Deck 20: Empires in Early Modern Asia, 1650 - 1818

Question 1

 To consolidate their power,the Qing rulers did which of the following? 

A)brought Chinese scholar-officials into the imperial bureaucracy.
B)established Confucianism as the official state ideology.
C)all of the answers are correct. 
D)kept the examination system.
E)governed ministries with Chinese and Manchu officials.

Answer 1

all of the answers are correct. 

Question 2

 At its largest territorial extent,Qing China included which of the following areas? 

A)Manchuria.
B)Central Asia.
C)Tibet.
D)Taiwan.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Answer 2

All of the answers are correct. 

Question 3

 Xia Qinggao dictated his life story after he was no longer a sailor;at the time he was living in the Portuguese settlement of

A)Shanghai.
B)Macao.
C)London.
D)Malacca.
E)Calcutta.

Answer 3

Macao.

Question 4

 In describing the pre-Qing Manchu,which of the following statements is true?

A)The Manchu came from a predominately agricultural society.
B)Chinese culture never impacted the Manchu.
C)The Chinese resisted any attempts to create relations with the Manchu.
D)As an ally of Russia,the Manchu were able to increase their military power.
E)Manchu power grew when Mongol and Chinese generals allied themselves with the Qing.

Question 5

 The Manchu first proclaimed the Qing Dynasty when they were asked by the Ming to

A)help fight the British incursion into Chinese territory.
B)help fight off a Japanese invasion.
C)defend the northern border against Mongols.
D)fill in the weakening Chinese army.
E)to supply the Ming with trained horses for war.

Question 6

 Qianlong abdicated his throne because he

A)was in danger from court intrigues.
B)was captured by former Ming supporters.
C)was overthrown by his son.
D)wanted to spend the remainder of his years in a Buddhist temple.
E)did not want to exceed the reign years of his grandfather Kangxi.

Question 7

 How does Xie describe the British presence in Calcutta?

A)Military officials and merchants live inside a walled city.
B)The uniform of the officials is covered with strange embroidery.
C)Top officials never go outside the walled city because of security.
D)British parades are always preceded by local soldiers on elephants.
E)Calcutta is ruled by a civilian governor.

Question 8

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Xie was born about 1852.
B)As a noble,he traveled across much of Asia.
C)Xie was born in the Guangdong province of South China.
D)Sold into slavery,he ended up in India.
E)Hai-lu was written by Xie after he was forced to retire because of blindness.

Question 9

 The British East India Company's presence in India,particularly Bengal,was a tremendous moment in Indian history because it challenged which great land-based empire?

A)Mughal.
B)Safavid.
C)Ottoman.
D)Ming.
E)Byzantine.

Question 10

 During Xie's presence in China,which of the following was part of the old South China Sea network?

A)India.
B)Persian Gulf.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)East Africa.
E)Southeast Asia.

Question 11

 China's agriculture boomed in the seventeenth century with the introduction of

A)iron farming tools.
B)three field rotation.
C)a new strain of rice.
D)African slaves for fieldwork.
E)crops like sweet potatoes from America.

Question 12

 The accomplishments of the Qing emperor Kangxi included

A)the suppression of the remaining Ming supporters.
B)population growth.
C)increase in agricultural production.
D)portrayal of the emperor as a sage ruler.
E)All of these answers are correct.

Question 13

 Referring to the consistent political theme of empire in early-modern South and East Asia,which of the following statements is correct?

A)As the Qing Empire expanded east,it came in contact with the Russian Empire.
B)The Russian Empire was expanding into Central Asia.
C)Britain was moving to supplant the Mughals as the major power in South Asia.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)The Japanese resisted expansion outside the Japanese islands.

Question 14

 What part of the Manchu culture was imposed on the Chinese?

A)Manchu language.
B)Males were required to have the queue hair style.
C)Manchu Buddhism.
D)Assimilation through forced marriages between noble families.
E)Hunting,camping,and horsemanship.

Question 15

 Xie's description of the inhabitants of Calcutta includes which of the following?

A)all of the answers are correct. 
B)many are Bengalis.
C)the Brahmin caste is particularly well off.
D)the rich look very much like the British.
E)the poor are almost naked.

