Deck 8: Medication for Mental Disorders

Question 1

People taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression must avoid

A)exposure to strong sunlight.
B)foods high in tyramine,such as aged cheeses.
C)strenuous exercise.
D)grapefruit juice.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A patient presents with these symptoms: irrational beliefs,incoherent speech,and a severe lack of emotional response.He has had these symptoms for over 9 months and they interfere with his social function.He would most likely be diagnosed with _______ and treated with __________.

A)schizophrenia,aripiprazole
B)schizophrenia,paroxetine
C)bipolar disorder,lithium
D)bipolar disorder,amphetamine

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The antipsychotic drugs that have been marketed in the past ten years,such as Zyprexa (olanzapine),are referred to as

A)conventional antipsychotics.
B)nouveau antipsychotics.
C)atypical antipsychotics.
D)postmodern antipsychotics.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Current theories of the antidepressant action of drugs focus less on the initial biochemical effects of the drugs and more on the

A)patient's personality.
B)levels of brain serotonin.
C)electrical potential of the membrane.
D)delayed reaction of the neurons to repeated drug exposure.

Question 5

The FDA now requires a printed warning on several selective reuptake inhibitors because they increase the risk of

A)suicide in children and adolescents.
B)liver disorder in elderly patients.
C)psychotic episodes.
D)seizures.

Question 6

version of the American Psychiatric Association's classification system for mental disorders is called the

A)Physician's Desk Reference (PDR).
B)Merck Manual.
C)DSM-IV-TR.
D)Treatment Guide.

Question 7

Prozac was one of the early

A)tricyclic antidepressants.
B)MAO inhibitors.
C)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
D)anti-manic drugs.

Question 8

Both depressed and manic symptoms appear in the general classification of

A)schizophrenia.
B)mood disorders.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)psychosis.

Question 9

Many of the new atypical antipsychotics are known to cause

A)liver disorders.
B)manic episodes.
C)significant weight gain and metabolic changes.
D)very few side effects.

Question 10

The perspective that symptoms of a mental disorder lead to a diagnosis that illuminates both the underlying cause and a cure for the disorder is referred to in the text as the

A)medical model.
B)double-blind design.
C)logical approach.
D)inclusion criteria.

Question 11

Although electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)was first used to treat schizophrenia,it is now used primarily to treat

A)other forms of psychosis.
B)anxiety.
C)personality disorders.
D)severe depression.

Question 12

What is the mechanism of action for typical antipsychotics?

A)block serotonin reuptake.
B)stimulate acetylcholine receptors.
C)increase brain levels of norepinephrine.
D)block D2 dopamine receptors.

Question 13

What is the average lag period for antidepressants to begin to be effective?

A)1 day
B)2 weeks
C)4 weeks
D)6 weeks

Question 14

The fastest,and probably the most effective,treatment for severe cases of depression is

A)imipramine (Tofranil).
B)paroxetine (Paxil).
C)electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
D)psychotherapy.

Question 15

Bipolar disorder refers to

A)panic attacks.
B)agoraphobia.
C)posttraumatic stress disorder.
D)alternating periods of mania and depression.

Question 16

A major disturbance of intellectual and social functioning in which there is a loss of contact with reality is called

A)anxiety disorder.
B)phobia.
C)depression.
D)psychosis.

Question 17

Phenothiazines and neuroleptics were terms used to describe the early forms of

A)antipsychotics.
B)shock therapy.
C)antidepressants.
D)anticonvulsants.

Question 18

Tricyclic antidepressants work by

A)blocking acetylcholine receptors.
B)blocking D2 dopamine receptors
C)inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine,dopamine,and serotonin.
D)inhibiting metabolism of GABA.

Question 19

A recent study of the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs found that

A)atypicals are much more effective than the conventional drugs.
B)these drugs are very effective for over 90 percent of schizophrenic patients.
C)there is tolerance to the beneficial effects and doses must be increased after six weeks.
D)three-fourths of the patients stopped taking their medication within 18 months.

Question 20

One side effect common with the older antipsychotics,but less common with the newer ones,is

A)pseudoparkinsonism.
B)positive symptoms.
C)a lag period.
D)MAO inhibition.

Question 21

Explain the danger associated with monoamine oxidase (MAO)inhibitors.

Question 22

Explain the arguments for and against prescriptive licensing for psychologists.

Question 23

Tricyclics treat depressive symptoms by

A)decreasing monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse by inhibiting metabolism.
B)increasing monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse by inhibiting metabolism.
C)decreasing monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse by blocking reuptake.
D)increasing monoamine neurotransmitters in the synapse by blocking reuptake.

Question 24

One of the symptoms of a major depressive episode is decreased or increased appetite.

Question 25

Distinguish between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Question 26

The first antipsychotic drugs were the phenothiazines,introduced in the 1950s.

Question 27

The mood disorders include specific phobia.

Question 28

One indirect consequence of effective drug treatment for serious mental disorders is that more mentally ill people are now in jail or prison than in mental hospitals.

Question 29

Modern antidepressants cure depression by treating the known underlying biological cause of the disorder.

Question 30

The introduction of chlorpromazine in the U.S.in 1955 marked the last year in which

A)the rate of imprisonment declined.
B)the major pharmaceutical companies reported net losses.
C)the population of mental hospitals increased.
D)schizophrenia was a major cause of suicide.

Question 31

All selective reuptake inhibitors work primarily by blocking serotonin reuptake.

Question 32

The acceptance of the mood stabilizer _____________ was slowed by a series of overdose poisonings and by the fact that the drug is one of the basic elements and could not be patented.

A)lithium
B)valproic acid
C)carbamazepine
D)lamotrigine

Question 33

Discuss the three factors that slowed the acceptance of lithium in the U.S.

Question 34

A chronic psychotic condition with no known physical cause is likely to be diagnosed as schizophrenia.

Question 35

In the early part of the 20th century,a cure was found for a syphilitic infection that caused a psychosis called

A)schizophrenia
B)specific phobia
C)general paresis
D)phenothiazine

Question 36

Lithium was the first effective mood stabilizer.

Question 37

The latest evidence on the effectiveness of antidepressants is that they are only slightly better than placebos.

Question 38

Each year,more mentally ill persons are _______ than are admitted to state mental hospitals.

A)killed
B)jailed
C)sued
D)treated for agranulocytosis

Question 39

The MAO inhibitors are considered to be atypical antipsychotics.