Deck 7: Body Composition Basics

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary influence on resting metabolic rate?

A)the time of day
B)body size
C)genetics
D)body composition

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The relative proportions of different types of body tissues a human has is known as

A)overweight.
B)obesity.
C)body image.
D)body composition.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE regarding essential fat?

A)Essential fat can be found in various organs throughout the body.
B)Essential fat is necessary for normal physiological functioning.
C)Women typically have more essential fat than males.
D)Fat is essential for hormone production in women but not in men.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

How many calories equal one pound of body weight?

A)2,000
B)2,500
C)3,000
D)3,500

Question 5

Muscle dysmorphia is characterized by an obsessive belief that one's body is not sufficiently

A)big or muscular.
B)slender.
C)tall.
D)proportional.

Question 6

In terms of waist-to-hip ratio,which of the following values represents a threshold for high health risk for a female?

A)0.70
B)0.88
C)0.55
D)0.68

Question 7

Which of the following measurements of body composition has the lowest margin of error?

A)skinfold
B)underwater weighing
C)bioelectrical impedance analysis
D)dual X-ray absorptiometry

Question 8

The three components that make up the female athlete triad relate to

A)the immune system,muscular strength,and body temperature.
B)energy availability,vision,and oxygen uptake.
C)energy availability,menstruation,and bone health.
D)menstruation,bone health,and gastrointestinal function.

Question 9

What component of the body's metabolism describes the energy required to maintain essential body processes such as respiration,circulation,and temperature regulation?

A)dietary thermogenesis
B)physical activity
C)resting metabolic rate
D)convection

Question 10

Which of the following is FALSE regarding sex differences in body composition?

A)Women typically experience a decline in muscle mass beginning in their forties.
B)Females gain more fat mass during puberty than do males.
C)Men are more likely to store fat in their hips and thighs.
D)During the first six years of life,both males and females experience decreases in body fat.

Question 11

Which of the following is FALSE regarding exercise,dieting,and body composition?

A)One important function of exercise during a weight-loss program is that it helps preserve muscle so that weight lost is fat.
B)Exercise is important,even if no weight is lost,because of the health benefits of exercise.
C)If you are losing weight at a slow rate while maintaining an exercise program,it is likely you are losing muscle tissue.
D)Maintaining a small loss of fat is better than losing a large amount and then gaining it back quickly.

Question 12

________ refers to your mental picture of your body and how you feel about it.

A)Body composition
B)Body image
C)Visceral fat
D)Body mass index

Question 13

Using waist circumference as an indicator,males with a waist circumference greater than ________ inches are at higher risk for health problems.

A)34
B)36
C)38
D)40

Question 14

An individual who weighs 180 pounds and has 36 pounds of fat would have ________ percent body fat.

A)10
B)20
C)25
D)30

Question 15

A body mass index (BMI)value of 30 or above indicates a classification of

A)underweight.
B)acceptable weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.

Question 16

Storage fat (also called adipose tissue)can be divided into two types,

A)visual fat and hidden fat.
B)visceral fat and subcutaneous fat.
C)upper-body fat and lower-body fat.
D)smooth fat and rippled fat.

Question 17

Which of the following chronic diseases is associated with excess fat?

A)lupus and cancer
B)cardiovascular disease and cancer
C)AIDS and lupus
D)cancer and AIDS

Question 18

Essential fat is the fat that is found

A)just beneath the skin.
B)in the central nervous system,bone marrow,and various organs.
C)primarily in the abdomen.
D)in the major muscles of the body.

Question 19

Abdominal fat,which results in an apple-shaped distribution of fat in the body,is referred to as

A)gynoid.
B)spheroid.
C)android.
D)plastoiD.

Question 20

As fat is lost from the body,fat cells

A)disappear.
B)shrink.
C)change to muscle cells.
D)divide.

Question 21

Visceral fat is internal storage fat,and it serves to cushion the organs.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding body composition and aging?

A)Adults who do not strength train lose 4-6 pounds of muscle mass for each decade of life.
B)Older adults usually have a higher percentage of body fat than younger adults.
C)Strength training can help build muscle and reduce fat at any age.
D)As people age,men tend to start losing muscle mass at a younger age than women.

Question 23

Because muscle is denser than fat,a pound of muscle occupies less space than a pound of fat.

Question 24

Storage fat is used by the body as a source of

A)water.
B)energy.
C)blood.
D)bile.

Question 25

If your weight is currently stable,the two sides of your energy balance equation are balanced.

Question 26

In terms of calories expended (per pound per minute),which of the following activities would expend the most calories?

A)sitting in class or at a computer
B)moderate-intensity cycling
C)shoveling snow
D)weight lifting

Question 27

Excess calories from any source-fats,proteins,or carbohydrates-can cause an increase in body fat.

Question 28

Essential fat in males is 5 to 7 percent of body weight.

Question 29

A man will likely have a higher metabolic rate than a woman of the same weight.

Question 30

The term metabolism refers to all the processes that occur in the body for it to function.

Question 31

Twenty years ago,the average weight for Americans in their 20s was about 15 pounds more than the average weight for Americans in their 20s today.

Question 32

The typical range of essential fat in females is

A)2-4 percent.
B)3-5 percent.
C)8-12 percent.
D)12-16 percent.

Question 33

Men typically begin to experience a decline in muscle mass in their 40s.

