Deck 5: The Skeletal System

Question 1

Which statement best describes a short bone?

A) A bone that looks like a sheet of modeling clay molded over an object
B) A bone that is longer than it is wide and has clubby ends
C) A bone that is not longer than it is wide
D) A bone that looks like a sesame seed

Answer 1

C
Explanation: A short bone is not longer than it is wide, they are more cubed shaped like wrist bones.

Question 2

Which statement best describes a flat bone?

A) A bone that looks like a sheet of modeling clay molded over an object
B) A bone that is longer than it is wide and has clubby ends
C) A bone that is not longer than it is wide
D) A bone that looks like a sesame seed

Answer 2

A
Explanation: A short flat bone is flat and looks like a sheet of modeling clay that has been molded over an object.

Question 3

Which of the following combining forms means straight?

A) humer/o
B) ili/o
C) orth/o
D) carp/o

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The combining form orth/o means straight.

Question 4

Which of the following combining forms means lower back?

A) maxill/o
B) femor/o
C) phalang/o
D) lumb/o

Question 5

What are the two major divisions of the human skeleton?

A) Limb and trunk
B) Appendicular and trunk
C) Axial and limb
D) Axial and appendicular

Question 6

Which of the following is not part of the appendicular skeleton?

A) Bones of the leg
B) Bones of the neck
C) Bones of the girdle
D) Bones of the arm

Question 7

What type of bone resembles a sesame seed and grows in tendons where there is a lot of friction?

A) Short bone
B) Sesamoid bone
C) Long bone
D) Flat bone

Question 8

Which of the following combining forms means upper jaw?

A) maxill/o
B) crani/o
C) pub/o
D) oste/o

Question 9

All of the following combining forms refer to a bone in the hip except which one?

A) pub/o
B) ili/o
C) ischi/o
D) condyl/o

Question 10

Which of the following combining forms means joint?

A) burs/o
B) arthr/o
C) tars/o
D) synov/o

Question 11

All of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton except which one?

A) Bones of the leg
B) Bones of the neck
C) Bones of the head
D) Bones of the trunk

Question 12

What type of bone is a vertebra?

A) Short bone
B) Sesamoid bone
C) Irregular bone
D) Flat bone

Question 13

Which of the following combining forms means cartilage?

A) chondr/o
B) carp/o
C) cranio/o
D) cost/o

Question 14

What type of bone is the sphenoid bone?

A) Short bone
B) Sesamoid bone
C) Long bone
D) Irregular bone

Question 15

What structure protects the pituitary gland?

A) The cribiform plate
B) The concha
C) The ethmoid bone
D) The sella turcica

Question 16

What is the name of the large opening in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to exit the cranial cavity?

A) Foramen magnum
B) Magnum foramen
C) Occipital foramen
D) Foramen occipital

Question 17

Which of the following is not a cranial bone?

A) Frontal
B) Occipital
C) Temporal
D) Foramen

Question 18

Which of the following combining forms mean rib?

A) cost/o
B) orth/o
C) myel/o
D) stern/o

Question 19

Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?

A) Frontal
B) Lacrimal
C) Zygomatic
D) Nasal

Question 20

All of the following bones are flat bones except which one?

A) Ribs
B) Sternum
C) Cranial bones of the skull
D) Vertebra

Question 21

All of the following bones have sinuses except which one?

A) Frontal
B) Ethmoid
C) Mandible
D) Sphenoid

Question 22

What allows the ribs to attach to the thoracic vertebrae?

A) Odontoid process
B) Costal facets
C) Xyphoid process
D) Dens

Question 23

Which type of vertebrae has costal facets?

A) Cervical
B) Thoracic
C) Lumbar
D) Sacral

Question 24

How many thoracic vertebrae are in the spinal column?

A) 7
B) 12
C) 5
D) 2

Question 25

Which term describes an exaggerated curvature of the lumbar vertebrae?

A) Scoliosis
B) Lordosis
C) Kyphosis
D) Hunchback

Question 26

Starting at the superior end of the spinal column,name the type of vertebrae in order.

A) Cervical, thoracic, lumbar
B) Thoracic, cervical, lumbar
C) Cervical, lumbar, thoracic
D) Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

Question 27

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the spinal column?

A) 7
B) 12
C) 5
D) 2

Question 28

What is the function of the vertebral foramen?

A) To allow spinal nerves to exit the vertebrae
B) To support the weight of the body
C) An opening that allows the spinal cord to pass through the vertebrae
D) Attachment points for tendons and ligaments

Question 29

All of the following are functions of the mucous membrane lining of the sinuses except which one?

