Deck 24: China, japan, and India Confront the Modern World, 1800 - 1910

Question 1

 The Taiping Rebellion eventually declined because

A)their rhetoric of equality alienated the educated elite.
B)of fewer military victories.
C)of the inability to recruit experienced administrators to create an effective government.
D)Taiping leaders were unable to create foreign alliances.
E)All of these

Answer 1

All of these

Question 2

 The goals of the Self-Strengthening Movement included

A)all of the answers are correct. 
B)Chinese acquisition of modern technology.
C)the need for scientific knowledge.
D)modern navy and military technology.
E)adherence to Confucian ethics.

Answer 2

all of the answers are correct. 

Question 3

 The British saw opium as a simple part of the liberal economic system of

A)trade deficit.
B)supply and demand.
C)free market economics.
D)tariffs.
E)monopolies.

Answer 3

free market economics.

Question 4

 The government of Queen Victoria responded to the appeal of Lin Zezu by

A)sending a fleet to threaten the Forbidden City.
B)putting an end to the opium trade.
C)organizing a committee to negotiate Chinese-English conflicts.
D)declaring war.
E)inviting high officials of the Qing court to meet Queen Victoria in London.

Question 5

 Asiatic reactions to the industrial age and foreign incursions took several forms as exhibited by which of the following?

A)rapid reformation of society.
B)attempts to avoid the direct control of Western empires.
C)all of the answers are correct.
D)the struggle to create a balance between change and tradition.
E)a desire to achieve self-government through nationalism.

Question 6

 In his encounter with American society,what seemed to shock Fukuzawa Yukichi the most?

A)People walked on carpets with shoes on.
B)Men and women hopped around on a dance floor.
C)America did not have reverence for ancestors.
D)His experiences were not explained in his dictionary.
E)Many customs did not appear to be logical.

Question 7

 After the fall of the Taiping,____ called for reform in China.

A)military leaders
B)nobles
C)British officials
D)educated Chinese
E)religious leaders

Question 8

 Which of the following was a characteristic of the Hakka society?

A)All of the answers are correct.
B)Women's feet were unbound.
C)Men refused to wear the queue.
D)It had never completely assimilated Confucian ideas of hierarchy.
E)Women had powerful and independent roles.

Question 9

 Which nation replaced China as the dominant power in East Asia by 1899?

A)Russia.
B)Japan.
C)Great Britain.
D)India.
E)The United States.

Question 10

 Scholar-official Lin Zezu wrote a letter to whom,to protest the British East India Company's opium trade?

A)the Company's head official.
B)Queen Victoria.
C)the Qing emperor.
D)Company shareholders.
E)the London Times.

Question 11

 Which of the following are considered to be the results of unequal treaties or negotiations with China? 

A)all of the answers are correct.
B)the acquisition of Hong Kong by the British.
C)provisions of extraterritoriality.
D)the opening of five additional ports of trade to foreign nations.
E)the creation of international communities.

Question 12

 To whom was Hong Xiuquan,the founder of the Taiping Rebellion,referring when he said that they "poisoned China" and let in the "influence of demons."

A)Confucianists.
B)Manchus.
C)Christians.
D)British.
E)Opium Traders.

Question 13

 In what year did Japan send its first official delegation to the United States?

A)1859.
B)1900.
C)1865.
D)1917.
E)1810.

Question 14

 In a move to create a Chinese market,the British East India Company turned to what product they could sell in China?

A)British cotton goods.
B)Iron products made in Liverpool.
C)Opium.
D)Lumber.
E)Raw cotton.

Question 15

 What country was involved in the partition of China?

A)England.
B)France.
C)Japan.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)The United States.

Question 16

 Taiping rebels were especially harsh on the

A)British.
B)Confucianists.
C)French.
D)nobles serving in the Qing court.
E)Manchu.

Question 17

 The end of the Taiping in 1864 came about when

A)Hong was taken prisoner by the French at Nanjing.
B)the imperial army defeated them at Nanjing.
C)the French and British came to the aid of the Qing dynasty.
D)the imperial emperor negotiated a treaty with Hong.
E)200,000 Taiping surrendered after the death of Hong.