Question 34

For two people about the same size,the heavier of the two likely has a lower percentage of muscle compared to fat.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding body composition and metabolism?

A)A larger person will have a higher resting metabolism.
B)Resistance training is associated with an increased resting metabolic rate.
C)Muscle is less metabolically active than fat.
D)A person with a higher resting metabolic rate who is more physically active requires more calories.

Question 36

What type of fat distribution is relatively common in premenopausal women?

A)android
B)gynoid
C)subcutaneous
D)abdominal

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a basic component of body composition?

A)muscle
B)bone
C)fat
D)blood

Question 38

The kind of fat that you can see and pinch with your fingers is called

A)visceral fat.
B)essential fat.
C)subcutaneous fat.
D)gynoid fat.

Question 39

What is a psychological disorder characterized by extreme preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance?

A)body dysmorphic disorder
B)female athlete triad
C)obesity
D)autism

Question 40

What term is used to classify body weight just above the recommended range suggested for good health?

A)metabolism
B)overweight
C)obesity
D)body image

Question 41

Excess psychological stress is linked to lower energy intake,weight loss,and lower abdominal fat.

Question 42

Resistance training should be incorporated into an exercise program in order to improve body composition.

Question 43

A pear-shaped distribution of fat is associated with more health risks than is an apple-shaped distribution.

Question 44

Research indicates that for both men and women,there is a relationship between obesity and increased amounts of time spent looking at television and computer screens.

Question 45

A male has his body-fat percentage assessed and his result is 10 percent body fat.If the assessment method has a 2.5 percent margin of error,then his true measure of fat percentage may be between 7.5 percent and 12.5 percent.

Question 46

With body dysmorphic disorder,the focus tends to be on a particular body feature,whereas with muscle dysmorphia,the focus is generally on an obsession with lack of muscularity.

Question 47

For a male,a waist-to-hip ratio of more than 0.94 represents a very high-risk category.

Question 48

Overall body weight is a better indicator of health than body-fat percentage.

Question 49

For men,a waist circumference of more than 36 inches represents a higher risk for health problems.

Question 50

The female athlete triad refers to a healthy triad of outcomes for exercising females,including improved bone density,increased energy availability,and regular menstruation.

Question 51

Realistically evaluating which aspects of your body you can and cannot change can help to improve overall body image.

Question 52

Body mass index (BMI)is a direct measure of body-fat percentage.

Question 53

In hydrostatic weighing,an individual sits in a small sealed chamber,such as a BodPod,and body-fat percentage is calculated from the amount of air displacement measured by computer sensors.

Question 54

BMI is calculated by dividing your height (in meters)by the square of your weight (in kilograms).

Question 55

Falling below the minimal recommended fat percentage has unhealthy consequences for males and females.

Question 56

At a given body weight,Latinos tend to have a higher percent body fat and a higher percent of abdominal fat than whites and African Americans.

Question 57

The media tends to have a detrimental effect on females' body image,especially adolescent girls.

Question 58

Subcutaneous fat is linked to unhealthy cholesterol levels,insulin regulation problems,and increased blood pressure.

Question 59

A BMI value of between 30.0 and 34.9 would classify one as overweight.

Question 60

BMI tends to be most accurate for those individuals such as athletes with higher-than-average amounts of muscle mass.

Question 61

The type of fat typically stored in the hip and thigh region of the body is called ________ fat.

Question 62

Your friend is complaining to you that he and his brother are fat,yet he has cousins who are skinny.He wants to know,since they share a genetic background,why they are not more alike.How would you answer your friend?

Question 63

Measurements of folds of skin and subcutaneous fat are used in the skinfold measurement assessment method.

Question 64

Jean is an avid distance runner who exercises a lot.She recently stopped menstruating and has had very little energy.Upon visiting her doctor,the physician mentioned the possibility that she was experiencing the female athlete triad.She asks you to explain this disorder to her.What do you tell her?

Question 65

Briefly explain why men tend to gain fat around the waist whereas women gain weight in the hips.

Question 66

Muscle dysmorphia is a form of body dysmorphia more common in females.

Question 67

Briefly explain why some fat tissue is necessary within the body.

Question 68

In order to prevent weight gain,it is recommended that you engage in a minimum of 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.

Question 69

Explain whether you can be overweight and healthy at the same time.

Question 70

Describe the three components that comprise the body's overall metabolism.

Question 71

Storage fat is commonly referred to as ________ tissue.

Question 72

Your friend has a teenage daughter who is having difficulty with her body image.She wants to know what suggestions you have for her daughter on being more accepting of her body.What advice might you provide to your friend?

Question 73

The term "________" generally refers to a body weight just above a recommended range based on large-scale population surveys.

Question 74

Briefly differentiate the terms overweight and obese.

Question 75

Briefly explain the disadvantage of using body mass index (BMI)in making inferences about body composition.

Question 76

BMI can accurately measure the difference between weight from fat and weight from lean tissue.

Question 77

The female athlete triad is a condition in active females that develops from low energy levels and is characterized by loss of bone density and by ________.

Question 78

In terms of the body's metabolism,resistance training is associated with an increase in ________ metabolic rate.

Question 79

Your health risks are greater if your body stores excess ________ in your abdomen rather than in your hips and thighs.

Question 80

Subcutaneous fat is storage fat found around and between organs in the abdomen.