Deck 13: The Urinary System: The Essentials of the Language of Urology

Question 1

Which of the following drugs are used to reduce inflammation?

A)Antibiotics
B)Analgesics
C)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories
D)Antidiuretics
E)Androgens

Answer 1

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories

Question 2

The word element that means one who studies is:

A)-logist.
B)-logy.
C)-ation.
D)urin-.
E)-atrist.

Answer 2

-logist.

Question 3

The meaning of the abbreviation CKD is:

A)cutaneous kidney disorder.
B)chronic kidney disease.
C)chronic kidney dysfunction.
D)cystic kidney disease.
E)chronic kidney disorder.

Answer 3

chronic kidney disease.

Question 4

The word hematuria refers to which of the following conditions?

A)A blood clot
B)Menstrual blood
C)Blood in the semen
D)Blood in the urine
E)An inflammation of the renal pelvis

Question 5

Which of the following is also known as a Wilm's tumor?

A)Pyelogram
B)Nephrosis
C)Diuretic
D)Nephroblastoma
E)Adenocarcinoma

Question 6

The word that literally means the process of passing urine is:

A)voiding.
B)micturation.
C)excretion.
D)urination.
E)exudation.

Question 7

Renal failure can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:

A)septicemia.
B)severe burns.
C)dialysis.
D)toxins.
E)medications.

Question 8

The word element that means process is:

A)-logy.
B)ren-.
C)-ation.
D)-logist.
E)-etic.

Question 9

Which of the following diseases eventually causes the kidneys to stop functioning effectively?

A)Interstitial nephritis
B)Pyelonephritis
C)Chronic renal failure
D)Uremia
E)Pyelitis

Question 10

The word element that means create is:

A)-logy.
B)ren-.
C)-gen.
D)-ate.
E)pyel-.

Question 11

The word that means containing or generating nitrogen is:

A)nephrology.
B)excretion.
C)filtration.
D)enuresis.
E)nitrogenous.

Question 12

Which of the following words is derived from the Greek for urinary canal?

A)Ureter
B)Urethra
C)Renal
D)Nephron
E)Nephrite

Question 13

Which of the following words refers to any disease of the kidney?

A)Nephrosis
B)Nephropathy
C)Hematuria
D)Nitrogenous
E)Hyperplasia

Question 14

Which of the following is the filtration unit of the kidney?

A)Renphron
B)Nephron
C)Neuron
D)Nitrogen
E)Meatus

Question 15

A specialist in treating disorders of the urinary tract is called a:

A)nephrologist.
B)renologist.
C)urologist.
D)cystologist.
E)orchiologist.

Question 16

The word element that means study of is:

A)-logy.
B)ren-.
C)-ation.
D)-logist.
E)-etic.

Question 17

Diuresis refers to:

A)excretion of a large volume of urine.
B)excessive sweating.
C)blood in the urine.
D)an agent that increases urinary output.
E)an excision a segment of the vas deferens.

Question 18

The meaning of the abbreviation ARF is:

A)acute retention failure.
B)across renal fissure.
C)acute renal failure.
D)acute renal fistula.
E)arachitic renal function.

Question 19

The word element that means kidney is:

A)-logy.
B)urin-.
C)-ation.
D)ren-.
E)-etic.

Question 20

Which of the following is an agent that increases urine output?

A)Nephrosis
B)Hematuria
C)Diuretic
D)Nitrogenous
E)Androgen

Question 21

The word cystitis means :

A)inflammation of the urethra.
B)difficulty or pain on urination.
C)inflammation of the bladder.
D)inability to prevent discharge of urine.
E)inflammation of the ureter.

Question 22

Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to examine the renal pelvis and ureters?

A)Nephropathy
B)Pyelogram
C)Nephrogram
D)Hematuria
E)Ureterogram

Question 23

Which of the following words means act of passing urine?

A)Enuresis
B)Nocturia
C)Hematuria
D)Micturition
E)Dysuria

Question 24

An infection of the renal pelvis is called:

A)cystitis.
B)urethritis.
C)pyelitis.
D)ureteritis.
E)pyonephrosis.

Question 25

The kidney removes waste products from the blood by a process of:

A)digestion.
B)filtration.
C)peristalsis.
D)retention.
E)resorption.

Question 26

An inflammation of the urinary bladder is called:

A)cystitis.
B)urethritis.
C)pyelitis.
D)ureteritis.
E)nephritis.

Question 27

Which of the following diseases is an inflammation of the kidney tissue between the renal tubules?

A)Interstitial nephritis
B)Polycystic kidney disease
C)Chronic renal failure
D)Uremia
E)Orchitis

Question 28

The word incontinence means :

A)inflammation of the urethra.
B)difficulty or pain on urination.
C)inflammation of the bladder.
D)inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces.
E)inflammation of the ureter.

