Deck 4: The Integumentary System

Question 1

Which of the following is not a layer of the epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum keratum

Answer 1

D
Explanation: The layers of the epidermis are the stratum basale, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. The stratum keratum is not a layer of the epidermis.

Question 2

The stratum basale dips into the dermis to form what?

A) Nail bed
B) Hypodermis
C) Sweat glands
D) Hair follicle

Answer 2

D
Explanation: The stratum basale dips into the dermis to form hair follicles.

Question 3

Which of the following combining forms mean blue?

A) cutane/o
B) cyan/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Answer 3

B
Explanation: The combining form cyan/o means blue.

Question 4

Skin is composed of what two layers?

A) Dermis, hypodermis
B) Dermis, subcutaneous
C) Epidermis, dermis
D) Epidermis, hypodermis

Question 5

Which of the following combining forms mean hard?

A) kerat/o
B) cyan/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Question 6

Whichof the following combining forms mean nail?

A) cutane/o
B) cyan/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Question 7

All of the following are false regarding the hypodermis except which statement?

A) The hypodermis is the third layer of skin.
B) The hypodermis contains the skin's blood vessels, nerve endings and glands.
C) The hypodermis lies deep to the dermis, is composed of adipose tissue, and connects the skin to the body.
D) The hypodermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue.

Question 8

The stratum basale lies deep to which layer of the epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum spinosum

Question 9

The skin makes up what percentage of body weight?

A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 25%
D) 50%

Question 10

All of the following combining forms mean skin except which one?

A) cutane/o
B) derm/o
C) dermat/o
D) seb/o

Question 11

Which of the following combining forms mean oil?

A) kerat/o
B) seb/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Question 12

Which of the following combining forms mean skin?

A) cutane/o
B) cyan/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Question 13

What is the body's largest organ?

A) Liver
B) Brain
C) Stomach
D) Skin

Question 14

Which layer of the epidermis has cells that are actively growing and dividing to produce new epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum spinosum

Question 15

Which of the following combining forms mean black?

A) cutane/o
B) cyan/o
C) melan/o
D) onych/o

Question 16

Which layer of skin is best for subcutaneous injections?

A) Dermis
B) Epidermis
C) Dermis or hypodermis
D) Hypodermis

Question 17

All of the following statements describe the dermis except which one?

A) The dermis has cutaneous glands, hair follicles, and nerve endings.
B) The dermis is the skin's most superficial layer.
C) The dermis is the skin's deepest layer.
D) The dermis is composed of loose/areolar connective tissue over dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 18

Which of the following statements describes the epidermis?

A) The epidermis has cutaneous glands, hair follicles, and nerve endings.
B) The epidermis is the skin's most superficial layer.
C) The epidermis is the skin's deepest layer.
D) The dermis is composed of loose/areolar connective tissue over dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 19

What is the hypodermis?

A) The layer of adipose tissue beneath the dermis
B) The layer of skin beneath the dermis
C) The layer of loose/areolar connective tissue beneath the dermis
D) The layer of stratified squamous epithelial tissue beneath the dermis

Question 20

What type of cell does the stratum basale contain?

A) Squamous
B) Cuboidal
C) Columnar
D) Transitional

Question 21

What is cornification?

A) The process of epidermal cells filling with keratin and moving to the surface of the epidermis to form a durable waterproof layer
B) The process of skin pigmentation
C) The process of receptors allowing for fine touch
D) The process of the immune system being alerted by the presence of pathogens

Question 22

What is the function of elastic fibers in the skin?

A) Strength
B) Cushioning
C) Extensibility
D) Elasticity

Question 23

Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum spinosum

Question 24

What is the purpose of cornification?

A) To form a durable, waterproof layer on the surface of the skin
B) To give the skin color
C) To allow skin to feel fine touch
D) To protect the skin from pathogens

Question 25

What is the definition of elasticity?

A) The ability to be stretched
B) The ability to extend
C) The ability to keep shape.
D) The ability to return to shape after being stretched

Question 26

Dendritic cells are found in what layer of the epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum spinosum

Question 27

Fibroblast produces what two protein fibers in the dermis?

A) Loose/areolar and elastic
B) Collagen and dense irregular
C) Collagen and elastic
D) Loose/areolar and dense irregular

Question 28

Which cells in the epidermis grow and divide?

A) Keratinocytes
B) Melanocytes
C) Tactile corpuscles
D) Dendritic cells

Question 29

What is the function of dendritic cells in the skin?

A) To form a durable, waterproof layer on the surface of the skin
B) To give the skin color
C) To allow skin to feel fine touch
D) To protect the skin from pathogens

Question 30

The arrangement of what feature in the dermis creates unique fingerprints?

