Deck 11: Expanding Trade Networks in Africa and India, 1000 - 1500

Question 1

 Ibn Battuta's accounts of the various areas he traveled are an important tool for scholars because

A)his accounts give exact dates and locations.
B)they were translated into Arabic.
C)the notes were analyzed and interpreted in the learning center in Baghdad.
D)he wrote alphabets for many indigenous peoples.
E)his notes are the only source of information about this area up to this time.

Answer 1

his accounts give exact dates and locations.

Question 2

 Although Ibn Battuta's trip was extensive,his descriptions had some limitations because

A)he primarily associated with other Muslims.
B)there was little mention of women,the economy,and non-Muslims.
C)little was said of the local culture outside of the lives of Muslims.
D)he spoke and listened to people who chiefly spoke Arabic.
E)All of these.

Answer 2

All of these.

Question 3

 In sub-Saharan Africa,most people organized themselves into units that believed in a common ancestor - not by biology but rather legend or history.  These units are known as

A)states.
B)nationalists.
C)hordes.
D)lineages.
E)races.

Answer 3

lineages.

Question 4

 African smelting furnaces made iron more resistant to rust with enough dissolved carbon to have the properties of

A)aluminum.
B)cement.
C)steel.
D)bronze.
E)copper.

Question 5

 Which of the following sources provide historians with information regarding sub-Saharan Africa of this time? 

A)archeological excavations.
B)oral traditions.
C)language analysis.
D)references from other cultures and peoples.
E)All of these choices.

Question 6

 Ibn Battuta was able to travel without personal funds because he

A)acted as a scribe for various merchants.
B)relied on the principles set forth in the Five Pillars,especially giving alms.
C)became involved in the sale of slaves to raise funds.
D)traveled with various groups on different religious pilgrimages.
E)received a personal revelation in Mecca that his trip would be successful,regardless of the obstacles he might meet.

Question 7

 What is the scientific consensus from studying the evidence of iron-working in Africa?

A)It appears to have occurred at different times in northern and southern Africa.
B)Iron-working in both areas appears to indicate that northern and southern Africa developed independently of each other.
C)Iron-working techniques of both northern and southern Africa are very similar.
D)Metal-working appeared in Egypt before anywhere else in Africa.
E)Metal-working began in Sudan and moved north along trade routes.

Question 8

 Lineage and clan organization,as part of Africa's diverse societies,are characterized by

A)a matrilineal lineage.
B)the evolution of the great man.
C)monogamous relationships.
D)infanticide.
E)weak and small settlements.

Question 9

 Who,between the eighth and sixteenth century,were the first to record preliminary notes and continued to predominate the telling of history about the sub-Saharan area?

A)Buddhist missionaries.
B)Egyptians.
C)Phoenicians.
D)Nubians.
E)Arab geographers.

Question 10

 The geographical surface features of the continent of Africa include

A)desert. 
B)grass savannas.
C)rainforests.
D)wooded savannas.
E)all of these choice.

Question 11

 What important development allowed sub-Saharan peoples to become farmers in a heavily forested environments such as the Great Lakes region?

A)Copper tools.
B)Knowledge of special plants and cultivation.
C)Stone double-faced axes.
D)Iron tools.
E)Use of draft animals.

Question 12

 What physical geographical feature divides the continent of Africa?

A)The Nile River.
B)Rain forests.
C)Rugged mountains and foothills.
D)The Sahara Desert.
E)Arid steppe lands.

Question 13

Domesticated by the fourth century c.e. ,why did the camel become the major source of transport in the Saharan region?

A)It was cheaper than human transport.
B)It was hardy.
C)It could go long distances without water.
D)It was capable of carrying heavy loads.
E)All of these.

Question 14

 Which of the following describes the iron-working experience in sub-Saharan Africa?

A)Did not experience working with copper before iron-making.
B)Did not work iron,only imported it.
C)Used bronze extensively,but only for tools.
D)Ample resources of pure iron ore are available in sub-Saharan area.
E)Never used a hot-air iron-smelting process.

Question 15

 In 1325,Egypt was ruled by Mamluks,whose origins were

A)slaves from Africa.
B)former military slaves.
C)Sufis.
D)former members of Egyptian royal families.
E)former griots.

Question 16

 Historical use of upstreaming allows historians of Africa before 1000 to

A)predict a future event.
B)make comparisons.
C)make generalizations about what they actually see and what might have caused what they see.
D)create a consensus.
E)eliminate bias in studying evidence.

Question 17

 As a traveler of this time in history,Ibn Battuta was the first person to leave an eyewitness description of

A)the southernmost tip of Africa.
B)the eastern coast of Africa.
C)Mali,Africa,south of the Sahara Desert.
D)Korea and Japan.
E)Australia.

Question 18

 Many sub-Saharan peoples developed what kind of agricultural technique which caused them to farm land only once or twice before moving on?

A)terraced.
B)reclaimed marshes.
C)hydroponics.
D)slash and burn.
E)built artificial platforms.

