Deck 9: A--Intelligence

Question 1

The Stanford-Binet is now considered the only test entirely free of cultural influence.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Psychologists now agree that the Progressive Matrices test is entirely free of cultural influence.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Wechsler Intelligence Scales for children (WISC-IV) provide scores in four major categories.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The reliability of a test is defined as the repeatability of its scores.

Question 5

I administer an intelligence test and find that left-handed people score higher than right-handed people. Researchers should conclude that this test is biased against right-handed people.

Question 6

A question on a math test contains a diagram of an American football field. If this question is among the easiest for men to answer and among the hardest for women to answer, we can conclude that this test question is biased.

Question 7

A five-year-old who has a Stanford-Binet IQ score of 116 is more intelligent than an eight-year-old who also scores 116.

Question 8

Contemporary intelligence researchers such as Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg have proposed theories claiming there are many different kinds of intelligence.

Question 9

Studies of impoverished families find less evidence for genetic influences on intelligence than do studies of middle-class families.

Question 10

The goal of the first intelligence tests was to identify the LEAST capable children, those who could not learn from ordinary schooling.

Question 11

On average, people with high IQ scores have fewer car accidents than people with low IQ scores.

Question 12

Psychologists now agree that Spearman's g is best explained as the single ability of mental speed.

Question 13

On average, the IQ scores of fraternal twins correlate with each other more highly than do the IQ scores of identical twins.

Question 14

A psychologist needs to measure the intelligence of a person who has recently immigrated to the United States and who does not speak English. The psychologist should administer the Progressive Matrices test rather than the Stanford-Binet.

Question 15

Intelligence quotient (IQ) tests attempt to measure an individual's probable performance in school and similar settings.

Question 16

The finding that tests of intelligence (as well as other kinds of cognitive tests) are positively correlated with one another is consistent with Spearman's concept of g.

Question 17

Standard IQ tests attempt to measure crystallized intelligence.

Question 18

If a test has poor reliability, it will also have poor validity.

Question 19

Psychologists have identified the cause of the Flynn effect.

Question 20

Psychologists first developed the theory of intelligence, and then they began to develop the original tests of intelligence.

Question 21

For someone to be classified as intellectually gifted, they must score at least ____________________standard deviation(s) above the mean score on an IQ test.

Question 22

According to Raymond Cattell, the "g" factor in intelligence has two major components, ____________________ and ____________________.
or

Question 23

Sternberg has developed a newer distinction among types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and ____________________.

Question 24

By developing tests of creative and practical intelligence, Sternberg is attempting to develop intelligence tests that are better predictors of ____________________ than standard IQ tests.

Question 25

Raven's Progressive Matrices test is designed to reduce the influence of ____________________ on test scores.

Question 26

The process of establishing rules for administering a test and for interpreting its scores is known as ____________________.

Question 27

To get separate scores on a number of separate abilities, use the ____________________ IQ test. To measure abilities more fairly in people who do not speak English, use the ____________________ test.

Question 28

The reliability of a psychological test is practically the same thing as its ____________________.

Question 29

____________________ is a possible explanation for the Flynn effect.

Question 30

The WISC-IV is a test of ____________________ developed for ____________________.

Question 31

The ____________________ is the phenomenon that raw scores on IQ tests have been increasing from decade to decade.

Question 32

The early IQ tests developed in France were modified for English speakers and became the first important IQ test in the English language. This new version was the ____________________.

Question 33

Irving has answered 92 questions correctly on a newly devised IQ test. To decide whether this score is above average or below average, psychologists must determine the ____________________ of the test.

Question 34

Six-year olds who were randomly assigned to music lessons showed a gain of 10 to 20 IQ points, on the average, compared to other children.

Question 35

Someone who has learned a great deal of specific information and who has acquired many specialized skills can be said to have a great deal of ____________________ intelligence.

Question 36

In developing new tests for practical and creative intelligence, Sternberg has attempted to account for ____________________ differences.

Question 37

Since the early days of IQ tests, psychologists have periodically rewritten the tests. Their revisions have intentionally made the tests more ____________________ than they used to be.

Question 38

The British scholar who was the first to argue that a tendency toward high intelligence is hereditary was ____________________.

Question 39

Robert Sternberg's theory regarding how a person processes information is called a ____________________ theory.

Question 40

Sternberg has identified three types of intelligence: practical, creative, and ____________________.

Question 41

One of the reasons that test makers have to repeatedly restandardize IQ tests is due to the Flynn effect. Describe the Flynn effect. What do test makers have to do with test questions to address the Flynn effect? Given the restandardizing that test-makers have to do, what would you expect to happen to your IQ test if you took the test now and again in 25 years?

Question 42

Identical twins typically are ____________________ similar in intelligence than fraternal twins, fraternal twins typically are ____________________ similar in intelligence than single birth siblings.

Question 43

Intelligence quotient (IQ) tests are used to measure an individual's probable performance in school and similar settings. Name the two most widely-used adult intelligence tests and explain the principle of adaptive testing.

Question 44

When psychologists want to evaluate the accuracy or fairness of a test, they examine specific kinds of evidence. The main ways of evaluating any test are to check its reliability and validity. Define reliability and validity. Can a test have high reliability and low validity or vice versa?

Question 45

There are four theories of intelligence presented in your text. Select two of the four theories and name the theory, the theorist, and the key idea associated with the theory.

Question 46

In addition to being reliable and valid, any test should also be unbiased-that is, equally fair for all groups. A biased test overstates or understates the true performance of one or more groups. Stereotype threat is one type of influence that may bias a test. Define stereotype threat and describe the findings from Claude Steele's classic study on stereotype threat.