Deck 15: Endocrine System

Question 1

Which of the following organs also produce hormones,even though that is not a primary function of the organ?

A) heart
B) testes
C) ovaries
D) adrenal cortex
E) thyroid

Answer 1

A
Explanation: The kidneys, GI tract, and heart produce hormones, although that is not the primary function of these organs.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about hormones is not true?

A) Hormones are secreted by axons.
B) Hormones are carried by the bloodstream.
C) It takes time to deliver hormones to the cells.
D) The effects of hormones are long lasting.
E) Hormones are targeted to specific organs within the body.

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Hormones are secreted by glands, not axons. Neurotransmitters are secreted by axons.

Question 3

Which of the following is an exocrine gland?

A) parathyroids
B) salivary glands
C) thymus
D) testes
E) adrenal gland

Answer 3

B
Explanation: The salivary glands secrete their product into the mouth by way of the salivary ducts.

Question 4

Although other animals produce pheromones,humans have not been shown to make them.

Question 5

The effects initiated by the endocrine system are longer lasting than those of the nervous system.

Question 6

Some of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary have an effect on other glands.Which of the following does not?

A) LH
B) ACTH
C) growth hormone
D) TSH
E) gonadotropic hormone

Question 7

Which organ does not produce steroid hormones?

A) pineal gland
B) adrenal cortex
C) ovaries
D) testes

Question 8

Why is the pancreas both an endocrine and an exocrine gland?

A) because it produces both a neurotransmitter and a hormone
B) because it produces more than one hormone
C) because it produces at least one hormone that is delivered through a duct and one that is delivered to the bloodstream
D) because it has an outer cortex and an inner medulla
E) because it is located within the abdominal cavity with ties to the gastrointestinal system

Question 9

How are the posterior pituitary and anterior pituitary similar?

A) Both are controlled by the hypothalamus.
B) Both produce three or more hormones.
C) Both are connected to the hypothalamus via a portal system.
D) Both produce releasing and inhibiting hormones.
E) Both produce hormones that control other glands.

Question 10

Both endocrine and exocrine glands have ducts.

Question 11

Which of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior pituitary?

A) prolactin
B) growth hormone
C) thyroid stimulating hormone
D) adrenocorticotropic hormone
E) oxytocin

Question 12

Which of the following statements is not true concerning the hypothalamus?

A) The hypothalamus acts as the link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
B) The hypothalamus regulates the internal environment of the body.
C) The hypothalamus communicates with the somatic nervous system.
D) The hypothalamus controls the glandular secretions of the pituitary gland.
E) The hypothalamus produces antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.

Question 13

How are the nervous system and the endocrine system alike?

A) They both utilize axons and synapses.
B) They both regulate the activities of other systems.
C) They both utilize glands.
D) They both respond very rapidly to stimuli.
E) They both have an very prolonged response to stimuli.

Question 14

The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary communicate via a portal system.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not true about growth hormone?

A) Growth hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary.
B) The quantity of growth hormone is greatest during childhood and adolescence.
C) Too little growth hormone results in dwarfism.
D) Too much growth hormone results in giantism.
E) Growth hormone can be administered as a medical treatment for stature problems.

Question 16

Which of the following hormones is mis-paired with its target organ?

A) TSH--thyroid
B) FSH--gonads
C) ACTH--adrenal cortex
D) LH--kidney
E) Gonadotropic hormones--testes and ovaries

Question 17

Peptide hormones

A) are able to pass through the membrane and bind to a receptor in the cytoplasm.
B) bind to a receptor in the plasma membrane.
C) act much more slowly than steroid hormones.
D) initiate gene expression.
E) are composed of a complex of 4 carbon rings.

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is controlled by positive feedback?

A) prolactin
B) oxytocin
C) growth hormone
D) antidiuretic hormone
E) gonadotropic hormone

Question 19

Which of the following is the basis for steroid hormones?

A) cholesterol
B) peptides
C) proteins
D) glycoproteins
E) modified amino acids

Question 20

Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?

A) dudodenum
B) pituitary
C) adrenal
D) pineal
E) thymus

Question 21

Where are the adrenal glands located?

A) in the brain
B) in the neck
C) on top of the kidneys
D) near the ovaries/testes
E) near the small intestine

Question 22

Both the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex are under control of hormones produced by the anterior pituitary hormone and hypothalamus.

Question 23

Right after eating a candy bar,insulin secretion would occur.

Question 24

Which of the following is a result of mineralocorticoid release?

A) Glucose is not broken down.
B) The immune cells are suppressed.
C) Inflammation is reduced.
D) Proteins and fat are broken down.
E) Blood volume and pressure increase.

Question 25

Which of the following is not produced by the adrenal glands?

A) epinephrine
B) norepinephrine
C) glucagon
D) glucocorticoids
E) mineralocorticoids

Question 26

It is possible to distinguish exocrine from endocrine tissue in the pancreas under the light microscope.

Question 27

Which of the following statements about the pancreas is not true?

