Deck 8: The Nervous System-Senses

Question 1

All of the following terms mean ear except which one?

A) None of the answer choices are correct.
B) aur/o
C) tympan/o
D) ot/o

Answer 1

C
Explanation: The combining form tympan/o means eardrum.

Question 2

What type of receptor detects tissue injury?

A) Thermoreceptors
B) Nociceptors
C) Mechanoreceptors
D) Photoreceptors

Answer 2

B
Explanation: Thermoreceptors detect heat and cold. Mechanoreceptors detect touch, vibration, stretch, and pressure. Nociceptors are pain receptors that detect tissue injury or potential tissue injury.

Question 3

Which of the following pathways for pain is shown in the correct order?

A) Unipolar neuron - spinal cord - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - thalamus - parietal lobe
B) Unipolar neuron - spinal cord - reticular formation - hypothalamus and limbic system
C) Unipolar neuron - spinal cord - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - parietal lobe
D) All of these answers are correct.

Answer 3

D
Explanation: Either of these pathways describes how the nociceptor for pain works.

Question 4

Which cell type in the taste bud is the chemoreceptor for taste?

A) Taste cells
B) Basal cells
C) Support cells
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 5

Which of the following combining forms means own?

A) presby/o
B) retin/o
C) corne/o
D) propri/o

Question 6

Which of the following combining forms means hearing?

A) audi/o
B) aur/o
C) tympan/o
D) ot/o

Question 7

Which statement best describes the receptive field?

A) The brain's ability to distinguish between different types of sensations
B) The ability of each neuron in the skin to detect a stimulus in a given area
C) The ability of the brain to detect different levels of intense sensation
D) The ability of the receptor to have various durations of the sensation

Question 8

Which taste is described as meaty?

A) Salty
B) Umami
C) Bitter
D) Sweet

Question 9

Which cell type in the taste bud is responsible for replacing cells as they die?

A) Taste cells
B) Basal cells
C) Support cells
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 10

Which taste is most concentrated on the tip of the tongue?

A) Salty
B) Sour
C) Bitter
D) Sweet

Question 11

Which of the following combining forms means stone?

A) lacrim/o
B) lith/o
C) propri/o
D) aur/o

Question 12

All of the following are a type of mechanoreceptor except which one?

A) Free nerve endings
B) Tactile corpuscles
C) Hair receptors
D) Lamellar corpuscles

Question 13

Which of the following combining forms refers to a part of the ear?

A) corne/o
B) cochle/o
C) scler/o
D) audi/o

Question 14

Which statement about taste cells is false?

A) They are the bumps that cover the surface of the tongue.
B) They are epithelial cells with sensory neurons at their base.
C) They secrete a neurotransmitter to stimulate the sensory neuron at their base.
D) They have taste hairs on their surface.

Question 15

All of the following terms mean eye except which one?

A) ocul/o
B) opt/o
C) opthalm/o
D) scler/o

Question 16

What are the bumps on the surface of the tongue called?

A) Taste cells
B) Taste papillae
C) Lingual papillae
D) Basal cells

Question 17

Which statement about special senses is false?

A) Special senses are simple receptors in the skin, muscles, joints, tendons, and organs.
B) Special senses involve organs located only in the head.
C) Special sense organs are used for taste, smell, hearing, equilibrium and vision.
D) Special sense organs are not located all over the body and are not used for touch, stretch, heat, cold and pain.

Question 18

Which tastes are most concentrated on the lateral sides of the tongue?

A) Salty and sour
B) Sour and sweet
C) Bitter and umami
D) Sweet and salty

Question 19

What is the function of tactile disc?

A) Mechanoreceptors for light touch
B) Mechanoreceptors for heavy touch
C) Mechanoreceptors for deep pressure
D) Mechanoreceptors for light touch that bends the hair

Question 20

What type of receptor detects pressure?

A) Thermoreceptors
B) Nociceptors
C) Mechanoreceptors
D) Photoreceptors

Question 21

What kind of receptor is the olfactory hair?

A) Mechanoreceptor
B) Chemoreceptor
C) Nociceptor
D) Photoreceptor

Question 22

All of the following cranial nerves carry sensory messages for taste except which one?

A) CN VII
B) CN IX
C) CN X
D) CN VI

Question 23

Sound waves hit what structure causing vibrations?

A) Pinna
B) Auditory canal
C) Tympanic membrane
D) Oval window

Question 24

The ossicles are part of what section of the ear?

A) Outer ear
B) Middle ear
C) Inner ear
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 25

The pinna and auditory canal are part of what section of the ear?

