Deck 31: Toward a New World Order, 1975 - 2000

Question 1

 In 1975,the last American forces left

A)Korea.
B)Iran.
C)Vietnam.
D)Japan.
E)Kuwait.

Answer 1

Vietnam.

Question 2

 Andrei Sakharov,the father of the Soviet hydrogen bomb,won the Nobel Peace Prize for his writings on the

A)danger of the Reagan military tactics.
B)defense of civil rights and democracy.
C)danger of Soviet communism.
D)importance of Soviet-American detente.
E)need to tear down the Berlin Wall.

Answer 2

defense of civil rights and democracy.

Question 3

 Which of the following describes the life of Nelson Mandela before his capture and sentence to life in prison in 1964?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Member of the African National Congress.
C)Forced to go underground when black political parties were banned.
D)Fought to end apartheid and promoted democracy.
E)Resorted to force of arms to carry out his fight for racial justice.

Answer 3

All of the answers are correct. 

Question 4

 The strongest ally with the United States and Reagan's aggressive attitude toward the Soviet Union was

A)Poland.
B)Great Britain.
C)Iran.
D)Canada.
E)Germany.

Question 5

 The idealistic phrase "New World Order" was challenged by many problems,including which of the following? 

A)Russian transition to democratic capitalism.
B)no peace in the Middle East.
C)China's market-driven reforms did not bring democracy to China.
D)all of the answers are correct.
E)fear and mistrust of Americanization.

Question 6

 Mandela became the first democratically-elected black president of South Africa in

A)1950.
B)1980.
C)2000.
D)1994.
E)2006.

Question 7

 The Mujahaddin were able to fight a long and continuous war against the Soviet Union with aid from

A)Iran.
B)China.
C)the United States.
D)the United Nations.
E)NATO.

Question 8

 The phrase "New World Order" is attributed to ____ in 1991.

A)Nelson Mandela
B)John F.Kennedy
C)George Herbert Walker Bush
D)Ronald Reagan
E)Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 9

 Mandela had to earn his law degree by taking correspondence courses because

A)he was not rich enough to attend a formal college.
B)blacks could not attend any type of college in South Africa.
C)blacks could not attend law school.
D)as a member of the Tembu tribe,he had no rights.
E)he refused to attend all-black colleges in South Africa.

Question 10

 Mikhail Gorbachev,as the new leader of the Soviet Union,enacted which of the following? 

A)an attempted bridge between communism and capitalism.
B)glasnost.
C)perestroika.
D)all of the answers are correct. 
E)clarifying the disaster of Chernobyl.

Question 11

 The reforms of ____ ultimately set the Soviet Union on the path to dissolution.

A)Brezhnev
B)Sakharov
C)Putin
D)Gorbachev
E)Reagan

Question 12

 In reaction to Gorbachev and his attempts to change the Soviet Union,the Soviet people

A)called for Gorbachev's resignation.
B)rallied for the return of a conservative communist government.
C)formed huge crowds in support of the newly elected republican government.
D)overthrew the newly elected republican government.
E)received secret aid and support from the United States.

Question 13

 What nation paved the way for the Soviet satellites' reactions against Soviet domination?

A)Czechoslovakia.
B)Hungary.
C)East Germany.
D)Poland.
E)Ukraine.

Question 14

 Polish nationalism was tied to

A)Roman Catholicism.
B)atheism.
C)Lutheranism.
D)capitalism.
E)the sexual revolution.

Question 15

 In the 1970s the US economy was in "stagflation" due in part to a steep rise in the price of

A)oil.
B)wheat.
C)electronic goods.
D)corn.
E)cars.

Question 16

 From 1964 to 1982,the Soviets saw their lives under Brezhnev as

A)having a life of near but tolerable poverty.
B)experiencing near full employment.
C)receiving basic medical care.
D)being taken care of in their old age.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 17

 The African National Congress had worked for racial equality in South Africa since

A)1948.
B)1912.
C)1940.
D)1960.
E)1984.

Question 18

 The American president who committed the United States to an aggressive military policy against the Soviet Union was

A)Carter.
B)Clinton.
C)H.W.Bush.
D)Nixon.
E)Reagan.

Question 19

 American felt powerless and angry in 1979 when American hostages were seized in

A)Vietnam.
B)Mexico.
C)Iran.
D)Soviet Union.
E)South Africa.

Question 20

 Gorbachev's reform efforts - especially glasnost - led to ____ in the Soviet republics.

A)further repression by Russian troops
B)nationalistic demands
C)calls for the overthrow of Gorbachev
D)an alliance of republics
E)United Nations involvement

Question 21

 The Iranian Revolution of 1979 was a symbol to Islamists that

A)Islam had to be reformed to accommodate modern needs.
B)political constitutions must be separate from religion.
C)secular ideologies,which had been so dominant in recent history,had to be rejected.
D)Iran must end its alliance with the Soviet Union.
E)Islamic nations should follow the model of Egypt.

Question 22

 Throughout the twentieth century,____ has been one of the most volatile areas in the world because of its location,resources,and problems with ethnic and religious rivalries.

