Deck 19: Medicinal Plants

Question 1

William Withering successfully treated dropsy patients with leaves from

A)Digitalis purpureA.
B)Echinacea purpurea.
C)Salix alba.
D)Hydrastis Canadensis.
E)Artemisia annua.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is not a true statement about alkaloids?

A)they all contain nitrogen
B)they are usually basic
C)amygdalin is an alkaloid
D)their major effect is on the nervous system
E)some alkaloids are poisonous

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Certain Native American tribes used _______ to treat allergies and to perform ritual purifications.

A)Hydrastis canadensis
B)Hamamelis virginiana
C)Echinacea purpurea
D)Juniperus virginiana
E)Sanguinaria Canadensis

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of the Doctrine of Signatures?

A)a cure for watery,runny eyes is an eyewash made from onion
B)a hyper-diluted solution of snake venom can treat the effects of a snake bite
C)liverworts,which look like human livers,can treat psoriasis of the liver
D)to diagnose an illness,examine the liver of a sacrificed sheep
E)to heal a wound from a sword,apply a poultice to the sword that made the wound

Question 5

Which of the following families is not among those with significant amounts of alkaloids?

A)Solanaceae
B)Rosaceae
C)Fabaceae
D)Rubiaceae

Question 6

Which of the following is an effect of acetylsalicylic acid?

A)It relieves the symptoms of malariA.
B)It is useful in treating edema.
C)It can be used to treat liver damage.
D)It is effective in curing common headaches.
E)All of these are effects of salicylic acid.

Question 7

The release of _______ turns on systemic acquired resistance in plants.

A)reserpine
B)vinblastine
C)salicylic acid
D)taxol
E)camptothecin

Question 8

Daily use of aspirin has been shown to reduce the occurrence of

A)malariA.
B)heart attacks.
C)schizophrenia.
D)asthma.
E)all of thesE.

Question 9

The earliest known medical document prescribed _______ for pain relief.

A)mandrake
B)willow bark
C)silphium
D)bloodwort
E)nightshade

Question 10

All of the following pairs of terms are matched correctly except one.Choose the exception.

A)Coneflower - antidote for snakebites and cold remedy
B)Witch hazel - smoke remedy for headaches
C)Bloodroot - remedy for bronchitis and rheumatism
D)Golden seal - treatment for wounds and eye inflammations

Question 11

Which of the following is not a true statement about digitalis?

A)It increases the strength of each heartbeat.
B)It reduces kidney output.
C)A therapeutic dose in one patient could be toxic in another.
D)Arrhythmia can result from a toxic dose.
E)It is a diuretic.

Question 12

In the stomach what do prostaglandins do?

A)promote the secretion of mucus
B)enhance the production of hydrochloric acid
C)promote the absorption of aspirin by the stomach lining
D)increase stomach muscle contractions
E)prostaglandins do all of these

Question 13

Which of the following is a true statement about digitalis?

A)It is extracted from an herbaceous perennial.
B)The plant from which it is extracted is in the carnation family.
C)It is a cardioactive glycoside.
D)Its effect is to speed up the heart.
E)More than one of these statements is true about digitalis.

Question 14

Reye's syndrome is related to taking aspirin and

A)chicken pox.
B)malaria.
C)ovarian cancer.
D)edema.
E)schizophrenia.

Question 15

Which of the following compounds suppresses the activity of prostaglandins?

A)quinine
B)reserpine
C)acetylsalicylic acid
D)saponins
E)vincristine

Question 16

Which of the following is not a true statement about glycosides?

A)a sugar molecule is a part of their structure
B)some glycosides are used in the production of sex hormones
C)cyanide is the breakdown product of some glycosides
D)coffee contains toxic glycosides
E)some glycosides affect the cardiovascular system

Question 17

Daily use of aspirin has been shown to reduce the occurrence of

A)strokes.
B)cataracts.
C)blood clots.
D)pathogen attacks in plants
E)all of thesE.

Question 18

All of the following medicinal plants are matched correctly with the disease or condition they are used to treat except one.Choose the exception.

