Deck 11: Blood

Question 1

The primary hemopoietic tissue is the:

A)yellow bone marrow
B)red bone marrow
C)lymphatic tissue
D)All of the above are equally important.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements are true of the life cycle of RBCs (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements)?

A)All RBCs are produced in the RBM and the liver.
B)Vitamin B₁₂ and folic acid are necessary for DNA synthesis in mature RBCs.
C)Iron and protein in the diet are necessary to become part of hemoglobin.
D)The intrinsic factor,produced by the liver,prevents digestion of vitamin B₁₂.
E)The only part of old RBCs that can be recycled is the iron.
F)Old RBCs are phagocytized by lymphocytes in the liver,spleen,and RBM.
G)Bilirubin is a waste product of the heme of old hemoglobin.
H)Bilirubin is normally eliminated by the kidneys.

Answer 2

C,G

Question 3

Which of the following statements are true of blood plasma? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Blood plasma is approximately 60% water.
B)Plasma is a solvent for some nutrients and waste products.
C)The plasma protein albumin is important for blood clotting.
D)Plasma is able to distribute body heat because it has a low heat capacity.
E)Plasma contains buffer systems that help regulate blood p
H)
F)The alpha- and beta-globulins are carbohydrate carrier molecules in the plasma.

Answer 3

B,E

Question 4

Which of the following statements are true of white blood cells (WBCs)? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)The most numerous WBCs are the lymphocytes.
B)Monocytes become macrophages that are capable of phagocytosis.
C)Eosinophils increase during allergic reactions.
D)Basophils contribute to the process of inflammation.
E)The most numerous phagocytes are the neutrophils.
F)B lymphocytes phagocytize small pathogens.
G)T lymphocytes become plasma cells that produce antibodies.
H)The relative percentages of the various kinds of WBCs is called a comparative count.

Question 5

Which of the following statements are true of blood disorders? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Thrombocytopenia is a deficiency of platelets and may lead to bleeding episodes.
B)Leukemia is an excess of WBCs,but the WBCs are not functional.
C)Anemia is a deficiency of RBCs or of hemoglobin.
D)A deficiency of WBCs is leukocytosis.

Question 6

Which of these is NOT a plasma protein?

A)hemoglobin
B)albumin
C)prothrombin
D)antibodies

Question 7

A hemocytoblast is another name for a:

A)stem cell
B)red blood cell with a nucleus
C)cell that fragments into platelets
D)white blood cell

Question 8

Which of the following statements are true of hemopoietic tissues? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)The primary hemopoietic tissue is red bone marrow (RBM).
B)RBM is found in flat and irregular bones.
C)Some lymphocytes are produced in lymphatic tissue.
D)RBM produces all of the blood cells except the monocytes.
E)Platelets are fragments of larger RBM cells called reticulocytes.
F)A stem cell in the RBM is unspecialized and may become one of several kinds of cells.

Question 9

Which of the following statements are true of red blood cell types? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Rh-negative RBCs do not have the D antigen.
B)The ABO blood group has three specific types.
C)A type O person has both A and B antibodies on the RBCs.
D)A type B person cannot donate blood to a type O person.
E)A type A negative person can donate blood to a type B positive person.
F)The most common blood type in a population is often O positive,because the genes for it are dominant.

Question 10

The transport of waste products by the blood plasma depends on the:

A)lubricant action of water
B)solvent action of water
C)heat capacity of water
D)bonding action of water

Question 11

The plasma protein albumin is produced by the ____ and contributes to the maintenance of normal ____.

A)red bone marrow/immunity
B)liver/oxygen transport
C)red bone marrow/blood pressure
D)liver/blood volume

Question 12

Red bone marrow is found in ____ and produces ____.

A)long bones/RBCs and platelets
B)flat bones/RBCs and platelets
C)flat bones/RBCs,WBCs,and platelets
D)long bones/RBCs and WBCs

Question 13

The presence of albumin in blood plasma is important to:

A)promote blood clotting when needed
B)carry carbon dioxide
C)pull tissue fluid into capillaries to maintain blood pressure
D)transport oxygen to tissues

Question 14

The precursor cell for all the types of blood cells is the:

A)stem cell
B)normoblast
C)megakaryocyte
D)reticulocyte

Question 15

Which of the following statements are true of red blood cells (RBCs)? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)The protein hemoglobin contains the mineral iron.
B)The mineral iron enables RBCs to carry oxygen.
C)RBCs pick up oxygen in pulmonary capillaries.
D)The shape of an RBC is best described as a deflated soccer ball.
E)Hemoglobin that has given up its oxygen is called debonded hemoglobin.
F)The life span of an RBC is about 60 days.

Question 16

Which of these is NOT transported by blood plasma?

A)clotting factors
B)nutrients
C)hormones
D)oxygen

Question 17

Which of the following statements are true of complete blood count (CBC)values? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)An RBC count of 4 million/µL is in the normal range.
B)A WBC count of 9500/µL is considered high normal.
C)A platelet count of 100,000/µL is considered low normal.
D)A hematocrit of 40% is within the normal range.
E)A hemoglobin level of 17 grams/100 mL is considered high normal.
F)An RBC count of 6 million/µL is considered high normal.

