Deck 15: Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining

Question 1

The union stresses seniority as a means of reducing the tendency for discrimination and favoritism in HRM decision making.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Over 95 percent of labor contracts call for a strike if a deadlock occurs during the handling of a grievance.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

National unions have no control over local unions.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Massachusetts Supreme Court case Commonwealth v.Hunt ____________.

A)decided that criminal conspiracy did exist when union members "conspired to damage the economic interest of an organization by withholding labor"
B)decided that criminal conspiracy did not exist if unions did not use illegal tactics to achieve legitimate goals
C)resulted in striking employees being fined $8.20 each for criminal conspiracy
D)Both A and C are correct.

Question 5

Members of __________ are all employees in a company or industry,regardless of occupation.

A)an industrial union
B)craft union
C)labor union
D)occupational consortium

Question 6

In a tight economy,a union's push for higher wages is more likely to succeed.

Question 7

A preferential shop is one in which there is neither a union present nor an effort by management to keep the union out.

Question 8

The Taft-Hartley Act guaranteed employees' right to strike.

Question 9

If the union can demonstrate that it represents a majority of the firm's employees,management can voluntarily recognize the union as the exclusive bargaining representative.

Question 10

Justification of the Wagner Act was based upon the notion that an individual employee has unequal bargaining power when compared with the position of the employer.

Question 11

If the labor market has a surplus and the demand for goods is soft,the union has a bargaining advantage.

Question 12

An objectives of the Knights of Labor was ________________.

A)to establish one large union for all employees regardless of trade
B)to replace the American political and economic system of capitalism with socialism
C)to organize labor in support in support of the war effort
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 13

It is a violation of labor laws for a union to cause an employer to discriminate against an employee,other than for nonpayment of dues or initiation fees.

Question 14

The first union to achieve significant size and influence was the __________.

A)Knights of Labor
B)Congress of Labor
C)Knights of Columbus
D)Teamsters

Question 15

In right to work states,resignation from a union does not affect the resigning employee's benefits,even if they are provided for under a collective bargaining agreement.

Question 16

Competition for new union members led to bitter conflicts between the AFL and CIO until they merged.

Question 17

Workers who are locked out,unlike those who strike,can be permanently replaced.

Question 18

Picketing can be used,without a strike,to publicize a union's viewpoints about an employer.

Question 19

Members of a ___________ belong to one craft or to a closely related group of occupations.

A)an industrial union
B)craft union
C)labor union
D)occupational consortium

Question 20

Public employees first organized during the early 1800s in federal steel mills.

Question 21

Which of the following statutes extended the prohibition of yellow-dog contracts beyond the railroad industry?

A)Wagner Act
B)Taft-Hartley Act
C)Norris-LaGuardia Act
D)Jefferson-Jones Act

Question 22

Which of the following is the least likely to trigger union organizing?

A)Lack of job security
B)Hostile supervisory practices
C)Hiring a pro-union employee
D)Inadequate health care benefits

Question 23

In a(n)_______________,all nonmanagerial employees must pay union dues,whether or not they are members of the union.

A)restricted shop
B)agency shop
C)preferential shop
D)closed shop

Question 24

Employees may join unions to meet a number of needs.In addition to fair compensation,which of the following needs may be satisfied by union membership?

A)Job security
B)Socialization and group membership
C)Safe and healthy working conditions
D)All of the above are reasons why employees join unions.

Question 25

NLRB certification elections are conducted __________.

A)via the distribution of authorization cards
B)by secret ballot
C)by certified mail
D)initially conducted by voice vote to indicate if a clear majority exists

Question 26

In a(n)_______________,a new employee must be a union member when hired.

A)restricted shop
B)agency shop
C)preferential shop
D)closed shop

Question 27

An intermediate union body is usually affiliated with a national union and provides services to a specific:

A)Geographic area
B)Industry
C)Business
D)Union steward

Question 28

_________ require employees to promise not to join labor unions in exchange for employment.

A)Scab contracts
B)Yellow-dog contracts
C)Black-flag contracts
D)Right to work contracts

Question 29

At least __ percent of the employees must sign before the NLRB can be petitioned to hold a representation election.However,if over ___ percent of the employees sign up,the union can ask the company directly that it be named representative without a certification election.