Question 16

 Qianlong ruled Qing China for

A)only two years.
B)five years.
C)twenty-five years.
D)sixty years.
E)less than six months.

Question 17

 Confucians believed that what was the source of wealth?

A)Land an agriculture.
B)Trade.
C)Silk production.
D)Military conquest.
E)Iron production

Question 18

 The Qing emperors ruled China until

A)1949.
B)1800.
C)1911.
D)1650.
E)1937.

Question 19

 The Manchu's path to Beijing included

A)all of the answers are correct
B)Chinese rebel armies storming Beijing.
C)defeating the last Ming holdouts in the south.
D)using diplomacy whenever possible.
E)treating Chinese generals who surrendered kindly.

Question 20

 The accomplishments of the Qing Emperor Yongzheng included which of the following?

A)he sponsored an 800,000 page encyclopedia.
B)all of the answers are correct. 
C)he promoted an empirical form of Confucianism in the government.
D)he increased tax revenues.
E)he spread taxation more equitability between commoners and gentry.

Question 21

 Which of the following describes China's attitude toward Europeans?

A)The Qing looked upon oceanic trade with great suspicion.
B)Traders were looked upon as greedy.
C)One port at Guangzhou was opened for foreign trade.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)European traders were required to deal only with cohongs.

Question 22

 The Russian control of the fur areas of Siberia was associated with

A)the use of Cossack mercenary soldiers.
B)major financing by banking houses in Europe.
C)the importation of African slaves.
D)war with the United States over Alaska.
E)Russian expansion into Chinese territory.

Question 23

 The early British-Chinese relationship was associated with which of the following? 

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)the British concern was that silver was flowing into China,causing the British fiscal problems.
C)conflicts between British and Chinese merchants,officials,and sailors were common.
D)English goods were not in demand in China.
E)the Chinese expected England to assume a tributary posture.

Question 24

 Why did a dynamic cotton industrial economy not develop in China in the eighteenth century? 

A)Confucianism emphasized order and not innovation.
B)commerce was regarded as a low-status occupation.
C)all of the answers are correct.
D)China had a huge population of potential workers.
E)manual labor was a cheap form of labor.

Question 25

 Which of the following statements is true when associated with Qing expansion?

A)The Qing dynasty used both force and diplomacy to extend their power.
B)The expanding Russian Empire was a concern for the Qing.
C)The Qing had problems with controlling Mongolian nomads.
D)The Qing asserted control over Turkish-speaking Muslim people.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 26

 Which of the following was in the Indian cotton trade loop?

A)European consumers wanted the comfort and cheapness of Indian cotton.
B)Southeastern merchants used the silver from European sales to help expand textiles in India.
C)Moneylenders were there to make advances to weavers.
D)Lower-caste women were contracted to spin cotton yarn.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 27

 Which of the following illustrates how the Qing relied on diplomacy to impose their control?

A)Korea and Vietnam recognized the Qing as their overlord.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Non-Han groups living on the geographic margins of Chinese society sent tribute missions.
D)A defeated Tibet was allowed local governments,under Manchu supervision.
E)Mongol emissaries were received at the summer palace,rather than in the Forbidden City in Beijing.

Question 28

 In describing Qing China,which of the following statements is true?

A)All of the answers are correct.
B)Eighteenth-century maps had Chinese labels for Chinese provinces and Manchu for non-Chinese areas.
C)Manchu emperors saw themselves as Manchu emperors,not as Chinese emperors.
D)The Qing were not interested in asserting their own cultural superiority over tributary societies.
E)China was seen as just a distinct part of the Manchu Empire.

Question 29

 The reign of Catherine the Great of Russia was a time noted for

A)expansion.
B)the introduction of Western architecture.
C)consolidation of power in the throne.
D)importing fashion and art from the West.
E)all of the answers are correct.

Question 30

 The Qing signed the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689 with

A)Japan.
B)Russia.
C)Britain.
D)Tibet.
E)Korea.

Question 31

 Which of the following is true regarding Yemelyan Pugachev?