A) Outer ear
B) Middle ear
C) Inner ear
D) Neither or these answers are correct.

Question 26

Which of the following represents the pathway for taste in the correct order?

A) Cranial nerve - medulla oblongata - parietal lobe - pons - midbrain - thalamus
B) Cranial nerve - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - thalamus - parietal lobe
C) Cranial nerve - medulla oblongata - pons - midbrain - parietal lobe - thalamus
D) Cranial nerve - pons - medulla oblongata - midbrain - thalamus - parietal lobe

Question 27

Which statement is false regarding cerumen?

A) It is produced by ceruminous glands.
B) It coats the auditory canal.
C) It contains lysozymes and a high pH to deter bacteria.
D) It serves to protect the ear.

Question 28

What type of neuron is the olfactory cell?

A) Multipolar
B) Unipolar
C) Bipolar
D) Tripolar

Question 29

Which cranial nerve is the olfactory nerve?

A) CN I
B) CN IX
C) CN VII
D) CN X

Question 30

What is otitis media?

A) An infection of the outer ear
B) An infection of the middle ear
C) An infection of the inner ear
D) None of these answers is correct.

Question 31

Which of the following represents the pathway for smell in the correct order?

A) Bipolar neuron - CN I - temporal lobe - hypothalamus and amygdala
B) Bipolar neuron - CN I - temporal lobe - frontal lobe
C) Both answers are correct.
D) Neither answer is correct.

Question 32

What is the oval window?

A) The membrane at which the stapes contacts the vestibule
B) The fluid filled tubes that coils to form a snail like structure
C) The end of the cochlea
D) The fluid within the cochlea

Question 33

The endolymph fills what structure in the inner ear?

A) Round window
B) Cochlear duct
C) Bony labyrinth
D) Vestibule

Question 34

What is olfaction?

A) Sense of taste
B) Sense of hearing
C) Sense of smell
D) Sense of touch

Question 35

Which of the following statements about how we perceive odor is false?

A) Each olfactory cell has one type of receptor to detect one particular odor.
B) The binding of an odor molecule initiates a local potential.
C) If there is a threshold stimulus at the trigger zone of the olfactory cell, an action potential is generated and passed to a synapse within the olfactory bulb of CN II.
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 36

What is swimmer's ear?

A) An infection of the outer ear
B) An infection of the middle ear
C) An infection of the inner ear
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 37

The bony labyrinth is in what section of the ear?

A) Outer ear
B) Middle ear
C) Inner ear
D) Neither or these answers are correct.

Question 38

All of the following are ossicles except which one?

A) Malleus
B) Incus
C) Staples
D) Stapes

Question 39

What structure leads from the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

A) Auditory tube
B) Eustachian tube
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 40

The hair cells in the cochlear duct have what type of neurons at their base?

A) Multipolar
B) Unipolar
C) Bipolar
D) Tripolar

Question 41

Which of the following structures protect the eye?

A) Eyelids
B) Eyelashes
C) Eyebrows
D) All of these structures protect the eye.

Question 42

What type of equilibrium is perceived as a gymnast does somersaults?

A) Static equilibrium
B) Dynamic equilibrium
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 43

What type of equilibrium is perceived when the head is rotating?

A) Static equilibrium
B) Dynamic equilibrium
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 44

What kind of receptors is used for vision?

A) Mechanoreceptor
B) Chemoreceptor
C) Nociceptor
D) Photoreceptor

Question 45

Which of the following represents the pathway for hearing in the correct order?

A) Bipolar neurons of CN VIII - pons - midbrain - temporal lobe
B) Bipolar neurons of CN VII - pons - midbrain - temporal lobe
C) Bipolar neurons of CN VIII - midbrain - pons- temporal lobe
D) Bipolar neurons of CN VIII - pons - midbrain - frontal lobe

Question 46

What is the function of the vestibular apparatus?

A) To perceive taste
B) To perceive touch
C) To perceive equilibrium
D) To perceive sound

Question 47

What is the function of the rods in the retina?

A) Photoreceptors for color vision
B) Photoreceptors for non-color vision
C) They are responsible for the best visual acuity
D) Photoreceptors for bright light conditions

Question 48

What part of the retina contains only cones and is the area of sharpest vision?

A) Optic disc
B) Macula lutea
C) Fovea centralis
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 49

Which cranial nerve is the auditory nerve?

A) CN I
B) CN IX
C) CN VIII
D) CN X

Question 50

What statement about conjunctivitis is false?