Question 18

 How did the foreign incursions in China impact the peasants?

A)English agricultural technology increased production of rice.
B)Windmills,imported from England,opened fertile lands to agricultural usage.
C)Overuse of marginal land and forest areas led to a decrease in farm production.
D)The Chinese government diverted resources used in fighting foreigners to control floods.
E)Chinese farmers would not plant new plants brought in from the West.

Question 19

 In further concessions to the British,the Chinese were

A)forced to wear Western clothing.
B)opened five "treaty ports" to unrestricted foreign trade. 
C)required to pay homage to Queen Victoria.
D)required to open the Forbidden City to European residence.
E)forced to end the Qing dynasty with no further adherence to hereditary succession.

Question 20

 As a young man,Fukuzawa proved his non-conformist attitude by dedicating himself to

A)being a samurai.
B)reverence of his ancestors.
C)dedication to his lord.
D)wearing traditional samurai dress.
E)Dutch learning.

Question 21

 The Sino-Japanese (1894-1895)  war resulted in the occupation of Taiwan and Korea and

A)the modernization of China after losing its territories.
B)the Korean king westernizing his state.
C)the opening of Korea to more trade with China.
D)Korea seeking an alliance with Russia.
E)the Korean king seeking protection from Ci Xi.

Question 22

 As a result of a disastrous naval defeat of the Qing southern fleet by the French navy in 1884,what area was taken by France?

A)Vietnam.
B)Korea.
C)Mongolia.
D)Japan.
E)Taiwan.

Question 23

 In an attempt to save China from Western domination,Chinese reformers

A)scoffed at the use of mathematics to save China.
B)refused to accept those foreign principles that might undercut the influence of the scholarly elite.
C)based their training on a long traditional body of knowledge.
D)rebuilt the ruined summer palace.
E)translated foreign scientific texts into Chinese.

Question 24

 Japanese delegations,sent to Europe in 1873 to study its technology and military level,were especially impressed with the

A)British navy and constitutional monarchy.
B)unification process of Italy.
C)German combination of nationalism and an industrial-military base.
D)politics of absolute monarchies.
E)French and German militaries.

Question 25

 By ____,the Qing was on its way to historical oblivion.

A)1875
B)1900
C)the end of World War I
D)the time of the Great Depression
E)1912 

Question 26

 The Meiji Restoration believed that what was the key to progress?

A)Trade.
B)Education.
C)Religion.
D)Family life.
E)Military.

Question 27

 Why was Fukuzawa,the traveler discussed in this chapter,considered a champion for public opinion?

A)As an editor of a newspaper,his views were widely discussed.
B)He championed gender rights.
C)As a writer,he was the chief source of views on the West.
D)His writing promoted the idea that the government had to listen to its people.
E)All of these

Question 28

 The 1858 treaty between the Tokugawa government and foreign nations

A)opened up unlimited trade with the West.
B)created an exchange of official ambassadors.
C)gave extraterritoriality rights to the West.
D)resulted in the daimyo's overthrow of the Meiji dynasty.
E)established foreign military bases in Japan.

Question 29

 The Meiji Restoration was led by a powerful reformers who passed which of the following edicts?

A)daimyo domains were replaced by government prefectures.
B)centralized taxation was established.
C)a national army was created and trained by officers with experience in modern warfare.
D)all distinctions between samurai and commoners were eliminated.
E)all of the answers are correct. 

Question 30

 The Hundred Days' Reforms included which of the following? 

A)the addition of Western learning to the curricula of the Beijing College.
B)all of the answers are correct.
C)founding of a state bank.
D)issuing of government bonds to finance a railroad system.
E)creating a modern postal system.

Question 31

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Empress Ci Xi was removed from power by Guangxu.
B)Foreign powers suffered temporary setbacks as they fought each other over territory in China.
C)The self-strengthening reform group gained in strength as foreign aggression increased.
D)The Chinese public was not aware of the perilous decline of Chinese power.
E)In China,the Manchu were being blamed for allowing the power of the empire to slip so dramatically.