A)He was the legitimate tsar of Russia.
B)As a nobleman,he led a rebellion against landlords.
C)Educated in Europe,he took reforms issues to Catherine.
D)He led a serf rebellion that took the Russian army several years to put down.
E)After escaping to England,Pugachev became a leader in the abolition of Russian serfdom.

Question 32

 The basic wealth of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Aurangzeb included which of the following?

A)all of the answers are correct. 
B)agriculture.
C)trade.
D)territorial expansions' treasures.
E)industry.

Question 33

 By the 1780s,Russian southern expansion involved the Black Sea,the Crimea,and

A)the defeat of the Danes in 1721.
B)the victory over Prussia.
C)taking the Mediterranean from Muslims.
D)spreading into the Caucasus Mountains.
E)control of the Baltic Sea.

Question 34

 Which of the following statements of problems at the end of Quianlong's reign is true?

A)Agricultural technology had not kept up with increasing population.
B)Deforestation was creating ecological problems.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)As an older ruler,Qianlong was delegating more authority to court officials.
E)Opposition was growing against the non-Chinese Manchus.

Question 35

 Cotton emerged as a major industry in China because it

A)was cheaper than silk.
B)could be purchased by most people.
C)was more comfortable than traditional fiber clothing.
D)was long-lasting.
E)All of these

Question 36

 To quell the threat of the Zunghar Mongols in 1757,the Qing

A)integrated them into Tibet.
B)forced to join the Qing army.
C)resettled them in Manchuria.
D)killed all the men and enslaved the women and children.
E)enslaved all of them.

Question 37

 After the death of Aurangzeb,the central power of Delhi began to feel pressure from

A)autonomous regional states.
B)European seaborne empires.
C)invasions from Iran.
D)the destabilizing of the existing political order.
E)All of these

Question 38

 What was true of common women during the period of the Qing emperors?

A)Footbinding was a common practice.
B)They spent more time spinning and weaving,instead of working in the fields.
C)Female infanticide decreased.
D)Their education involved being refined and honoring their husbands.
E)All of these answers are correct.

Question 39

 Who did the Russians describe as the "small people of the north"?

A)Cossacks.
B)Siberians.
C)Chinese.
D)Tibetans.
E)Koreans.

Question 40

 Qing economic expansion in the eighteenth century was funded in part by

A)conquest of Taiwan.
B)silver from America.
C)expansion of trade into East Africa.
D)importation of guns from Europe.
E)exportation of tobacco to Europe.

Question 41

 Which of the following was related to the Japanese Seclusion Edicts?

A)Only one Dutch trading mission was allowed to enter Japan.
B)Trade with the China and Korea continued.
C)Foreign books on philosophy and science continued to enter the nation through the Dutch.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)Most Japanese goods were destined for the Chinese market.

Question 42

 What actions,by Joseph Francois Dupleix (French)and Robert Clive (British),laid the foundations for European territorial expansionism in Asia?

A)Secured backing from native rulers.
B)After destroying any resistance,they became rulers of local and regional governments.
C)Profits and taxes were collected for the companies and themselves.
D)They inserted company men into the Mughal court and existing institutions.
E)All of these

Question 43

 Which reforms by Yoshimune were successful?

A)Controls on interest rates.
B)Cultivation of sugar and ginseng.
C)Increased attention to products from the sea that provided food and fertilizer.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)Finding plants that would grow in marginal areas to increase food supplies.

Question 44

 By 1750,the reforms of the Yoshimune government

A)actually advanced Japan into becoming a major economic power in the East.
B)prevented unrest in the countryside.
C)allowed the use of unpaid labor,which helped the farmer produce for the urban market.
D)allowed Japan's economy to do no more than struggle to just stand still.
E)passed reforms that allowed for greater access to water and forest products by farmers.

Question 45

 In an attempt to reform and stabilize Japan,the Shogun Yoshimune proclaimed,through edicts,that the problems facing Japan were based on

A)Christianity.
B)moral failures.
C)the samurai loyalty of their daimyos.
D)contact with the Chinese.
E)new ideas coming into Japan by way of foreign books.

