Deck 32: Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

Question 1

What would you find in the heart of an amphibian?

A)one atrium and one ventricle
B)two atria and one ventricle
C)one atrium and two ventricles
D)two atria and two ventricles
E)two atria and a partially divided ventricle

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which organism has hemoglobin located in the fluid portion of the blood,giving it a red appearance?

A)human
B)grasshopper
C)bird
D)earthworm
E)flatworm

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following has a four-chambered heart like humans?

A)birds
B)some reptiles
C)amphibians
D)All of the choices are correct.
E)Birds and some reptiles.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

What would you find in the heart of most reptiles?

A)one atrium and one ventricle
B)two atria and one ventricle
C)one atrium and two ventricles
D)two atria and two ventricles
E)two atria and a partially divided ventricle

Question 5

What would you find in the heart of a human?

A)one atrium and one ventricle
B)two atria and one ventricle
C)one atrium and two ventricles
D)two atria and two ventricles
E)two atria and a partially divided ventricle

Question 6

Which of the following organisms will contain hemolymph as the fluid of their circulatory system?

A)grasshopper
B)sea star
C)molluscs
D)All of the above have hemolymph

Question 7

As the heart contracts it forces the blood out with a great deal of force.Damage to which blood vessel will result in a forceful spraying of blood?

A)artery
B)vein
C)capillary
D)arteriole
E)Damage to any of the blood vessels will result in a forceful spray of blood.

Question 8

The vessels in our circulatory system that allow molecules to diffuse across to tissues are

A)arteries.
B)veins.
C)capillaries.
D)lymph vessels.
E)venules.

Question 9

When you step on a cockroach or smash a fly,the blood appears colorless because

A)the blood is enclosed in a closed circulatory system.
B)the blood is actually a colorless hemolymph that carries oxygen on molecules other than reddish hemoglobin.
C)there are no cells in the hemolymph.
D)it does not contain hemoglobin or any other respiratory pigment.

Question 10

Which would you find in the heart of a fish?

A)one atrium and one ventricle
B)two atria and one ventricle
C)one atrium and two ventricles
D)two atria and two ventricles
E)two atria and a partially divided ventricle

Question 11

Which structure does blood pass through immediately before entering the right atrium?

A)vena cava
B)aorta
C)atrioventricular valve
D)semilunar valve
E)left atrium

Question 12

After leaving our left ventricle,blood next passes through the

A)vena cava.
B)aorta.
C)atrioventricular valve.
D)semilunar valve.
E)left atrium.

Question 13

What is the main difference between an open circulatory system and a closed one?

A)An open system will have the blood leave the blood vessels and dump into the hemocoel while the closed one will retain the blood within the system.
B)An open system will keep the blood within the blood vessels while the closed one will dump the blood into the hemocoel.
C)An open system will have the blood leave the blood vessels and dump into the lungs or gills while the closed one will retain the blood within the system.
D)An open system will have the blood leave the blood vessels and dump into the lungs or gills while the closed one will retain the blood within the heomocoel.
E)The blood within a closed circulatory system does not contain hemoglobin.

Question 14

Which of these white blood cells are phagocytic?

A)lymphocytes
B)neutrophils
C)macrophages
D)both neutrophils and macrophages
E)both lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 15

Which of the following features are found in invertebrates that enable them to exchange nutrients and gases without the use of a circulatory system?

A)trilobed gastrovascular cavity
B)coelomic fluid within the body cavity
C)exposure of the cells to the external or internal environment
D)All of these features enable invertebrates to exchange gases and nutrients without a circulatory system.

Question 16

Cnidaria and flatworms exchange gases and remove wastes by way of their

A)open circulatory systems.
B)closed circulatory systems.
C)gastrovascular cavities.
D)moist skin surfaces.
E)respiratory and excretory systems.

Question 17

Which structure does blood pass through immediately before it enters the left ventricle?

A)vena cava
B)aorta
C)atrioventricular valve
D)semilunar valve
E)left atrium

Question 18

What would cause you to believe that someone has a heart murmur?