A) The pancreatic islets are the exocrine tissue.
B) The pancreas produces insulin and glucagon.
C) The pancreas is located near the small intestine.
D) The pancreas is not under pituitary control.
E) The pancreas is a fish-shaped organ.

Question 28

Giants usually have poor healthy because they often have diabetes mellitus.

Question 29

The hormone produced by the parathryoid gland influences the blood level of what to rise?

A) sodium
B) phosphate
C) calcium
D) glucose
E) cholesterol

Question 30

The adrenal medulla controls the short term response to stress by

A) raising blood glucose levels.
B) breaking down protein and fat.
C) reducing inflammation.
D) suppressing immune cells.
E) increasing blood volume.

Question 31

The thyroid gland is located

A) in the neck.
B) in the brain.
C) on top of the kidneys.
D) near the ovaries or testes.
E) near the small intestines.

Question 32

Parathyroid hormone also activates ___________ in the kidneys.

A) vitamin D
B) vitamin C
C) vitamin B
D) cholesterol
E) calcium

Question 33

Which of the following is not a symptom of Addison disease?

A) low blood pressure
B) bronzing of the skin
C) mild infections can lead to death
D) loss of sodium and water
E) increased blood sugar levels

Question 34

How many iodine atoms are in thyroxine?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five

Question 35

Which of the following is not involved in blood calcium homeostasis?

A) bones
B) thyroid gland
C) parathyroid glands
D) kidneys
E) posterior pituitary

Question 36

Which of the following is a glucocorticoid?

A) norepinephrine
B) epinephrine
C) aldosterone
D) cortisol
E) renin

Question 37

The adrenal cortex provides a slower but long-term stress response in comparison to the adrenal medulla.

Question 38

Which of the following does not act to increase the amount of calcium in the blood?

A) bones
B) calcitonin
C) kidneys
D) intestines
E) parathyroid hormone

Question 39

A person with congenital hypothroidism will exhibit what symptoms?

A) myxedema
B) exopthalmic goiter
C) simple goiter
D) short and stocky, possible mental retardation
E) tetany

Question 40

What are the symptoms of myxedema?

A) an eye that protrudes from the eye socket
B) a mass in the throat
C) lethargy, weight gain, puffiness
D) tremors in the hands, shaking, balance difficulties
E) difficulty with speech, blurred vision

Question 41

How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus similar?

A) The number of glucose carriers is too low in both.
B) The blood glucose levels are very high in both.
C) The body does not produce insulin in both.
D) The body does not produce glucagon in both.
E) Both are a result of obesity.

Question 42

Which of the following is not involved in the regulation of the reproductive system?

A) adrenal gland
B) hypothalamus
C) anterior pituitary
D) testes/ovaries
E) nervous system

Question 43

Which system does the hypothalamus belong to?

A) the nervous system
B) the endocrine system
C) both the nervous and the endocrine system

Question 44

Jamie suffers from heartburn.Sometimes this can be treated with

A) mineralocorticoids.
B) prostaglandins.
C) aldosterone.
D) thymosin.
E) luteinizing hormone.

Question 45

Which hormone triggers satiety?

A) epinephrine
B) follicle-stimulating hormone
C) prostaglandins
D) erythropoietin
E) leptin

Question 46

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation of both the testes and the ovaries.

Question 47

Are there any systems that the nervous and endocrine systems do not control?

Question 48

When insulin is secreted,what happens?

A) Tissue stores of glucose are depleted.
B) Adipose tissue breaks down fat.
C) The liver breaks down glycogen.
D) The blood glucose level rises.
E) Glucose is taken up by the cells.

Question 49

Most of the diabetics in the United States have type 1 diabetes.

Question 50

Usually you are consciously aware of the governance of your internal organs by the nervous and endocrine system.

Question 51

Glycogen can be broken down to increase blood glucose levels,but fat cannot be.

Question 52

Which gland produces melatonin?

A) testes
B) thymus gland
C) pineal gland
D) ovaries
E) adrenal glands

Question 53

Where is the thymus gland located?

A) in the neck
B) in the brain
C) in the chest
D) near the ovaries/testes
E) on top of the kidneys

Question 54

Which of the following hormones is mismatched with its producing gland?

A) ovaries--follicle-stimulating hormone
B) ovaries--estrogen
C) thymus gland--thymosins
D) pineal gland--melatonin
E) testes--androgens

Question 55

Which of the following is not involved in blood glucose homeostasis?

A) liver
B) muscle
C) adipose tissue
D) stomach
E) glucagon

Question 56

What is the function of melatonin?

A) regulate blood glucose levels
B) regulate blood calcium levels
C) aid in the differentiation of T lymphocytes
D) control the daily sleep-wake cycle
E) control the color of the skin

Question 57

The cramping associated with premenstrual syndrome is often due to norepinephrine.

Question 58

In comparing the functions of the nervous and endocrine system in controlling the body,the nervous system is better able to respond to changes in the external environment.

Question 59

Is it possible that a type 1 diabetic could be hypoglycemic?

Question 60

Which of the following secretes erythropoietin?

A) kidney
B) heart
C) small intestine
D) thymus
E) thalamus