A) Fill the sinus with air.
B) Warm the air.
C) Give resonance to voice.
D) Moisten the air.

Question 30

Compression of the intervertebral disc causing the disc to bulge out laterally is called what?

A) Intervertebral hernia
B) Intervertebral compression
C) Herniated compression
D) Herniated disc

Question 31

How many bones make up the adult spinal column?

A) 20
B) 26
C) 31
D) 22

Question 32

All of the following are functions of the intervertebral disc except which one?

A) Support body weight.
B) Allow nerves to exit between vertebrae.
C) Act as shock absorbers.
D) Cushion to vertebrae with each step.

Question 33

How many cervical vertebrae are in the spinal column?

A) 7
B) 12
C) 5
D) 2

Question 34

What is a sinus?

A) Holes in the facial bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to pass through
B) Attachment points for ligaments
C) Cavities within the bone
D) Attachment points for tendons

Question 35

Which statement correctly describes kyphosis?

A) Lateral curvature of the spine
B) Exaggerated curvature of the lumbar vertebrae
C) Exaggerated abnormal curvature of the thoracic vertebrae
D) Swayback

Question 36

What is the most common abnormal curvature of the spine?

A) Scoliosis
B) Lordosis
C) Kyphosis
D) Swayback

Question 37

What are sinuses lined with?

A) Muscle
B) Mucous membranes
C) Connective tissue
D) Cartilage

Question 38

What type of vertebrae are the axis and the atlas?

A) Cervical
B) Thoracic
C) Lumbar
D) Sacral

Question 39

What is the function of the spinous and transverse process of the vertebrae?

A) To allow spinal nerves to exit the vertebrae
B) To support the weight of the body
C) An opening that allows the spinal cord to pass through the vertebrae
D) Attachment points for tendons and ligaments

Question 40

Which of the following lists the number of each type of vertebrae correctly?

A) Seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, one sacrum and one coccyx
B) Seven cervical vertebrae, five thoracic vertebrae, twelve lumbar vertebrae, one sacrum and one coccyx
C) Twelve cervical vertebrae, five thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, one sacrum and one coccyx
D) Seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, two sacra and one coccyx

Question 41

All of the following bones are found only in the ankle and foot except which one?

A) Talus
B) Tarsal
C) Metatarsal
D) Phalanges

Question 42

Which of the following bones are located in the hand?

A) Metatarsals
B) Tarsals
C) Metacarpals
D) Calcaneus

Question 43

All of the following are prominent features on the scapula except which one?

A) Acromion process
B) Coracoid process
C) Glenoid cavity
D) Capitulum

Question 44

Which statement correctly describes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle?

A) The pelvic girdle bones attach the arm bones to the axial skeleton while the pectoral girdle bones attach the leg bones to the axial skeleton.
B) The pectoral girdle bones attach the arm bones to the axial skeleton while the pelvic girdle bones attach the leg bones to the axial skeleton.
C) The pectoral girdle bones attach the arm bones to the axial skeleton while the pelvic girdle bones attach the leg bones to the appendicular skeleton.
D) The pectoral girdle bones attach the arm bones to the appendicular skeleton while the pelvic girdle bones attach the leg bones to the axial skeleton.

Question 45

Which of the following features can be found on the humerus,radius and femur?

A) Neck
B) Condyles
C) Head
D) Styloid process

Question 46

What is the function of the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus?

A) Articulate with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
B) Points of attachment for muscles by tendons
C) Articulate with the radius.
D) Articulate with the scapula.

Question 47

The right and left pelvic girdle along with the sacrum and coccyx form the what?

A) Sacroiliac joint
B) Pubic symphysis
C) Pelvis
D) Acetabulum

Question 48

What part of the sternum can be broken during CPR?

A) Manubrium
B) Body
C) Xyphoid process
D) Hyoid

Question 49

Which bone articulates with the femur at the knee?

A) Tibia
B) Fibula
C) Patella
D) Ilium

Question 50

Which two bones connect the arm to the axial skeleton?

A) Fibula and tibia
B) Radius and ulna
C) Humerus and femur
D) Clavicle and scapula

Question 51

Which bones are long bones of the forearm?

A) Fibula and tibia
B) Radius and ulna
C) Humerus and femur
D) Clavicle and scapula

Question 52

All of the following are parts of the humerus except which one?

A) Head
B) Greater and lesser tubercles
C) Styloid process
D) Capitulum

Question 53

All of the following are types of ribs except which one?

A) True ribs
B) False ribs
C) Costal ribs
D) Floating ribs

Question 54

What is the proximal long bone of the arm?