A)Africa
B)the Middle East
C)Russia
D)Cuba
E)China

Question 23

 Which of the following statements,about South Africa under Mandela,is true?

A)It had a new flag.
B)The Rainbow nation became its new identity.
C)South Africa had a multiracial Olympic team.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)A strong democratic constitution was formed.

Question 24

 Despite massive military force,Boris Yeltsin failed to put down a Muslim guerrilla uprising in

A)Chechnya.
B)Afghanistan.
C)Georgia.
D)Ukraine.
E)Kazakhstan.

Question 25

 Why was the election of Vicente Fox of the conservative National Action Party to the presidency of Mexico in 2000 so exceptional?

A)First non-Party of Institutional Revolution in decades
B)He was an avowed member of the Communist Party.
C)He had supported the Sandinistas in Nicaragua.
D)He refused to support US policies in Central America.
E)He was a member of the Party of Institutional Revolution.

Question 26

 The Sandinistas of Nicaragua gained in popularity and eventually ousted Somoza after he stole international aid meant for

A)orphanages.
B)famine relief.
C)earthquake relief.
D)AIDS funding.
E)farm subsidies.

Question 27

 The immediate result of the transition from the old communist Soviet Union to the Russian Federation were disappointing;they included which of the following?

A)wealth became concentrated in the hands of a small elite.
B)a wide variety of consumer goods became available to the general public.
C)a decline in fertility and population.
D)decline in the fundamental welfare system for the common Russian citizen.
E)all of the answers are correct. 

Question 28

 Until his overthrow in 1979,the Shah of Iran was considered to be a pawn of

A)the Soviet Union.
B)Ayatollah Khomeini.
C)Islamists.
D)OPEC.
E)the United States.

Question 29

 Which of the following describes Iran under the rule of Khomeini?

A)Iran's constitution strictly controlled the actions of the president and parliament.
B)Khomeini's authority was recognized by most of the Shi'ite ulama.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Iran suffered great losses from the long war with Iraq.
E)Secular schools' curricula  now emphasized religious study.

Question 30

 Symbolically,the Cold War was truly over in the summer of 1990 with the

A)resignation of Gobachev.
B)dismantling of the Berlin Wall.
C)election of Yeltsin.
D)election of a Polish Pope.
E)last Soviet soldier leaving Afghanistan.

Question 31

 This chapter highlights democratic transitions in which of the following Latin American countries? 

A)Argentina.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Brazil.
D)Mexico.
E)Guatemala.

Question 32

 Which of the following describes American actions in Latin America during the Cold War?

A)Supported publicly elected officials based on the party system.
B)American loans to Chile developed an international trade system.
C)Avoided interaction altogether.
D)Backed and supported the election of dictator Augusto Pinochet.
E)Supported labor unions that represented social issues and reforms.

Question 33

 Which of the following statements,regarding the rule of Putin,is true?

A)Returned much of the Russian economy to state control.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Used media to enhance his political actions.
D)Crushed the Chechnya rebellion.
E)Used oil reserves to build up a base of national power.

Question 34

 There were many incidents in and out of South Africa that brought apartheid to an end including which of the following? 

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)American and British college students' demands that institutions sell off South African investments
C)Soweto Uprising.
D)The death of Steve Biko.
E)Continued violent resistance on the streets.

Question 35

 Which of the following has been a problem for post-Apartheid South Africa?

A)Blacks still unable to get political power.
B)Society still racially segregated.
C)The government has refused to deal with Apartheid's past.
D)The country has been unable to define a new racially unified deity.
E)The rapid spread of AIDS.

Question 36

 The revolution in Eastern Europe,especially in Catholic nations,was strengthened by the election of Pope John Paul II from

A)Hungary.
B)Poland.
C)Czechoslovakia.
D)East Germany.
E)Estonia.

Question 37

 The fall of communism in Czechoslovakia was known as the

A)Velvet Revolution.
B)Bloodless revolution.
C)Prague Spring.
D)Solidarity stand.
E)Ceausescu revolt.

Question 38

 One of the most violent reactions against Soviet domination took place in Romania with

A)Romanian troops attacking Soviet garrisons.
B)Soviet tanks firing into public rallies.
C)Ceausescu's trial and execution.
D)the burning of the capital building in Bucharest.
E)the burning of Gorbachev's effigy on the university campus.

Question 39

 Most of the Iranians are

A)Coptic Christians.
B)Shi'ites.
C)Sunnis
D)secularists.
E)Roman Catholics.

Question 40

 Which of the following is true in relation to the Rwandan genocide of 1994?

A)Earlier Belgian colonial powers favored Tutsi tribes.
B)After independence,the previously disenfranchised Hutu took power.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)After the death of the Huto president,Hutu extremists unleashed genocidal attacks on the Tutsi.
E)Neighboring African counties added to the slaughter by becoming involved in both sides.

Question 41

 Sweden,Denmark and ________ refused to surrender their currency and rejected the Euro.

