Deck 29: The Nervous System

Question 1

The ____________ nervous system cannot be controlled by conscious thought.

A) motor
B) voluntary
C) autonomic
D) central

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Cells that insulate and speed impulse conduction down neurons in the PNS are

A) nodes of Ranvier.
B) astrocytes.
C) Schwann cells.
D) oligodendrocytes.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Two senses that are able to detect chemicals in air and in food are

A) touch and pressure.
B) sight and smell.
C) hearing and balance.
D) taste and smell.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Cilia from sensory cells that detect motion are located within the

A) eardrum.
B) semicircular canals.
C) upper nasal cavity.
D) cochlea.

Question 5

______________ nerves carry impulses away from the central nervous system.

A) Sensory
B) Motor
C) Afferent
D) Involuntary

Question 6

The fact that synapses can be excitatory or inhibitory results in a process known as

A) integration.
B) autonomic control.
C) sensory control.
D) interpretation.

Question 7

The human brain's center for thought and association is the

A) cerebellum.
B) hypothalamus.
C) thalamus.
D) cerebrum.

Question 8

The light-detecting visual pigment complex found in human photoreceptors is called

A) rhodopsin.
B) carotene.
C) umami
D) hippocampus.

Question 9

The corpus callosum connects the two halves of the

A) brainstem.
B) thalamus.
C) cerebellum.
D) cerebrum.

Question 10

The brain center for information processing and integrating the internal activities of the body is the

A) cerebrum.
B) hypothalamus.
C) cerebellum.
D) pituitary gland.

Question 11

A nerve impulse is initiated when

A) resting membrane potential is established.
B) physical disruption of the cell membrane causes sodium channels to open.
C) the Schwann cells move into their new position.
D) voltage-gated channels close.

Question 12

The sharpest vision occurs at the ___________ where the concentration of cones is highest.

A) area of the retina closest to the lens at the front of the eye
B) optic nerve
C) fovea
D) parallax

Question 13

The light that passes through the pupil is focused by the lens on the

A) iris.
B) sclera.
C) retina.
D) lens.
E) choroids.

Question 14

There are _____ kinds of cone cells that allow us to see colors.

A) 3
B) 10
C) 200
D) 600

Question 15

The major site of sensory processing in the brain is the

A) thalamus.
B) brain stem.
C) hypothalamus.
D) cerebellum.

Question 16

A large enough,localized "depolarization" in a neuron first causes nearby ____________ channels to open.

A) voltage-gated sodium
B) sodium-potassium pump
C) voltage-gated potassium
D) chemically-gated proton

Question 17

Which of the following is not typically associated with the right half of the cerebrum?

A) Intuition
B) Music
C) Art
D) Speech.

Question 18

The ____________ is responsible for deep-seated emotions,including sex,hunger,thirst,pain,anger,and pleasure.

A) brain stem
B) limbic system
C) pituitary gland
D) cerebellum

Question 19

The _________________ is a network of nerves running through several areas of the brain,and is responsible for sleep and wakefulness.

A) limbic system
B) brain stem
C) medulla oblongata
D) reticular formation

Question 20

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter which forms an excitatory synapse in ____ muscle and an inhibitory synapse in _____ muscle.

A) smooth;skeletal
B) skeletal;cardiac
C) cardiac;skeletal
D) skeletal;smooth

Question 21

A ____________ sheath is an insulating cover consisting of multiple layers that wrap around the axon of a neuron.

Question 22

The gray matter of the spinal cord is surrounded by the white matter.

Question 23

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature,blood pressure,respiration and heartbeat?

A) Cerebrum
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Occipital lobe
E) Cerebellum

Question 24

Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Occipital lobe
E) Cerebellum

Question 25

Much of the thought that occurs in the thinking portion of the brain occurs in the gray outer layer called the ______________.

Question 26

In a resting neuron,sodium is more concentrated outside of the cell than inside.

Question 27

Nodes of Ranvier occur between adjacent

A) nerves.
B) neurons.
C) Schwann cells.
D) synapses.

Question 28

_________ produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system,while _______ produce myelin in the central nervous system.

A) Dendrites;axons
B) Nodes of Ranvier;dendrites
C) Axons;oligodendrocytes
D) Schwann cells;oligodendrocytes

Question 29

In the propagation of an action potential,potassium channels open before sodium channels.

Question 30

All of the following can be sensed by interoceptors except

A) muscle tension.
B) pain.
C) blood chemistry.
D) body temperature.
E) hearing.

Question 31

In an inhibitory synapse,the receptor protein is usually a chemically gated sodium channel.

Question 32

A local reversal of charge moving along a nerve axon is called a(n)____________.

Question 33

Otoliths are involved in the sensing of

A) hearing.
B) balance.
C) smell.
D) taste.
E) vision.

Question 34

Sound is sensed when sound waves produce vibrations of the membranes in the ________,bending hair cells and causing them to send nerve impulses to the brain.

A) saccule
B) utricle
C) cochlea
D) olfactory mucosa

Question 35

The hippocampus and amygdala,along with parts of the hypothalamus,make up an area of the brain called the _________________.

Question 36

Which type of neuron is located entirely within the central nervous system?

A) Association
B) Sensory
C) Motor
D) Afferent
E) Terminal

Question 37

What is not possible when eyes are located on the side of the head?

A) Seeing distances
B) Seeing in black and white
C) Seeing green
D) Depth perception

Question 38

Taste receptor cells are grouped into bulb-shaped collections called

A) otoliths.
B) nodes of Ranvier.
C) taste buds.
D) cupula.

Question 39

Which nervous system conserves energy by slowing the heartbeat and breathing rate and promoting digestion and elimination?

A) Parasympathetic
B) Sympathetic
C) Central
D) Voluntary
E) Somatic

Question 40

The receptors that function in vision are called baroreceptors.

Question 41

Instead of having synapses between two nerves cells,why not just "wire" the two cells together somehow?

Question 42

The ___________ is a cable of neurons arising from the base of the brain stem,extending downward through the vertebral column.

Question 43

The chamber of the inner ear that is shaped like a tightly-coiled snail shell and functions in sensing sound is the ___________.

Question 44

Balance is associated with the movements of particles called __________ in the inner ear.

Question 45

A __________ is a rapid,automatic motor response to a stimulus that does not require conscious thought.

Question 46

List the types of information animals can sense about their internal environments.

Question 47

Chemical messengers that are released by a presynaptic cell,cross the synaptic cleft,and cause a change in electrical charge in the postsynaptic cell are called ____________.

Question 48

Describe the condition of a neuron when it is not transmitting a nervous impulse,that is,when it is at rest.

Question 49

One division of the autonomic nervous system,called the ____________ nervous system,is active in times of stress.

Question 50

The junction between the axon of one neuron and the membrane of a second neuron is called a ____________.

Question 51

The sensory receptors that sense changes in the body's internal environment are called _______________.

Question 52

Describe the path that sound travels to reach the inner ear.

Question 53

Compare the sympathetic nervous system with the parasympathetic nervous system.