A) Ulna
B) Radius
C) Humerus
D) Clavicle

Question 55

Which statement is false regarding the hyoid bone?

A) The hyoid bone is attached to the mandible.
B) The hyoid bone is not attached to another bone.
C) The hyoid bone forms the angle between the chin and neck.
D) A fractured hyoid bone can be an indication of strangulation.

Question 56

Tarsal bones are bones of the what?

A) The hand
B) The pelvic girdle
C) The ankle and foot
D) The toes

Question 57

What is the function of the pubic symphysis?

A) To connect the right and left pelvic girdles
B) The hip socket that allows the pelvic girdle to articulate with the femur
C) To connect the ilium and the sacrum
D) To fuse the ilium, ischium and pubis together

Question 58

All of the following are functions of the sternum except which one?

A) A protective plate for the heart
B) Attachment site for ribs
C) A protective plate for the lungs
D) Attachment point for pectoral girdle

Question 59

What is the proximal long bone of the leg?

A) Tibia
B) Fibula
C) Femur
D) Ilium

Question 60

The following bones make up the pelvic girdle except which one?

A) Acetabulum
B) Ilium
C) Ischium
D) Pubis

Question 61

Osteoblasts perform all of the following functions except which one?

A) Osteoblasts build bone by forming a soft matrix of protein and carbohydrates with collagen molecules.
B) Osteoblasts allow hard minerals to be deposited in the matrix.
C) Osteoblasts break down bone when necessary.
D) Osteoblasts build bone tissue.

Question 62

Which disorder is a congenital defect characterized by brittle bones that lack collagen fibers?

A) Osteogenesis imperfecta
B) Rickets
C) Osteomalacia
D) Osteoarthritis

Question 63

What type of bone marrow is found in the cavity of mature long bones?

A) Yellow
B) Red
C) White
D) Brown

Question 64

What type of joint is formed by fibrous ligaments holding a tooth in its socket?

A) Suture joint
B) Syndesmoses joint
C) Gomphoses joint
D) Symphyses joint

Question 65

What term below describes the shaft of the long bone?

A) Epiphyses
B) Marrow
C) Diaphysis
D) Endosteum

Question 66

Which statement is false regarding cancellous bone?

A) This type of bone is found in the end of long bones.
B) This type of bone is does not have Haversian systems.
C) This type of bone is arranged in slivers and plates called trabeculae.
D) This type of bone is arranged in a series of osteons.

Question 67

Which type of synovial joint has concave surfaces of the bones that articulate with one another?

A) Hinge
B) Ball and socket
C) Saddle
D) Gliding

Question 68

What type of cartilage covers the ends of long bones?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Fibroelastic cartilage

Question 69

What type of bone is dense and highly organized?

A) Cancellous bone
B) Compact bone
C) Haversian bone
D) Trabeculae bone

Question 70

What part of the long bone is a source of osteoblasts?

A) Cartilage
B) Marrow
C) Endosteum
D) Periosteum

Question 71

What is the function of hydroxyapatite in bone?

A) Make the matrix flexible.
B) Harden the matrix.
C) Soften the matrix.
D) Hydroxyapatite has no function in bone tissue.

Question 72

Which of the following describes the periosteum?

A) The fibrous covering of the diaphysis
B) The lining of the marrow cavity
C) The nutrient artery that enters the diaphysis
D) A source of osteoclasts

Question 73

Which type of joint has a joint cavity?

A) Suture joint
B) Syndesmoses joint
C) Synovial joint
D) Symphyses joint

Question 74

Which statement about red bone marrow is false?

A) Red marrow is composed of stem cells.
B) Red marrow is found in the cavity of long bones.
C) Red marrow produces both red and white blood cells and platelets.
D) Red marrow is found in the spaces of cancellous bone.

Question 75

What type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral disks?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Fibroelastic cartilage

Question 76

The Achilles tendon attaches the calf muscles to what bone?

A) Talus
B) Calcaneus
C) Navicular
D) Cuneiform

Question 77

What are osteoblasts?

A) Cells that break down bone
B) Cells that build bone
C) Cells that build cartilage
D) Cells that break down cartilage

Question 78

What types of cartilage is found in the pinna of the ear and in the epiglottis of the throat?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Fibroelastic cartilage

Question 79

Which of the following is not a feature of compact bone?

A) Lacunae
B) Trabeculae
C) Haversian canal
D) Lamellae

Question 80

What are osteoclasts?

A) Cells that break down bone
B) Cells that build bone
C) Cells that build cartilage
D) Cells that break down cartilage