Question 29

Which of the following words refers to involuntary bed-wetting?

A)Enuresis
B)Nocturia
C)Hematuria
D)Micturition
E)Dysuria

Question 30

Which of the following words is derived from the Latin word meaning to hold back?

A)Dysuria
B)Incontinent
C)Distension
D)Retention
E)Diuresis

Question 31

Which of the following word elements means pertaining to?

A)pub-
B)-itis
C)-ent
D)-osis
E)dys-

Question 32

An infection of the urethra is called:

A)cystitis.
B)urethritis.
C)pyelitis.
D)ureteritis.
E)pyonephrosis.

Question 33

Which of the following is a term for gradual loss of renal function?

A)Interstitial nephritis
B)Polycystic kidney disease
C)Oliguria
D)Uremia
E)Chronic renal failure

Question 34

The procedure to visualize the urinary bladder is called:

A)pyeloscopy.
B)renoscopy.
C)ureteroscopy.
D)nephroscopy.
E)cystoscopy.

Question 35

The word element that means inflammation is:

A)pub-.
B)-itis.
C)-ent.
D)-osis.
E)dys-.

Question 36

The most common form of kidney cancer is:

A)wilm's tumor.
B)nephrotic syndrome.
C)chronic glomerulonephritis.
D)renal cell carcinoma.
E)nephrosarcoma.

Question 37

Which of the following conditions results from excessive amounts of nitrogenous waste products in the blood?

A)Interstitial nephritis
B)Polycystic kidney disease
C)Chronic renal failure
D)Oliguria
E)Uremia

Question 38

The word urethritis means :

A)inflammation of the urethra.
B)difficulty or pain on urination.
C)inflammation of the bladder.
D)inability to prevent discharge of urine.
E)inflammation of the ureter.

Question 39

Which statement best defines the medical term meatus?

A)The external opening of a passage.
B)The act of voiding.
C)A band of muscle that encircles an opening.
D)Difficulty or pain on urination.
E)It is located above the symphysis pubis.

Question 40

The word element that means bad or difficult is:

A)pub.
B)itis.
C)ent.
D)osis.
E)dys.

Question 41

The word element that means crushing is:

A)nephr/o.
B)-tripsy.
C)-corpor-.
D)hydr/o.
E)olig-.

Question 42

The "C" in the abbreviations CKD and CRF stands for:

A)compulsive.
B)chronic.
C)complicated.
D)cystic.
E)chemo.

Question 43

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis is correctly spelled as:

A)nefhritis.
B)nephritis.
C)pilonephritis.
D)pyelonephritis.
E)glomerulonephritis.

Question 44

Involuntary micturition during sleep in older children or adults is called:

A)narcolepsy.
B)enuresis.
C)nocturia.
D)hematuria.
E)polyuria.

Question 45

What is the most correct statement about the kidney's hilum?

A)It is an opening outside the body.
B)It provides muscle control for voiding.
C)It is an opening for nerves and vessels going to and from the kidney.
D)It is a tube that connects each kidney to the pancreas.
E)It is an opening for nerves and blood vessels.

Question 46

Which of the following words means above the pubis?

A)Dysuria
B)Incontinent
C)Suprapubic
D)Retention
E)Diuresis

Question 47

The word element that means outside is:

A)nephr/o.
B)-tripsy.
C)-stalsis.
D)extra-.
E)olig-.

Question 48

The kidneys maintain homeostasis by controlling the amount of:

A)oxygen in the blood.
B)nutrients the body digests.
C)sugar in the blood.
D)water and electrolytes that are eliminated.
E)weight the body loses.

Question 49

The word element that means water is:

A)lith-.
B)peri-.
C)-iasis.
D)hydr/o.
E)cyst-.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic waste product?

A)Urea
B)Ammonia
C)Carbon dioxide
D)Electrolytes
E)Hemoglobin

Question 51

Which of the following words means painful urination?

A)Dysuria
B)Incontinent
C)Distention
D)Retention
E)Diuresis

Question 52

Which of the following word elements means scanty?

A)nephr/
B)-tripsy
C)-stalsis
D)extra-
E)olig-

Question 53

Which of the following words is derived from the Latin word meaning to empty?

A)Urinate
B)Void
C)Urination
D)Micturition
E)Dialysis

Question 54

The word element that means stone is:

A)lith/o.
B)peri-.
C)-iasis.
D)hydr/o.
E)cyst-.

Question 55

What is the most common treatment for renal cell carcinoma?

A)Cystoscopy
B)Radical nephrectomy
C)Renoscopy
D)Partial excision of the kidney
E)Lithotripsy

Question 56

What is the correct medical term for a spillover of sugar into the urine?