Question 46

 Some in the British Parliament blamed the massive famine of 1769,which killed one third of Bengal's population,on

A)the East India Company. 
B)British military actions against the Mughal armies.
C)the Indians being forced to plant cotton,resulting in insufficient food production.
D)internal wars between competing maharajahs.
E)decrease in the number of farmers,as a result of diseases imported by the Europeans.

Question 47

 The challenges facing Japan after 1710 involved

A)overpopulation.
B)increased danger of flooding.
C)insufficient food production.
D)deforestation.
E)all of the answers are correct.

Question 48

 Rather than territorial control,seaborne European empires in Asia were originally geared toward

A)repression of Islam. 
B)commercial profit.
C)exploration.
D)scientific research.
E)expansion of Christianity.

Question 49

 Which of the following is a characteristic of Japan after the sixteenth century?

A)Practiced a degree of isolationism.
B)Was not a tributary of any nation.
C)All of the answers are correct.
D)Was not subject to any foreign power.
E)Developed its own distinctive political,economic,and cultural systems.

Question 50

 What of the following was included in the bushido of a samurai warrior?

A)Establish schools.
B)Have total loyalty to one's daimyo.
C)Write Confucian treatises.
D)Keep one's weapons ready to use.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 51

 Assimilation and accommodation of British-Indian cultures was seen in India by which of the following?

A)The British learned to speak the local languages.
B)A system of legal pluralism was developed.
C)The British adopted Mughal styles of dress.
D)Because there were fewer British women,British men married Indian women.
E)All of these

Question 52

 Believing that the merchant class was responsible for many of Japan's problems,Yoshimune('s)

A)removed all government controls on businesses.
B)encouraged entrepreneurial activities.
C)created reforms that actually hurt larger businesses.
D)policies actually hurt innovation.
E)policies created a more regulated,monopolistic,and less inventive economic atmosphere.

Question 53

 After the insecurity of the sixteenth century,which of the following was a part of the increased food production in Japan?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Improved tax system.
C)Hillside terracing.
D)Forest clearance.
E)Improving irrigation.

Question 54

 Parliament attacked the actions of Clive and Dupleix and compared them to

A)slave cruelty in Virginia and the Carolinas.
B)the crusades.
C)the Spanish slaughter of the Incas in Peru.
D)slave ships.
E)the slave societies of Brazil.

Question 55

 What were the results of the commercial wealth for Aurangzeb?

A)He used the money to build up his military and conquer regional leaders for their wealth.
B)The central government of the Mughals was turned into a dictatorial dynasty.
C)Islam became the national religion of India.
D)Mughal armies expanded outside Indian borders.
E)Local and regional leaders used the wealth to build armies to challenge the centralized government.

Question 56

 Besides the increase in agricultural production,what other sectors helped to stimulate economic growth in Japan?

A)Internal consumer demand for Japanese products.
B)Improved road systems.
C)Mining.
D)A more efficient tax based on precise surveys of land and population.
E)All of these

Question 57

 The India Act of 1784

A)legalized slavery in India.
B)made India a territory of Britain.
C)restored the Mughal throne.
D)justified British actions by claiming that Indians would benefit by being under English rule.
E)made all Indian Christians citizens of the British Empire.

Question 58

Please define the following key terms.

- Xia Qinggao

Question 59

 Aurangzeb imposed a special tax on

A)non-Muslims.
B)cotton weavers.
C)Shi'ite Muslims.
D)merchants.
E)British traders.

Question 60

 Which of the following is an example of legal pluralism?

A)The British used British-style jury trials in all legal proceedings.
B)Indian litigants could only pursue their cases in British courts with British judges.
C)The British hired Muslims and Hindu legal experts to explain the English legal system to Indians.
D)Although Indian litigants could have their case tried in a British court,they expected that their customs be applied.
E)Indians could not serve on juries or act as judges.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- Guangzhou

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Catherine the Great

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Qianlong

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Aurangzeb

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Eunuchs 

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- Footbinding

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Kowtow

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Caucasus

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Manchu Dynasty

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Yangzi River Valley 

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- Zunghars

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Cossacks

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Treaty of Nerchinsk

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Qing Dynasty

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Dalai Lama

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Macartney Mission

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Tibet

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Emperor Kangxi

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Yongzheng

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Russian Empire