Question 19

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Today,all of Africa's 2,000 languages have a written form.
B)No language spoken south of the Sahara was written down before 1800.
C)Languages north of the Sahara were not written down until the spread of Islam.
D)Local languages predominate in Islamic regions.
E)Nubian accounts for the base of most languages spoken in Africa.

Question 20

 Why was the trip of Ibn Battuta significant for its time in history?

A)It was the longest known recorded trip by an individual before 1500.
B)Ibn Battuta made the entire trip by water.
C)The trip involved 75,000 miles,and he never left the Islamic Empire.
D)He left as a Muslim and returned a Buddhist.
E)He encountered people that had never been known to the Muslim world.

Question 21

 The Book of Routes and Realms by al-Bakri provides one of the earliest and most detailed descriptions of the 

A)kingdom of Ghana.
B)Great Zimbabwe.
C)reign of Mansa Musa.
D)trading center at Sijilmasa.
E)effect of the plague in Cairo.

Question 22

 Which of the following statements are true in regard to the slave trade? 

A)more women than men became slaves.
B)male slaves who served in homes or in the royal court were castrated.
C)important slave markets were located in Morocco.
D)Mali's two major exports were gold and slaves. 
E)All of these choices. 

Question 23

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Ibn Battuta was given a young female slave when he visited the court.
B)The people of Mali did not enslave their own countrymen,they captured slaves from the forest belt to the south.
C)About five hundred slaves were sold north of the Sahara each year.
D)Slaves in Mali were only males.
E)Slaves were only captured in war.

Question 24

 Ibn Battuta's caravan stopped at Taghaza,a city on the southern Sahara known for producing

A)gold.
B)salt.
C)slaves.
D)sugar.
E)coins.

Question 25

 The Kingdom of Mali was one of the earliest and most important trade nodes in sub-Saharan Africa because it had plenty of 

A)cotton.
B)beans.
C)hardwood trees.
D)iron products.
E)slaves and gold.

Question 26

 Although Mali was considered to be Islamic,what did Ibn Battuta observe that did not conform to his standard of what a Muslim society should be?

A)The society was matrilineal.
B)Royal women had great power.
C)Women were not secluded.
D)Women received and conversed with male guests.
E)All of these.

Question 27

 The people who populated the Middle Niger Valley spoke what language?

A)Swahili.
B)Malinke.
C)Arabic.
D)Hadza.
E)Songhai.

Question 28

 Which of the following characteristics is associated with the Kingdom of Ghana?

A)It never developed any important or major trade centers.
B)Slavery was the main commodity in its trade.
C)The king never converted to Islam,although he welcomed Muslim visitors.
D)Revenues came primarily from agriculture.
E)It faced military problems,since it never had an organized army.

Question 29

 The humped back of Sundiata's mother was a symbol

A)that predicted future destruction of the kingdom by Sosso.
B)of her unusual spiritual power.
C)prophesying that Sundiata would be a strong king.
D)that the gods were unhappy with the kingdom of Mali.
E)prophesying that Sundiata would overthrow the Sosso dynasty.

Question 30

 The major type of currency used in the southern region of the Sahara was

A)salt.
B)water in camel bags.
C)gold dust.
D)coins.
E)spices and trinkets from Northern Africa.

Question 31

 Walls of dwellings on the southern edge of the Sahara were made from

A)clay.
B)mud.
C)camel skins.
D)salt blocks.
E)cotton sheeting.

Question 32

 The task of a griot was to

A)act as an advisor to the leader on matters of state and policy.
B)have ancestral knowledge.
C)entertain by describing the accomplishments of the previous king.
D)compose new sections to a story describing the achievements of the present king.
E)All of these choices.

Question 33

 Evidence about the origins of Mali in the Sundiata have been corroborated by evidence from

A)Fuxian's travel narrative.
B)Ghanaian folktales.
C)Arab historian Ibn Khaldun.
D)Chronicle of Mali.
E)Byzantine sources.

Question 34

 In sub-Saharan African culture,a man who is wealthy,has fathered many children,and is known for his military prowess,was called a

A)overlord.
B)king.
C)a great man.
D)god.
E)Great Father.

Question 35

 In Mali history,who was one of the wealthiest successors to Sundiata? 

A)Mansa Musa. 
B)Sundiata's griot.
C)Muslim umma of the Malinke peoples.
D)The Mali general who defeated the Sosso.
E)A Mali storyteller who wrote down the Sundiata.

Question 36

 Although Ibn Battuta found many negative areas in Mali's society,he did note some positive features,including which of the following? 

A)secure roads.
B)knowledge of the Quran.
C)children being punished for not memorizing passages from the Quran.
D)attendance at Friday services.
E)all of these choices. 

Question 37

 According to al-Bakri,the royal family of Sijilmasa claimed descent from a family who sold

A)iron tools.
B)slaves.
C)gold.
D)salt.
E)cotton.

Question 38

 Unlike Mesopotamia,Egypt,India,China,or the Americas,where the first complex societies tapped agricultural supplies,most African states relied on

A)ship building.
B)raising and herding camels.
C)the drug trade.
D)strategic natural resources like water or gold.
E)slave trade.

