Deck 4: Cells

Question 1

Which statement about bacteria is false?

A) Bacteria synthesize proteins at ribosomes.
B) Most bacteria have a cell wall.
C) Bacteria do not have a plasma membrane.
D) Some bacteria have pili for attachment to substrates.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When a cytoplasmic vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane,expelling its contents outside the cell,the process is known as

A) active transport.
B) exocytosis.
C) endocytosis.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When molecules move through a cell membrane from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration by way of a carrier protein,it is called

A) osmosis.
B) endocytosis.
C) facilitated diffusion.
D) exocytosis.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which is incorrect about the plasma membrane?

A) It has a hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic region that faces water.
B) Cholesterol affects the fluid nature of the membrane.
C) Proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer do not move.
D) Transmembrane proteins span the membrane.
E) It surrounds all living cells.

Question 5

An extensive system of internal membranes,called the _________________,is where carbohydrates and lipids are manufactured,and proteins are made that will be exported from the cell.

A) Golgi complex
B) endoplasmic reticulum
C) nucleolus
D) mitochondria

Question 6

Cilia and flagella differ from each other primarily in

A) function.
B) length.
C) internal structure.
D) internal chemistry.

Question 7

Select the membrane molecule that is made up of a polar region with two nonpolar fatty acid tails.

A) Phospholipids
B) Cell surface proteins
C) Transmembrane proteins
D) Carbohydrate chains

Question 8

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for aiding passage of polar molecules into and out of the cell.

A) Phospholipids
B) Cell surface proteins
C) Transmembrane proteins
D) Carbohydrate chains

Question 9

______________ function in the collection,packaging,and distribution of molecules made in the cell.

A) Mitochondria
B) Ribosomes
C) Golgi bodies
D) Vesicles

Question 10

Two organelles that are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are __________________ and __________________.

A) ribosomes;nuclei
B) Golgi bodies;vesicles
C) peroxisomes;lysosomes
D) chloroplasts;mitochondria

Question 11

The nucleus of the eukaryotic cell functions

A) as the command center for the cell.
B) to store the cell's hereditary information.
C) to house the nucleolus.
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

The mitochondria matrix

A) is bent into numerous folds called cristae.
B) contains stacked membranes called thylakoids.
C) is the space within the cristae.
D) is the region outside the mitochondria.

Question 13

What structures are found within bacterial cells?

A) Ribosomes
B) Chloroplasts
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondria

Question 14

Which of the following microscopes has the strongest resolving power?

A) Light microscope
B) Electron microscope
C) Compound microscope

Question 15

Which organisms do NOT have centrioles?

A) Animals and protists
B) Plants and fungi
C) Plants and animals
D) Fungi and protists

Question 16

Which of the following processes requires BOTH a carrier protein AND energy?

A) Active transport
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Simple diffusion

Question 17

Oxidative metabolism takes place in the ___________________ of the cell.

A) chloroplasts
B) peroxisomes
C) mitochondria
D) nucleus

Question 18

Organelles called ________________ contain enzymes that digest worn out parts of cells.

A) Golgi bodies
B) lysosomes
C) vacuoles
D) secretory vesicles

Question 19

In the sodium-potassium pump,sugars and amino acids,or other molecules,are brought through the membrane along with sodium ions through

A) coupled channels.
B) chemiosmosis.
C) proton pumps.
D) receptor proteins.

Question 20

The simplest cells are found in

A) eukaryotic organisms.
B) prokaryotic organisms.
C) animals.
D) fungi.

Question 21

Which process would enable a white blood cell to ingest a bacterium?

A) Diffusion
B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
C) Phagocytosis
D) Pinocytosis
E) Osmosis

Question 22

Which of the following is not an organelle?

A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Lysosome
D) Chloroplast
E) Actin

Question 23

A semi-fluid matrix called ____________ fills the inside of a cell.

Question 24

In addition to a plasma membrane,plant cells have ______________ which protect and support the plant cell.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a type of cytoskeletal fiber?

A) Microtubles
B) Actin microfilaments
C) Intermediate filaments
D) Pili

Question 26

Which structure helps prokaryotic cells attach to substrates and aid in the exchange of genetic information between cells?

A) Capsule
B) Nucleoid
C) Flagella
D) Pili
E) Ribosome

Question 27

The _________________ of a eukaryotic cell is the organelle that houses the genetic material known as DNA.

Question 28

When a cell membrane engulfs fluid droplets,it is called

A) diffusion.
B) receptor-mediated endocytosis.
C) phagocytosis.
D) pinocytosis.
E) osmosis.

Question 29

Which of the following is a special type of vesicle?

A) Lysosome
B) Golgi complex
C) Chloroplast
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
E) Centriole

Question 30

Diffusion occurs because of the ________________________ motion of molecules.

Question 31

The surface of a nucleus is bounded by a special kind of membrane called the ________________________.

Question 32

Which of the following is not found in animal cells?

A) Nucleus
B) Lysosomes
C) Golgi complex
D) Central vacuole
E) Chromosomes

Question 33

In dividing eukaryotic cells,DNA is packaged into compact units called ___________________.

Question 34

The endosymbiont theory is supported by all of the following evidence except

A) mitochondria are surrounded by two membranes.
B) mitochondrial ribosomes are similar to bacterial ribosomes.
C) mitochondria contain circular molecules of DNA.
D) mitochondria divide by simple fission.
E) mitochondria have a matrix.

Question 35

Which of the following kingdoms contain prokaryotes?

A) Fungi
B) Archaea
C) Plantae
D) Animalia
E) Protista

Question 36

The phospholipids of a cell membrane are arranged into a _________________.

Question 37

The big difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotes have membrane-bounded ______________________ and prokaryotes do not.

Question 38

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A) The site of protein synthesis.
B) The site of ribosome subunit assembly.
C) Packages proteins for export form the cell.
D) Site of photosynthesis.
E) Isolate particular chemical activities from the rest of the cell.

Question 39

As cells increase in size,cell ________________ increases more rapidly than cell ________________.

Question 40

A plant's central vacuole functions in

A) manufacturing sugars.
B) capturing energy from sunlight.
C) packaging molecules for export from the cell.
D) storing the genetic information of the cell.
E) storing water,sugars,and ions.

Question 41

____________ is the minimum distance two points can be apart and still be distinguished as two separate points.

Question 42

Cells engulfing large particles is called ___________________.

Question 43

The passive movement of molecules along a concentration gradient is called ____________________.

Question 44

Describe the path that a protein destined for secretion takes,beginning at its synthesis to when it leaves the cell.

Question 45

Why are most cells so tiny?

Question 46

Why can't many molecules,like sugars and proteins,pass freely across the lipid bilayer of plasma membranes?

Question 47

Discuss the functions of the cytoskeleton of the cell.

Question 48

Give the three major principles of the cell theory.

Question 49

Explain what happens to plant and animal cells when placed in hypertonic,hypotonic,and isotonic environments.