A)Belgium. 
B)France.  
C)Italy. 
D)Germany. 
E)Great Britain. 

Question 42

 Which American president decided not to capture Baghdad and Saddam Hussein in 1991 during the Persian Gulf War?

A)Clinton.
B)Carter.
C)H.W.Bush.
D)Reagan.
E)Ford.

Question 43

 Which of the following became known as the "Asian Tigers"? except

A)Taiwan.
B)South Korea.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Singapore.
E)Japan

Question 44

 How did the South Korean government emulate the Japanese model until the late 1980s? 

A)Close coordination between government and Korean chaebols. 
B)Through communist takeover of the economy. 
C)By taking over the economic conglomerates like Hyundai. 
D)By taking a laissez faire approach. 
E)None of the answers are correct. 

Question 45

 The open market provisions of the Maastricht Treaty made the European Union's share of the international trade market larger than that of _____ .

A)Russia.
B)China. 
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Brazil.
E)The United States. 

Question 46

 The return of Hong Kong to China in 1997 from ____ was a sign of China's growing success and power.

A)France
B)Russia
C)England
D)the Netherlands
E)South Korea

Question 47

 Along with China and the United State,which of the following represented the most powerful economic power(s)of the late 1990s?

A)European Union.
B)NAFTA.
C)OPEC.
D)Japan.
E)Russia.

Question 48

 The PLO felt justified in carrying out attacks on Israel because

A)Israel kept the land it occupied in the Six-Day War.
B)Jewish settlements were built on Palestinian Land.
C)of the intifada.
D)any likelihood of Israel returning Palestinian land seemed impossible.
E)All of these

Question 49

 Although he viewed the United States as exploiting Muslim unity,Osama bin Laden allied with the United States against

A)the Soviets.
B)Saddam Hussein.
C)Ayatollah Khomeini.
D)Israel.
E)the Taliban.

Question 50

 The student activists were protesting what at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

A)low wages in the countryside.
B)lack of democratic freedoms.
C)increasing pollution from factories.
D)foreign investments in Chinese industries.
E)occupation of Tibet by China.

Question 51

 Facing Asian competition in its markets,how did Japan attempt to stabilize and expand its economic base?

A)It moved away from being a primary exporter of heavy industrial goods.
B)With government subsidies,it moved into other high profit exports.
C)It relocated many factories to countries with lower labor costs.
D)It created a consumer market inside Japan by emphasizing spending.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 52

 ____ became China's symbol of economic success.

A)Beijing
B)Peking
C)Singapore
D)Shanghai
E)Hong Kong

Question 53

 The nature of the new and developing global economy,especially in the Asian sector,can be described by which of the following? 

A)exploitative labor,including women and children.
B)emphasis on marketing,financial services,and knowledge-based industries.
C)assimilation of high technology into the economic sector.
D)all of the answers are correct. 
E)demand for cheaper goods pushing wages down.

Question 54

 Despite the massacre at Tiananmen Square,Deng's economic success was the result of

A)increased food supply from peasants' private plots.
B)larger urban populations.
C)establishing areas for foreign investments.
D)loans from Chinese banks that were financed by the government.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 55

 There were many concerns about NAFTA,including the fear by many in Mexico that

A)farmers could not compete with farm subsidies in the United States.
B)too much of the Mexican labor pool would emigrate.
C)Canadian labor wages were too low to compete.
D)Mexican goods were too inferior to compete with goods from the United States.
E)politicians in the United States would try to dictate policies for Mexico.

Question 56

 In 1993,the administration of ____ showed increasing concern about the Taliban in Afghanistan in the aftermath of the Soviet withdrawal.

A)H.W.Bush
B)Clinton
C)Carter
D)G.W.Bush
E)Ford

Question 57

 The Maastricht treaty of 1992 created

A)the European Economic Community.
B)the European Union.
C)a European Parliament.
D)the World Bank.
E)the International Monetary Fund.

Question 58

 Japanese economic success after World War II was the result of

A)minimal amounts spent on military expenditures because of American occupation.
B)the Japanese work ethic.
C)harmonious labor relations between labor and employer.
D)close collaboration between government and large corporations.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 59

 In the late 20th century,which Asian nation created the most dramatic transformation to become the fastest-growing economy in the world?

A)India.
B)China.
C)South Korea.
D)Taiwan.
E)Indonesia.

Question 60

 As in South Korea,major political and economic changes occurred in ____ in the late 1980s because of  the decline of the Soviet Union and the growth of trade with an increasingly market-oriented Chinese mainland. 

A)the Philippines
B)Taiwan
C)Japan
D)Hong Kong
E)Malaysia

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- New World Order

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Helsinki Accords

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Party of International Revolution

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Velvet Revolution

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Lech Walesa

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- Glasnost

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Ronald Reagan

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Nelson Mandela

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Boris Yeltsin

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Chechnya

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- Andrei Sakharov

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Afghanistan

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Zaire

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Pope John Paul II

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Mujahaddin

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Solidarity

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Vladimir Putin

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Sandinistas

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Perestroika