A) It is also called pink eye.
B) It is not contagious.
C) It is usually caused by a bacterium.
D) It is characterized by redness and pain.

Question 51

What part of the eye produces aqueous humor?

A) Sclera
B) Ciliary body
C) Pupil
D) Retina

Question 52

What part of the eye consists of the three regions; choroid layer,ciliary body,and the iris?

A) Sclera
B) Uvea
C) Pupil
D) Retina

Question 53

What is the function of the middle ear?

A) To transfer the sound wave to the tympanic membrane
B) To amplify the vibration of the tympanic membrane
C) To guide the sound wave into the auditory canal
D) To separate the outer ear and inner ear

Question 54

What kind of receptor are the hair cells on the basilar membrane?

A) Mechanoreceptor
B) Chemoreceptor
C) Nociceptor
D) Photoreceptor

Question 55

What type of equilibrium is perceived when the head is stationary or moving straight?

A) Static equilibrium
B) Dynamic equilibrium
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 56

All of the following are functions of the cones in the retina except which one?

A) Photoreceptors for color vision
B) Photoreceptors for non-color vision
C) They are responsible for the best visual acuity
D) Photoreceptors for brighter light conditions

Question 57

The saccule and utricle are used to perceive what kind of equilibrium?

A) Static equilibrium
B) Dynamic equilibrium
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 58

Vibrations of what structure create waves within the perilymph of the cochlear tube?

A) Tympanic membrane
B) Pinna
C) Auditory canal
D) Oval window

Question 59

Which part of the retina has a higher concentration of cones than rods?

A) Optic disc
B) Macula lutea
C) Fovea centralis
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 60

What ocular disorder results in an increase in intraocular pressure?

A) Conjunctivitis
B) Myopia
C) Glaucoma
D) Astigmatism

Question 61

What disorder is characterized by a progressive,painless,loss of vision due to the clouding of the lens of the eye?

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataract
C) Presbyopia
D) Astigmatism

Question 62

Which term describes a decreased ability to accommodate between near and far vision with aging,resulting in difficulty seeing objects up close?

A) Tinnitus
B) Otoliths
C) Presbyopia
D) Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 63

Which part of the retina has no photoreceptors and is therefore considered the blind spot?

A) Optic disc
B) Macula lutea
C) Fovea centralis
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 64

What condition results if the cornea and lens focus the image ahead of the retina?

A) Myopia
B) Hyperopia
C) Farsightedness
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 65

Which term describes a persistent abnormal ear noise,commonly experienced in the elderly due to mild hearing loss?

A) Tinnitus
B) Otoliths
C) Presbyopia
D) Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 66

What type of hearing loss is characterized by a problem with the organ of Corti or the auditory nerve?

A) Conductive hearing loss
B) Sensorineural hearing loss
C) Tinnitus
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 67

If a person cannot hear the sound produced by the tuning fork through the air but can hear the sound when the tuning fork is placed on the bone of the skull behind the ear,what type of hearing loss do they most likely have?

A) Conductive hearing loss
B) Sensorineural hearing loss
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 68

What condition results if the cornea and lens focus the image behind the retina?

A) Myopia
B) Hyperopia
C) Nearsightedness
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 69

Which test is used to diagnose color blindness?

A) Ishihara test
B) Rinne test
C) Weber test
D) Tonometry

Question 70

If a person cannot hear the sound produced by the tuning fork through the air or when the tuning fork is placed on the bone of the skull behind the ear,what type of hearing loss do they most likely have?

A) Conductive hearing loss
B) Sensorineural hearing loss
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.

Question 71

What type of hearing loss is characterized by a lesion in the outer or middle ear,preventing the proper conduction of vibrations to the inner ear?

A) Conductive hearing loss
B) Sensorineural hearing loss
C) Tinnitus
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 72

Which test is used to diagnose hearing loss?

A) Ishihara test
B) Rinne test
C) Snellen test
D) Tonometry

Question 73

Which answer lists the pathway for vision in the correct order?

A) Both answers are correct.
B) Optic nerve - optic chiasm - optic tracts - thalamus - superior colliculi of the midbrain
C) Optic nerve - optic chiasm - optic tracts - thalamus - occipital lobe
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 74

What cranial nerve is the optic nerve?

A) CN I
B) CN IX
C) CN II
D) CN X

Question 75

Which test is used to diagnose glaucoma?

A) Ishihara test
B) Rinne test
C) Weber test
D) Tonometry

Question 76

What type of hearing loss can be tested using a tuning fork?

A) Conductive hearing loss
B) Sensorineural hearing loss
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.