A)Cantharanthus roseus - acute childhood leukemia
B)Serenoa repens - benign prostate enlargement
C)Sanguinaria canadensis - bronchitis
D)Cinchona officinalis - malaria
E)Rauwolfia serpentine - ovarian cancer

Question 19

The blending of traditional herbal medicine and modern medicine is most prominent in _______ culture.

A)Chinese
B)Indian
C)Native American
D)Sub-Saharan African
E)Egyptian

Question 20

Aspirin has all of the following properties except it is not

A)antimalarial.
B)anti-inflammatory.
C)analgesiC.
D)antipyretic.

Question 21

The authoritative reference on medicinal plants for over 1500 years was De Materia Medica by:

A)Aristotle
B)Mendel
C)Pasteur
D)Dioscorides
E)Linneaus

Question 22

Quinine directly kills plasmodium

A)merozoites.
B)sporozoites.
C)gametocytes.
D)merozoites and sporozoites.
E)sporozoites and gametocytes.

Question 23

Alkaloids generally affect physiology by acting on the _____ system.

Question 24

Salicylic acid,which provided the basis for the development of aspirin,is believed to be a plant hormone which functions in ________.

Question 25

Compounds obtained from this plant has been used to make methamphetamine.

A)Echinacea purpureA.
B)Ephedra sinica.
C)Catharanthus roseus.
D)Taxus brevifolia.
E)Hypericum perforatum.

Question 26

Seeds and pits of many members of the rose family contain which type of glycoside?

A)cyanogenic
B)cardioactive
C)purgative
D)saponin

Question 27

One major threat to traditional medicine in the tropical rain forest is ______.

Question 28

Glycosides are characterized by a ____ group attached to the active component.

Question 29

Ancient Greek and Roman women used a plant called silphium as a _______.

Question 30

All alkaloids contain nitrogen,have a basic pH and a ______ taste.

Question 31

Which of the following medicinal plant extracts is a glycoside?

A)quinine
B)digitalis
C)morphine
D)codeine
E)cocaine

Question 32

All of the following compounds are matched correctly with the condition they are used to treat except one.Choose the exception.

A)taxol - ovarian cancer
B)vincristine - Hodgkin's disease
C)ephedrine - asthma
D)artemisinin - malaria
E)there are no exceptions - all of these are matched correctly

Question 33

A text of plant descriptions,medical uses,and collection methods is known as a(n)____.

Question 34

For which of these plants has their treatment effectiveness been called into question because of recent research?

A)St.John's Wort
B)purple coneflower
C)Ginkgo biloba
D)saw palmetto
E)all of these

Question 35

Digitoxin has uses both as a treatment for glaucoma and as an antidote to the side effects of chemotherapy.

Question 36

Plasmodium merozoites multiply in the

A)liver.
B)lymph nodes.
C)lungs.
D)red blood cells.
E)endothelial cells.

Question 37

Approximately ______ percent of all medicines used in the United States today are still plant based.

Question 38

To treat a burn,you can use the cut leaves of

A)Echinacea purpureA.
B)Ephedra sinica.
C)Aloe vera.
D)Rauwolfia serpentina.
E)more than one of these plants.

Question 39

Plasmodium gametocytes form in the

A)liver.
B)lymph nodes.
C)lungs.
D)red blood cells.
E)endothelial cells.

Question 40

______ is a plant that is the source of compounds that are effective decongestants as well as central nervous system stimulants.

Question 41

Aloin is the poison used in blow darts and as an effective muscle relaxant during surgery.

Question 42

Ethnobotanists work with indigenous peoples to learn traditional medical practices and their plant sources.

Question 43

The active principals in most medicinal plants are classified as secondary plant products.

Question 44

Saw palmetto inhibits alpha reductase,which converts testosterone into DHT.

Question 45

Hippocrates' "De Materia Medica" was the standard medical textbook in the 1700s.

Question 46

Two countries in which herbal medicine still plays an extensive role are China and India.