A)10;30
B)30;50
C)35;51
D)50;100

Question 30

The Landrum-Griffin Act gives every union member the right to do all of the following except:

A)Nominate candidates for union office
B)Vote in union elections
C)Attend union meetings
D)Leave the union while maintaining union negotiated benefits

Question 31

Which of the following statutes was passed to regulate the internal affairs of unions?

A)Wagner Act
B)Taft-Hartley Act
C)Norris-LaGuardia Act
D)Landrum-Griffin Act

Question 32

The major responsibilities of the _____________ are to negotiate and administer the labor agreement and to settle problems that may arise in connection with the contract.

A)union steward
B)shop steward
C)business representative
D)shop representative

Question 33

The Norris-LaGuardia Act limited the use of injunctions by federal courts to stop:

A)Union picketing
B)Boycotts
C)Strikes
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 34

The National Labor Relations act is also known as the _________.

A)Wagner Act
B)Taft-Hartley Act
C)Landrum-Griffin Act
D)Jefferson-Jones Act

Question 35

The AFL-CIO describes ____________ as "the labor movement's lifeblood and the most critical element in the pursuit of our historic goal of helping working people secure justice,dignity,and a voice in the workplace and throughout society."

A)union dues
B)union organizing
C)union membership
D)contract victories

Question 36

Yellow-dog contracts were prohibited in the

A)Railroad Labor Act
B)Norris-LaGuardia Act
C)Anti-Injunction Act
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 37

Mike is an employee and a member of the union who represents and strives to keep the lines of communication,trust,and respect open between union members and management.Mike is most likely the __________.

A)union steward
B)shop supervisor
C)union supervisor
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 38

Which of the following are in proper chronological order?

A)National Labor Relations Act,Labor Management Relations Act,Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
B)Railway Labor Act,Taft-Hartley Act,National Labor Relations Act,Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
C)Railway Labor Act,Labor Management Relations Act,National Labor Relations Act,Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
D)None of the above.

Question 39

The AFL-CIO was formed in 1955 when the American Federation of Labor merged with the:

A)Congress of Industrial Organization
B)Coalition of Industry Organizers
C)Convention of Industrial Organizers
D)Conventional Industry Organizers

Question 40

The _______________ represents the interests of the local union members in their relations with managers on the job.

A)business representative
B)president
C)union steward
D)committee chairperson

Question 41

Bargaining is the process of _______________ in order to bring about a favorable agreement for those represented.

A)debating
B)discussing
C)threatening
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 42

Jurisdictional strikes exist when two unions argue over who has the right to perform and ___________.

A)are legal under the Landrum-Griffin Act
B)are illegal under the Wagner Act
C)are illegal under the Taft-Hartley Act
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 43

With a(n)_______________ negotiation strategy,each party is uncompromising,takes a hard line,and resists any overtures for compromise or agreement.

A)conflict-based
B)armed truce
C)power bargaining
D)cooperation

Question 44

Negotiating teams generally include all of the following except:

A)A leader
B)A summarizer
C)An enforcer
D)A recorder

Question 45

Workers who are locked out ______________

A)cannot be permanently replaced
B)are prohibited from collecting unemployment under the Management Relations act
C)can be permanently replaced
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 46

If a union loses a certification election,it cannot represent the employees and a new representation election for that bargaining unit cannot be held ______________.

A)by that union at that location for five years
B)by that union for one year
C)for one year
D)for at least 90 days.

Question 47

The average union-management contract is designed to last for _______________.

A)1 to 2 years
B)2 to 3 years
C)3 to 5 years
D)10 years or longer

Question 48

Secondary boycotts ___________.

A)are regulated by the Landrum-Griffin Act
B)are generally illegal under the Wagner Act
C)are generally illegal under the Taft-Hartley Act
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 49

Distributive bargaining occurs when labor and management are in conflict on an issue and when the outcome is a _______________ situation.

A)win-win
B)lose-lose
C)win-lose
D)All of the choices are correct.

Question 50

In right-to-work states,employees who choose to resign from their union _____________.