A) Keratin
B) Papillae
C) Cutaneous glands
D) Nerve endings

Question 31

What type of connective tissue makes up the dermis?

A) Adipose tissue and loose/areolar tissue
B) Adipose tissue and dense irregular tissue
C) Collagen and elastic tissue
D) Loose/areolar tissue and dense irregular tissue

Question 32

What is the difference in thick skin and thin skin?

A) Thin skin is thinner than thick skin.
B) Thick skin has hair.
C) Thin skin does not have the stratum lucidum layer while thick skin does.
D) Thick skin is found all over the body, while thin skin is found on lips, palms of hands and soles of feet.

Question 33

Melanocytes reside in what layer of the epidermis?

A) The stratum basale
B) The stratum lucidum
C) The stratum corneum
D) The stratum spinosum

Question 34

Which of the following are not found in the dermis?

A) Hair follicles
B) Nerve endings
C) Blood vessels
D) Melanocytes

Question 35

How do vitamin A and C contribute to healthy skin?

A) Allow for elasticity.
B) Help with collagen production.
C) Help with elastic fiber production.
D) Help with melanin production.

Question 36

What is the hard,waterproof protein that fills keratinocytes?

A) Melanin
B) Keratin
C) Sebum
D) Corneum

Question 37

All of the following have the stratum lucidum layer of the epidermis except which one?

A) Thin skin
B) Thick skin
C) Skin on the palms of hands
D) Skin with no hair

Question 38

What cell type in the epidermis is responsible for the skin's pigment?

A) Keratinocytes
B) Melanocytes
C) Tactile corpuscles
D) Dendritic cells

Question 39

What is the function of collagen fibers in the skin?

A) Strength
B) Cushioning
C) Extensibility
D) Elasticity

Question 40

What is the function of tactile corpuscles found in the skin?

A) To form a durable, waterproof layer on the surface of the skin
B) To give the skin color
C) To allow skin to feel fine touch
D) To protect the skin from pathogens

Question 41

All of the following are functions of the nerve cell endings in the dermis except which one?

A) Receptors for warm and cold
B) Receptors for pain and pressure
C) Receptors for hair movement
D) All of the answer choices are functions of the nerve cells in the dermis.

Question 42

What type of hair is thick,coarse,and heavily pigmented?

A) Lanugo
B) Vellus
C) Terminal
D) Vellum

Question 43

Which cutaneous gland produces sebum?

A) Sebaceous
B) Mammary
C) Apocrine
D) Ceruminous

Question 44

All of the following are layers of hair except which one?

A) Inner medulla
B) Outer cuticle
C) Outer cortex
D) Middle cortex

Question 45

What is the function of sebum?

A) Cool the body.
B) Nourish an infant.
C) Moisturize the skin and hair.
D) Waterproof the ear.

Question 46

What is considered the nail's growth center?

A) Nail groove
B) Nail plate
C) Nail matrix
D) Nail fold

Question 47

What is the function of the sebaceous gland?

A) To produce sebum
B) To produce milk
C) To produce sweat
D) To produce cerumen

Question 48

Which part of the hair extends out from the skin's surface?

A) Shaft
B) Hair follicle
C) Bulb
D) Root

Question 49

What is considered the hair's growth center?

A) Keratinocytes
B) Dermal papillae
C) Melanocyte
D) Hair follicle

Question 50

What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?

A) Pigmentation
B) Strength
C) Movement
D) Nourishment

Question 51

What type of epidermal cells composes the eponychium of the nail?

A) Stratum basale cells
B) Stratum lucidum cells
C) Stratum corneum cells
D) Stratum granulosum cells

Question 52

All of the following describe the nail plate except which one?

A) Free edge of the nail
B) Nail body
C) Visible portion of the nail
D) Nail root

Question 53

All of the following are stages of the hair's life cycle except which one?

A) Growing
B) Resting
C) Dormant
D) Dying

Question 54

What is the function of keratinocytes as it relates to hair?

A) Pigmentation
B) Texture
C) Form the hair matrix
D) Move the hair

Question 55

All of the following are functions of lactic acid in sweat except which one?

A) Maintain a pH between 4 and 6.
B) Produce a scent that influences behavior.
C) Forms an acid mantle on the skin.
D) Reduces the number of pathogens on the skin.

Question 56

Which of the following statements is not a description of how skin protects the body?

A) Cornified stratum corneum makes it hard for pathogens to enter.
B) The skin's surface has an acidic pH.
C) The skin has dendritic cells that respond to pathogens.
D) All of these are descriptions of how the skin protects the body.

Question 57

What type of hair is very fine unpigmented and forms on the developing fetus?

A) Lanugo
B) Vellus
C) Terminal
D) Vellum

Question 58

What is the function of sweat?