Question 32

 The challenge of the West required a Japanese-coordinated national response,but neither the Tokugawa government or this group provided an adequate response.

A)ronin.
B)rebellious daimyo.
C)lower ranking samurai who emphasized education.
D)foreign powers.
E)lower-rank samurai seeking to improve their status.

Question 33

 Which of the following are associated with the Boxer Rebellion 

A)the Boxers were a secret society that pledged a war against all foreigners.
B)a foreign army of 20,000,from a dozen different nations,defeated the Boxers and occupied the Forbidden City.
C)the Boxers received the support of Ci Xi,who claimed it was a war against foreigners.
D)the Siege of Peking was one of the few Chinese victories over westerners.
E)the Boxers attacked missionaries and Chinese converts.

Question 34

 Japan had been able to make the successful transition from weakness to international power through which of the following? 

A)all of the answers are correct.
B)it looked to the West for its technology.
C)it established new principles of education.
D)it used many Western ideas in state building
E)it adopted foreign ideas and adapted them to Japanese culture.

Question 35

 After 1858,the situation in Japan continued to be tense and threatening because

A)the shogun had allied himself with foreigners,seeking to increase his power.
B)Europeans refused to even receive the special Japanese delegation sent to ask for continued isolation.
C)the emperor led an imperial army against the Tokugawa government.
D)there was a strong group of ronin calling for a return to "war and worship of ancient warriors."
E)reformers and revolutionists called for the expulsion of all foreigners.

Question 36

 According to Japanese tradition,a lower samurai could change his status in society by

A)marriage into a higher rank or class.
B)accumulating wealth.
C)advanced education and knowledge of the classics.
D)military achievements.
E)He or his family could never change his status in society.

Question 37

 In 1894,the Sino-Japanese War was a territorial war in which

A)the entire Japanese northern fleet was destroyed.
B)Korea rebelled against the rule of the Chinese.
C)Korea and Taiwan became territories of Japan.
D)China gained the northernmost island of Japan.
E)England allied with China against Japan.

Question 38

 The turning point in the Japanese move to westernize came in 1853 with the arrival of a fleet from

A)England.
B)France.
C)the United States.
D)Russia.
E)Germany.

Question 39

 Fukuzawa began his formal education at age fourteen by studying

A)western medical texts.
B)Confucian classics.
C)Buddhist prayers.
D)Japanese history.
E)Western novels.

Question 40

 Which of the following statements describes changes occurring in Japan during the reign of the Meiji government?

A)Direct investments in new industries came directly from the government.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Pressure on farmers increased because of new government taxes along with crop payments to the land lords.
D)Agricultural output increased because of new seed and agricultural education.
E)The Japanese did not leave economic development to the principles of market economies.

Question 41

 What was a goal of the moderate members of the Indian National Congress?

A)To have Indians find a place within the British rule of India.
B)Emphasis on reaching the level of the ideals enunciated by Queen Victoria.
C)Self-rule within the British empire.
D)Indians having to learn to respect all cultural factions,both British and within itself.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 42

 The British attitude toward the Indian peoples changed after 1857,when the British saw the South Asians as

A)perfectly capable of becoming English.
B)equal to Europeans after becoming Christianized.
C)naturally and permanently inferior.
D)having the right to rule themselves under British guardianship.
E)superior to Africans.

Question 43

 Which of the following is related to the Indian Revolt of 1857?

A)Sepoys believed that the British were trying to convert them to Christianity.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)As the rebellion spread,there was a call for the return of the Mughals to power.
D)The rebellion highlighted race relations in the British Raj.
E)To many British,the rebellion emphasized the theory of Social Darwinism.

Question 44

 Which of the following was a British method to rule and control the vast subcontinent of India?

A)Assistance from the princely rulers of the various states.
B)British advisors guiding the traditional rulers.
C)State princes incorporated into the administration of the East India Company.
D)Maintaining an appearance of continuity with the past.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 45

 One of the many platforms of the newly formed Indian National Congress after 1885 was to change the policy that the Indian Civil Service exam be given only in

A)Calcutta.
B)Britain.
C)Sanskrit.
D)South Africa.
E)Hindi.