A)an irregular ECG
B)irregular heart sounds instead of sharp lub-dub sounds
C)irregular heart beats
D)low blood pressure

Question 19

A heart murmur is a distortion of the heartbeat due to blood flowing back through a valve that should be closed.If the heart sound is lub-dub-ssshhh,the most likely cause is a failure of the

A)atrioventricular valves.
B)semilunar valves.
C)mitral (bicuspid)valve.
D)AV node to signal contraction.
E)sinoatrial node to signal contraction.

Question 20

"Artery" and "vein" are defined by whether they leave or enter the heart.If they were defined by whether they carried oxygenated or deoxygenated blood,we would have to change the name(s)of

A)the hepatic portal vein to a hepatic portal artery.
B)the hepatic and renal systems; they would have to be switched.
C)the pulmonary artery and vein; they would have to be switched.
D)the coronary artery and vein; they would have to be switched.
E)none,since the aorta and vena cava do not have "artery" and "vein" in their name.

Question 21

The structure that absorbs nutrients from the small intestines and delivers the nutrients in the blood to the liver is the

A)hepatic portal artery.
B)hepatic portal vein.
C)renal vein.
D)None of the choices are correct.

Question 22

Which kind of white blood cell is involved in the production of antibodies?

A)neutrophils
B)B lymphocytes
C)monocytes
D)eosinophils
E)macrophage

Question 23

The hemocoel is an open space in an insect that contains blood outside of the vessels.

Question 24

The circulatory system is the only way by which an animal can supply oxygen and nutrients to its cells,or remove waste materials from the cells.

Question 25

Identify the correct pathway of blood flow through a two circuit pathway.

A)ventricle - systemic circuit - right atrium ventricle - pulmonary circuit - left atrium
B)right atrium - ventricle - systemic circuit left atrium - ventricle - pulmonary circuit
C)ventricle - gill capillaries - aorta - systemic circuit - atrium
D)right atrium - systemic circuit - ventricle left atrium - pulmonary circuit - ventricle
E)ventricle - systemic circuit - left atrium ventricle - pulmonary circuit - right atrium

Question 26

All capillary beds have blood running to them at all times.

Question 27

Describe the events that occur in the clotting of blood by choosing the correct sequence of statements that outlines the process. 1.Platelets and injured tissue release prothrombin activator.
2)The activated fragments join end-to-end,forming long threads.
3)Platelets clump at the sight of puncture and partially seal the leak.
4)Fibrin threads wind around the platelet plug in the damaged area and provide a framework for the clot.
5)Thrombin,acting as an enzyme,severs two amino acid chains (activated fragments)from each fibrinogen molecule.
6)Prothrombin activator converts prothrombin to thrombin.
7)Red blood cells are trapped within the fibrin framework forming a clot.

A)Sequence: 7,4,5,2,3,1,6
B)Sequence: 3,1,6,5,2,4,7
C)Sequence: 4,5,6,7,3,2,1
D)Sequence: 1,2,6,7,4,3,5

Question 28

The pacemaker of the cardiac conduction system is the

A)atrioventricular node.
B)sinoatrial node.
C)medulla oblongata.
D)Purkinje fibers.

Question 29

Identify the correct flow of blood through a one-circuit system.

A)ventricle - gill capillaries - systemic capillaries - sinus venosus - atrium
B)ventricle - systemic capillaries - gill capillaries - sinus venosus - atrium
C)ventricle - gill capillaries - systemic capillaries - atrium - sinus venosus
D)ventricle - pulmonary capillaries - atrium - aorta - systemic capillaries

Question 30

Which of the following cardiovascular diseases is caused by a narrowing of the arteries causing the heart to work harder when pumping?

A)hypertension
B)stroke
C)heart attack
D)All of the above are due to a narrowing of the arteries.

Question 31

A person who is B positive will have

A)A antigens,antibodies to B,and Rh antigens.
B)B antibodies,antibodies to A,and Rh antigens.
C)B antigens,antibodies to A,and no Rh antigens.
D)B antigens,antibodies to A,and Rh antigens.
E)B antigens,antibodies to B,and Rh antigens.

Question 32

Major cardiovascular disorders include all of the following EXCEPT

A)atherosclerosis.
B)stroke.
C)hypertension.
D)diabetes.

Question 33

Veins primarily depend upon which of the following forces to return blood to the heart?