Question 39

Sundiata's dynasty was ended when what kingdom conquered Mali in c.1450?

A)Ghana.
B)Songhai.
C)Benin.
D)Oyo.

Question 40

 In Ghana,what provided revenue to the king and supported his army?

A)Tariffs to use the roads.
B)Tribute offerings from Berbers.
C)Sale of slaves from the royal farms.
D)The king owned salt mines
E)Tax on trade goods.

Question 41

 How were fatwa related to Islamic law?

A)Resolved disputes decided by the qadi.
B)Related to women.
C)Involved the decisions of competing clan chiefs.
D)Occurred when sultan and qadi disagreed over a decision of the courts.
E)Occurred when a decision did not fall under the realm of law.

Question 42

Please define the following key terms.

- Ibn Battuta

Question 43

Please define the following key terms.

- Camels

Question 44

 In describing the peoples of Zimbabwe,which of the following statements is true?

A)Located on the high plateau between Zambezi and Limpopo.
B)Used iron tools.
C)Built enclosure known as "venerated houses."
D)Did not keep written records.
E)All of these choices. 

Question 45

 What was the second largest city of the Mamluk Empire and another destination of Ibn Battuta?

A)Cairo.
B)Jerusalem.
C)Damascus.
D)Baghdad.
E)Kaffa.

Question 46

Please define the following key terms.

- Sub-Saharan

Question 47

 Archaeologists who study Zimbabwe have concluded that the society was very active in trade.What was not found in this archaeological cache?

A)Broken Chinese pottery.
B)Persian plates.
C)Celadon pottery.
D)Greek coins.
E)All of these choices. 

Question 48

 A description of a Chinese ship would include which of the following? 

A)wooden decks.
B)multiple levels.
C)individual compartments with doors.
D)staterooms with lavatories.
E)all of these choices. 

Question 49

Please define the following key terms.

- Sahel

Question 50

 By the time of Ibn Battuta's travels,what city in North Africa was the meeting place for the thousands of Muslim Africans on their pilgrimage to Mecca?

A)Cairo.
B)Alexandria.
C)Tunis.
D)Tangier.
E)Tripoli.

Question 51

 Cairo residents looked down on which of the following members of their society? 

A)alcohol dealers.
B)slave dealers. 
C)prostitutes.
D)usurers.
E)all of these choices.

Question 52

 What is sharia?

A)A trade route.
B)Islamic law.
C)Title of royal power.
D)Military strategy.
E)A book in the Quran.

Question 53

 Although Ibn Battuta started his journey alone,by the end of his saga,his constant companions were

A)his four wives.
B)concubines.
C)fellow Muslims,also from Tangiers.
D)religious students.
E)none,as he feared strangers.

Question 54

 The Delhi Sultanate

A)was founded by former Turkish military slaves from Central Asia.
B)was created when Mamluks from Syria conquered southern India.
C)established its capital at Calcutta.
D)was the first Islamic dynasty in South Asia.
E)was reestablished after the defeat of Muhammad Tughluq.

Question 55

 Mamluk slaves were bought as non-Muslim children in

A)Afghanistan.
B)Spain. 
C)North Africa. 
D)Egypt. 
E)All of these choices. 

Question 56

 How did the Mamluks defeat the Mongols at Ayn Jalut?

A)Mamluks had more advanced weapons.
B)Mongols were weakened by plague.
C)Mamluks had Byzantine mercenaries.
D)Mamluks had faster horses than the Mongols.
E)Mamluks vastly outnumbered the Mongols 12:1. 

Question 57

 The Indian Ocean spanned which three regions as a part of their trade networks?

A)East Africa,the southern tip of the Arabian peninsula,and the west coast of India.
B)East Africa,all of India,and all of the Arabian peninsula.
C)West Africa,East India,and the western Arabian peninsula.
D)Northeastern Africa,western Arabia,and the southern tip of India.
E)East Africa,the southern tip of Arabia,and western India.

Question 58

 Historians know very little about which area in Africa?

A)Eastern coastal Africa.
B)Cape of Good Hope area.
C)Saharan Desert area.
D)Interior of southern Africa.
E)Lake Victoria area.

Question 59

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Sufis broke away from Islam.
B)Sufis were believed to have baraka (divine grace).
C)Sufis did not believe that God spoke to Abraham,Christ,or Muhammad.
D)Each Sufi believed that upon death,a personal meeting with God was assured.
E)The Sufi sect remained limited to Cairo.

Question 60

 When Ibn Battuta used the term "Zinj" he was referring to

A)storytellers.
B)black Africans.
C)Sufi mystics.
D)Bantu merchants.
E)slave traders.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- sultan

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Oral histories

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Great Man

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Indian Ocean Trade Network

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Sufi

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- griot/griotte

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Mali

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Ghana

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Middle Niger Valley

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Iron

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- Ibn Khaldun

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Bantu

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Trans-Saharan Caravan trade network

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- sharia 

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Sundiata

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- qadi

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Cairo

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- al-Bakri

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Mamluk empire

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- lineage