A)Nephrolithiasis
B)Glycosuria
C)Hematuria
D)Glomerulonephritis
E)Nephroblastoma

Question 57

What happens if body wastes are not eliminated?

A)You gain weight
B)You get sleepy
C)The wastes will poison the entire body
D)You lose weight
E)The wastes will increase your appetite

Question 58

The word element that means condition, state of is:

A)lith/o.
B)peri-.
C)-iasis.
D)hydr/o.
E)cyst-.

Question 59

In both the male and the female, the opening of the urethra to the outside is called the:

A)external urethral sphincter.
B)internal urethral sphincter.
C)external urinary meatus.
D)external orifice.
E)internal orifice.

Question 60

The word element that means around is:

A)lith/o.
B)peri-.
C)-iasis.
D)hydr/o.
E)cyst-.

Question 61

Dr.Baker has diagnosed Mr.Johnson with incontinence.This means Mr.Johnson:

A)has pain when he urinates.
B)has a very slow stream of urine.
C)is unable to prevent discharge of urine or feces.
D)has blood in his urine.
E)voids scant amounts of urine.

Question 62

Why are women more prone to urinary tract infections?

A)Their urethra is longer than a man's
B)They have lower resistance to certain bacteria
C)Their urethra is larger than a man's
D)Their urethra is shorter than a man's
E)Their urethra is smaller than a man's

Question 63

Blood in the urine is the condition known as:

A)oliguria.
B)hematuria.
C)polyuria.
D)polydipsia.
E)hemoptysis.

Question 64

The best definition for anuria is:

A)blood in the urine.
B)painful urination.
C)absence of urine production.
D)scanty urine production.
E)frequent urination at night.

Question 65

Severe burns, trauma, septicemia, toxins like excess alcohol and mercury can sometimes cause:

A)chronic renal failure.
B)nephritis.
C)acute renal failure.
D)glomerulonephritis.
E)polycystic kidney disease.

Question 66

What diagnostic test is used to determine if the patient has a UTI?

A)MRI
B)Ultrasound
C)CT scan
D)Blood test
E)UA

Question 67

Waste products are filtered from the blood by the:

A)casts.
B)amino acids.
C)nephrons in the kidney cortex.
D)platelets in the blood.
E)calculi.

Question 68

Which two word elements both mean kidney?

A)ren- and lith-
B)nephr/o and ren-
C)urin- and -ation
D)-gen and nephr/o
E)nephr- and -uria

Question 69

The urinary system carries the major burden of excreting body wastes.Which organ within the system does the actual eliminating?

A)The bladder
B)The ureter
C)The urethra
D)The kidney
E)The pancreas

Question 70

What does pH measure?

A)How acidic or alkaline urine is
B)The amount of sugar in the urine
C)The amount of blood in the urine
D)The amount of protein in the urine
E)How much water is in the urine

Question 71

The filtrate from the kidney's filtration process will ultimately become:

A)urea.
B)ammonia.
C)uremia.
D)urine.
E)nitrite.

Question 72

Inserting a tube-like optical instrument through the urethra into the bladder to examine the bladder's lining is called:

A)nephroscopy.
B)cystoscopy.
C)laparoscopy.
D)gastroscopy.
E)ureteroscopy.

Question 73

Which of the following is an inherited kidney disease?

A)CAPD
B)PKD
C)CRF
D)ARF
E)ESRD

Question 74

Pyelitis is inflammation of the:

A)kidney.
B)ureter.
C)urethra.
D)bladder.
E)renal pelvis.

Question 75

Which of the following is not a diagnostic test for the urinary system?

A)KUB
B)IVP
C)VCUG
D)CT
E)LUL

Question 76

Odor of normal urine has a slight "nutty" scent.What gives urine a fruity odor?

A)Cystitis
B)Ketosis
C)Urethritis
D)Nephritis
E)Proteinuria

Question 77

Ketoacidosis could be a complication resulting from what other clinical problem?

A)Endocarditis
B)Nephroblastoma
C)Arthritis
D)Diabetes
E)Otitis

Question 78

Which two terms from urinary vocabulary have the same meaning?

A)Reflex and sphincter
B)Meatus and enuresis
C)Suprapubic and suprarenal
D)Void and micturate
E)Incontinence and retention

Question 79

Fluid retention with edema of the ankles and legs is the most obvious symptom of:

A)nephrotic syndrome.
B)renal cell carcinoma.
C)Wilms tumor.
D)hematuria.
E)renal adenoma.

Question 80

What is the medical term for a band of muscle that encircles an opening; when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed?

A)Meatus
B)Reflex
C)Ketone
D)Sphincter
E)Flank