A) Cool the body.
B) Nourish an infant.
C) Moisturize the skin.
D) Waterproof the ear.

Question 59

What factor affects hair texture?

A) The shaft's cross sectional shape
B) The length of the shaft
C) The color of the hair shaft
D) The amount of keratin in the hair shaft

Question 60

What is the function of the dermal papillae at the base of the hair follicle?

A) Pigmentation
B) Strength
C) Texture
D) Nourishment

Question 61

What type of burn is also referred to as a partial thickness burn?

A) First degree burn
B) Second degree burn
C) Third degree burn
D) Fourth degree burn

Question 62

The fact that the epidermis is waterproof allows the skin to perform what function?

A) Nonverbal communication
B) Water retention
C) Vitamin D production
D) Sensation

Question 63

What are the two ways in which wounds heal?

A) Fibrosis and granulation
B) Regeneration and contracture
C) Regeneration and fibrosis
D) Contracture and granulation

Question 64

Which diagnostic test removes a piece of tissue from the body so that it can be analyzed in the laboratory?

A) Skin biopsy
B) Skin scraping
C) Wood's light
D) Wood's biopsy

Question 65

Which statement correctly describes the effect of aging on hair?

A) Terminal hairs become coarser.
B) Hair on scalp becomes thicker.
C) Hair follicle sebaceous glands increase in number, causing hair to be oilier.
D) Loss of melanocytes in the skin has caused the hair to turn gray.

Question 66

How does the process of sweating help the body regulate temperature?

A) Sweat is cold and the production of it decreases body temperature.
B) Sweat produced on the skin will evaporate and cool the body if body temperature is too high.
C) Sweat helps trap cool air against the skin thereby reducing body temperature.
D) Sweat causes vasodilation which allows the core temperature of the body to drop.

Question 67

Which of the following is a sign of a third degree burn?

A) Pain
B) Redness
C) Blisters
D) Charring

Question 68

Why is vitamin D production by the skin important to the body?

A) Vitamin D adds strength to the skin, making it hard to penetrate.
B) Vitamin D protects the skin from pathogens.
C) Vitamin D protects the skin from UV light.
D) Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption.

Question 69

Which of the following lists the steps to wound healing in the correct order?

A) Bleeding and clotting of the wound, wound contracture, granulation tissue fills in the wound's clot, a cut into the dermis
B) A cut into the dermis, bleeding and clotting of the wound, granulation tissue fills in the wound's clot, wound contracture
C) Wound contracture, a cut into the dermis, bleeding and clotting of the wound, granulation tissue fills in the wound's clot
D) A cut into the dermis, bleeding and clotting of the wound, wound contracture, granulation tissue fills in the wound's clot

Question 70

What type of burn involves the epidermis,the dermis and the hypodermis?

A) First degree burn
B) Second degree burn
C) Third degree burn
D) Fourth degree burn

Question 71

Wounds that heal by fibrosis result in what?

A) The wound is healed with the same tissue that was damaged and normal function is restored.
B) The wound is healed with scar tissue and normal function is not restored.
C) The wound is healed with the same tissue that was damaged and normal function is not restored.
D) The wound is healed with scar tissue and normal function is restored.

Question 72

What type of burn is the most common?

A) First degree burn
B) Second degree burn
C) Third degree burn
D) Fourth degree burn

Question 73

Which diagnostic test may show the presence of scabies mites that have burrowed into the skin and deposited their eggs?

A) Skin biopsy
B) Skin scraping
C) Wood's light
D) Wood's biopsy

Question 74

Wounds that heal by regeneration result in what?

A) The wound is healed with the same tissue that was damaged and normal function is restored.
B) The wound is healed with scar tissue and normal function is not restored.
C) The wound is healed with the same tissue that was damaged and normal function is not restored.
D) The wound is healed with scar tissue and normal function is restored.

Question 75

Which type of skin cancer is the most common?

A) Basal cell carcinoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Malignant melanoma
D) Malignant carcinoma

Question 76

All of the following are signs of a second degree burn except which one?

A) Pain
B) Redness
C) Blisters
D) Charring

Question 77

Which diagnostic test may be performed to determine pigment changes in the skin?

A) Skin biopsy
B) Skin scraping
C) Wood's light
D) Wood's biopsy

Question 78

How can we determine the extent of a burn in relation to the body's surface area?

A) The rule of nines
B) The degree of the burn
C) The rule of eleven
D) The rule percentage

Question 79

Which statement incorrectly describes a change in skin as it ages?

A) The dermis gets thinner.
B) The skin sags and wrinkles.
C) Blood vessels are quicker to respond to temperature regulation.
D) The number of dermal sweat glands decreases.

Question 80

All of the following are signs of a first degree burn except which one?

A) Pain
B) Redness
C) Blisters
D) Swelling