A)force of blood entering from the arteries
B)skeletal muscle contraction
C)valves to prevent blood back flow
D)All of the choices apply.

Question 34

Which statement is NOT true about red blood cells?

A)They are biconcave disks that lack nuclei when mature.
B)Their normal life span is about 120 days.
C)Hemoglobin is a protein that binds oxygen loosely to transport it.
D)There are about 6 million red blood cells per cubic millimeter of whole blood.
E)They are mainly produced in the liver.

Question 35

The leading cause of preventable death in the United States is cardiovascular disease.Which of the following are lifestyle modifications that would lower a person's risk of CVD?

A)not smoking
B)lose weight
C)lower fat intake
D)All of the choices are means of lowering risk for CVD.

Question 36

Which group of vertebrates will lack a pulmonary circuit?

A)fish
B)frogs
C)birds
D)annelids
E)mammals

Question 37

Which type of blood component is involved in the initiation of clotting?

A)red blood cells
B)white blood cells
C)plasma proteins
D)platelets

Question 38

The human heart is composed of

A)muscle fibers called myocardium.
B)an outer membranous sac called the pericardium.
C)endocardium.
D)All of the choices are correct.
E)smooth muscle fibers.

Question 39

The coronary arteries are important because they serve the

A)intestine and liver.
B)brain.
C)lungs.
D)heart.
E)urinary tract.

Question 40

What two forces control the movement of fluid through the capillary wall?

A)the thickness of the capillary wall and the number of cilia
B)blood pressure and osmotic pressure
C)the oxygen and nitrogen concentration
D)the number of veins and arteries

Question 41

Open circulatory systems are characterized by the presence of hemolymph as seen in annelids.

Question 42

During capillary exchange,what will occur if the blood pressure at the arterial end were to decrease and become lower than the osmotic pressure?

A)Water would not leave the blood stream which could disrupt the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the membrane.
B)Water will leave the blood stream allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse out of the blood stream.
C)Oxygen and carbon dioxide will increase their rate of diffusion into the interstitial fluid.
D)Nothing will occur because the blood pressure does not impact the movement of gases.

Question 43

What is the main difference between blood and hemolymph?

A)Blood is always contained within the blood vessels while lymph fills the body cavity.
B)Hemolymph is always contained within the blood vessels while blood fills the body cavity.
C)Hemolymph is never carried in blood vessels.
D)Blood will transport oxygen and nutrients while lymph will only transport oxygen.

Question 44

Which valve is responsible for preventing the backflow of blood into the right ventricle?

A)Pulmonary semilunar
B)Aortic valve
C)Tricuspid
D)Bicuspid
E)Mitral

Question 45

Identify the correct sequence of events for the formation of a blood clot.

A)a - e - d - b - f - c
B)e - d - b - f - c - a
C)a- b - f - c - e - d
D)f - c - d - a - e - b

Question 46

The SA node receives the initial electrical impulse that will trigger the atrial fibers to contract.

Question 47

Sphincter muscles regulate the opening and closing of the capillary beds,directing the flow of blood to different areas of the body depending on the body's needs.

Question 48

Platelets will release prothrombin activator at the site of an injury to initiate the clotting sequence.

Question 49

What is the correct order of blood flow through the cardiovascular system?

A)Heart - artery - arterioles - capillaries - venules - veins
B)Heart - arterioles - artery - capillary - venules - veins
C)Heart - artery - arterioles - capillaries - veins - venules
D)Capillaries - venules - veins - heart - arterioles - artery
E)Capillaries - arterioles - artery - heart - venules - veins

Question 50

Which of the following features enable organisms like planarian to respire and exchange nutrients?

A)a trilobed gastrovascular cavity
B)closed circulatory system
C)an open circulatory system
D)coelomic fluid

Question 51

Which description best fits that of an open circulatory system?

A)The heart pumps hemolymph into tissue spaces that are enlarged into saclike sinuses.
B)The heart pumps blood across gills and then into tissue spaces that are enlarged into saclike sinuses.
C)Gases diffuse across a cutaneous membrane and then move into tissue spaces that are enlarged into saclike sinuses.
D)The heart pumps hemolymph into tissue spaces that route the fluid across the gills for gas exchange.