Question 46

 The creation of a closer communication infrastructure that put India's diverse peoples and regions in closer contact with each other was the result of

A)British recruitment of sepoys in the British army.
B)an increased number of Indians passing the Indian Civil Service Tests.
C)the railroad.
D)the growing influence of Hindu traditions.
E)continued Indian riots and rebellions.

Question 47

 Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance attempted to use European ideas to reinvigorate Indian traditions by which of the following? 

A)ending child marriages.
B)all of the answers are correct. 
C)lobbying for government changes that favored British business interests over Indian ones.
D)proposing a reformed Hinduism by returning to original texts.
E)exploring ways to assimilate European cultural influences into India's existing diversity.

Question 48

 The British became the "new Mughals" - the dominant power in India - by

A)late 1700s. 
B)late 1800s. 
C)early 1800s.
D)World War I.
E)1900.

Question 49

Please define the following key terms.

- Qing

Question 50

Please define the following key terms.

- British East India Company

Question 51

 In the early nineteenth century,the British East India Company's rule in India was destabilized by an increase in

A)British missionaries.
B)British-owned industry.
C)popularity of the Bengal Renaissance.
D)Company men who could speak Indian languages.
E)intermarriage between the British and Indians.

Question 52

Please define the following key terms.

- Fukuzawa Yukichi

Question 53

 Which of the following nations had imperial goals in the Pacific and Asia?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Japan.
C)Germany.
D)The United States.
E)Great Britain.

Question 54

 Why was the Indian Rebellion of 1857 not successful in pushing the British out of India?

A)Most Indians did not really know what they were fighting for.
B)Rallying around loyalty to the Mughal emperor did not create a broad sense of unity.
C)India was too culturally,linguistically,and religiously diverse.
D)Regional differences had not been addressed.
E)All of these

Question 55

 The results of the Russo-Japanese War involved which of the following? 

A)Asiatic nationalists taking Japan as their inspiration.
B)the destruction of most of the Russian fleet.
C)Japan posting advisors to all Korean ministries.
D)the first major defeat in Asia of an European power by an Asian power.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 56

 Which of the following statements is true of the middle class in India after 1857?

A)Migrated to Britain to take jobs for the British East India Company.
B)Educated following the British school curriculum.
C)Translated Enlightenment texts into Hindi.
D)Began small factories for textiles.
E)Had become sepoys.

Question 57

 Nationalists in India accused the British of "divide and rule" tactics in their partitioning of Bengal

A)in an attempt to solve growing religious problems in the area.
B)to cripple attempts at Indian nationalism by dividing Hindu and Muslim Indians.
C)as an attempt to create a more British-friendly Muslim area independent of India.
D)in order to develop two economic centers.
E)to use Bengal as a boundary against the incursion of Muslim Ottomans.

Question 58

 The British used ____ and cultural divisions to justify their need to remain in India and provide "good government."

A)class
B)regional
C)economic
D)religious
E)promised reform

Question 59

 Which of the following was associated with the extension of British control over India after 1876?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Queen Victoria was referred to as the "Empress of India."
C)The British centralized government controls.
D)Fiscal responsibilities were assumed by the British.
E)Local traditional leaders were supported financially but had no power.

Question 60

 By the nineteenth century,the British living in India

A)spoke Indian.
B)wore Indian clothing.
C)had gradually grown more distant from the Indians among whom they lived.
D)played Mughal polo.
E)were mainly men,established relationships with Indian women.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- Sino-Japanese War

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Commodore Matthew Perry

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Hundred Days Reform

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- International Settlements

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Taiping Rebellion

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- Extraterritoriality

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Opium War

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Boxer Rebellion

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Empress Ci Xi

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Hong Xiuquan

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- Meiji Restoration

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Tokyo

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Treaty of Nanjing

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Tokugawa

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Kyoto 

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Zaibatsu

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Hong Kong

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Guangxu

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Self-strengthening movement

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Lin Zezu