly toxic or contains cancer-causing material?

A)pennyroyal
B)fish oil
C)garlic
D)vitamin C

Question 65

Which of the following statements is true?

A)The FDA has established Daily Values for nonnutrient dietary supplements.
B)The FDA does not permit dietary supplement manufacturers to display structure/function claims on package labels.
C)The FDA must review every health-related claim before a dietary supplement manufacturer can display the claim on a label.
D)The FDA does not permit dietary supplement manufacturers to market their products as cures for diseases.

Question 66

Before she shops for groceries,Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family.Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use?

A)Recommended Dietary Allowances
B)Daily Values
C)MyPlate
D)Basic Four Food Groups

Question 67

A team of scientists extracts a chemical that they call "Zombia" from the leaves of a common houseplant.One of the scientists would like to market Zombia as a dietary supplement because it makes people sleepy,when it is injected into them.Based on this information,Zombia

A)cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement.
B)can be marketed as a dietary supplement because it is from a plant.
C)cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement because its source is widespread in nature.
D)can be marketed as a dietary supplement,but only if it is promoted as a conventional food item.

Question 68

According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2010,Americans should limit their cholesterol intake to _____ mg/day.

A)less than 50
B)100
C)200
D)300

Question 69

The RDA for a vitamin is 75 mg/day.A megadose of this vitamin would be at least ____ mg/day.

A)7.5
B)750
C)0.75
D)0.075

Question 70

Which of the following dietary supplements is an herbal product that is highly toxic or contains cancer-causing material?

A)ma huang
B)fish oil
C)garlic
D)green tea

Question 71

Which of the following dietary supplements is an herbal product that is highly toxic or contains cancer-causing material?

A)comfrey
B)vitamin E
C)garlic
D)potassium