A)may be prohibited from participating in internal union activities such as union elections and meetings
B)however,resignation does not affect employee benefits provided by the employer under a collective bargaining agreement.
C)however,resignation affects employee benefits provided by the employer under a collective bargaining agreement.
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 51

_______________ is an activity that is not normally shared with the union.

A)Production scheduling
B)Making final hiring decisions
C)Purchasing equipment
D)All of the choices are correct

Question 52

Which of the following is not an example of bad faith bargaining?

A)Unwillingness to make counterproposals.
B)Constantly changing positions.
C)Adversarial posture and tone
D)Use of delaying tactics.

Question 53

The Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA)is a _______________ bipartisan group that administers the labor relations program.

A)two-person
B)three-member
C)multi-industry
D)labor-friendly

Question 54

A(n)_______________ is an unapproved strike that occurs suddenly because a union subgroup is not satisfied with a grievance decision or some managerial action.

A)economic strike
B)jurisdictional strike
C)wildcat strike
D)sitdown strike

Question 55

With a(n)_______________ negotiation strategy,positive compromises,flexibility,and tolerance are used,rather than emotion and raw power.

A)conflict-based
B)armed truce
C)power bargaining
D)accommodation

Question 56

Taft-Hartley Act is section 14B _______________________.

A)provides that should any state wish to pass legislation more restrictive of union security than the union shop,the state is free to do so
B)provides that states may prohibit labor contracts that make union membership a condition of retaining employment
C)prohibited sweetheart contracts
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 57

A(n)_______________ requires a new employee to become a union member after being hired.

A)restricted shop
B)agency shop
C)union shop
D)closed shop

Question 58

A(n)_______________ is based on a demand for higher wages or better fringe benefits than the employer wants to provide.

A)economic strike
B)jurisdictional strike
C)wildcat strike
D)sitdown strike

Question 59

When using this negotiating tactic,each party views the other as an adversary.

A)conflict-based
B)armed truce
C)power bargaining
D)accommodation

Question 60

Ratification of a union contract usually requires the approval of _______________ of the union members.

A)one fourth
B)one half
C)a simple majority
D)75 percent

Question 61

Why was the strength of the Knights of Labor diluted?

Question 62

Which of the following industries has the lowest union membership?

A)Transportation
B)Manufacturing
C)Construction
D)Real estate

Question 63

What is featherbedding?

Question 64

According to the NLRB and court decisions,unions are permitted ______________.

A)to orally solicit employees during nonwork hours in both work and nonwork areas
B)to orally solicit employees during work hours in both work and nonwork areas
C)to distribute literature to employees during nonwork hours in both work and nonwork areas
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 65

In 2007,_______________ accounted for the highest percentage of union membership.

A)African-Americans
B)whites
C)Asians
D)Hispanics

Question 66

What are the three basic types of collective bargaining?

Question 67

The largest union membership,as a percentage of the workforce,is found in:

A)The United States
B)Sweden
C)Germany
D)China

Question 68

Which of the following is not a factor that is contributing to the erosion of union power?

A)Increased competition in a global market
B)New waves of immigration
C)Growing size of the contingent labor force
D)Rapidly increasing union dues

Question 69

Identify five characteristics of a successful mediator.

Question 70

In ___________,a neutral third party studies the issues in a dispute and recommends a reasonable settlement.

A)arbitration
B)conciliation
C)fact-finding
D)negotiation

Question 71

In ___________,a neutral third party imposes a settlement on the disputing parties.

A)interest arbitration
B)conciliation
C)fact-finding
D)mediation

Question 72

What is a labor union?

Question 73

Arbitrators generally come from all of the following sources except:

A)Union leaders
B)Attorneys who are full-time arbitrators
C)Academics
D)Respected members of the community

Question 74

Identify three critical factors that will impact the future of American unions and whether or not they remain an important part of our economy.

Question 75

What is a sweetheart contract?

Question 76

Infractions that are typically spelled out in labor contracts include all of the following except:

A)Incompetence
B)Arson
C)Misconduct
D)Violations of the contract

Question 77

What is the result of concession bargaining?

Question 78

What is a yellow-dog contract?

Question 79

In the case of an impasse,all of the following types of third-party interventions are possible except:

A)Mediation
B)Mini-trial
C)Fact-finding
D)Interest arbitration

Question 80

The union structure in the United States consists of four levels.What are they?