Question 18

Which of the following statements are true of chemical blood clotting? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Many of the clotting factors are produced by the liver,but some are produced by the spleen.
B)Fibrinogen is changed to fibrin in stage 1 of clotting.
C)Calcium ions are needed for all three stages of clotting.
D)Prothrombin activator changes thrombin to prothrombin.
E)The actual clot is made of fibrin.
F)The purpose of clot retraction is to create a smaller area to be repaired.
G)The purpose of fibrinolysis is to strengthen a newly formed clot.
H)The endothelium of blood vessels is smooth and helps prevent abnormal clottin
G)

Question 19

Which of the following statements are true of blood viscosity and pH? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Plasma proteins decrease blood viscosity,so blood flows smoothly.
B)The normal pH range of blood is 7.35 to 7.45.
C)Blood viscosity contributes to normal blood pressure.
D)Oxygen has a greater effect on blood pH than does carbon dioxide.

Question 20

Which of the following statements are true of hemostasis? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)

A)Platelets will stick to any rough surface.
B)The greater the damage,the faster chemical clotting will begin.
C)Platelet plugs are not useful in capillaries.
D)Vascular spasm is not possible in capillaries because they do not have endothelium.
E)Vascular spasm constricts a damaged artery and makes the break smaller.
F)When a large vessel ruptures,vascular spasm must occur before chemical clotting can be useful.

Question 21

Which of these cells is NOT produced in red bone marrow?

A)RBCs
B)WBCs
C)platelets
D)All of these cells are produced in red bone marrow.

Question 22

An immature neutrophil is called a ____,and an immature RBC is called a ____.

A)band cell/reticulocyte
B)mast cell/nucleoblast
C)band cell/nucleoblast
D)granular cell/normocyte

Question 23

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 24

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 25

The laboratory test for hemoglobin is a measurement in ____,and a normal range is ____.

A)grams/12-18
B)cells/38-48
C)grams/38-48
D)cells/12-18

Question 26

A hematocrit is a laboratory test that is a measure of:

A)an RBC count
B)a WBC count
C)the types of WBCs present
D)the percent of RBCs in the blood

Question 27

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 28

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 29

A stimulus for RBC production is:

A)increased carbon dioxide in the blood
B)increased oxygen in the blood
C)increased iron in the blood,which the liver cannot store
D)erythropoietin produced by the kidneys

Question 30

Which statement is NOT true of the hemopoietic tissues?

A)Red bone marrow is found in flat and irregular bones.
B)Lymphatic tissue produces all of the types of WBCs.
C)Red bone marrow produces all of the types of blood cells.
D)Lymphatic tissue is found in the spleen and lymph nodes.

Question 31

The test that measures the percent of RBCs in the blood is called:

A)a differential
B)a red blood cell count
C)a hemoglobin determination
D)a hematocrit

Question 32

The function of RBCs is to carry:

A)carbon dioxide bonded to the copper in hemoglobin
B)oxygen bonded to the iron in albumin
C)carbon dioxide bonded to the iron in albumin
D)oxygen bonded to the iron in hemoglobin.

Question 33

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 34

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 35

Erythropoietin increases the production of:

A)all blood cells
B)platelets and RBCs only
C)WBCs only
D)RBCs only

Question 36

Oxygen is carried in the blood by:

A)stem cells
B)RBCs
C)blood plasma
D)WBCs

Question 37

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 38

The mineral in hemoglobin that bonds to oxygen is:

A)sodium
B)copper
C)iron
D)calcium

Question 39

A patient has the following CBC values: Which of the following would you expect in this patient?

A)anemia
B)an infection
C)bruising and bleeding
D)None of these; all values are within normal limits.

Question 40

Which of these organs is NOT made of lymphatic tissue?

A)lymph nodes
B)thymus gland
C)spleen
D)liver

Question 41

Which statement is NOT true of the nutrients necessary for the formation of RBCs?

A)Protein is needed to become part of hemoglobin.
B)The extrinsic factor,vitamin B₁₂,is needed for hemoglobin synthesis.
C)Iron is needed to become part of hemoglobin.
D)The stomach lining produces the intrinsic factor to prevent digestion of vitamin B₁₂.

Question 42

When old RBCs are destroyed,the globin portion is:

A)excreted by the liver into bile
B)used to make new lipids for cell membranes
C)stored in the red bone marrow
D)used to make new proteins

Question 43

When old RBCs are destroyed,the iron may be stored by the:

A)liver
B)red bone marrow
C)spleen
D)lymph nodes

Question 44

In the process of RBC formation,the extrinsic factor is ____,and the intrinsic factor is produced by the ____.

A)vitamin B₁₂/stomach lining
B)vitamin C/liver
C)vitamin B₁₂/liver
D)vitamin C/stomach lining

Question 45

Folic acid is necessary for RBC production for the synthesis of:

A)hemoglobin in erythrocytes
B)hemoglobin in stem cells
C)DNA in erythrocytes
D)DNA in stem cells

Question 46

Which statement is NOT true of RBCs?

A)They are formed in red bone marrow.
B)The last stage with a nucleus is called a nucleocyte.
C)A small number of circulating reticulocytes is considered normal.
D)The precursor cells are called stem cells.

Question 47

When old RBCs are destroyed,the iron may be used for the synthesis of new hemoglobin by the:

A)lymph nodes
B)red bone marrow
C)liver
D)spleen

Question 48

Which statement is NOT true of RBCs?

A)The normoblast stage is usually found in the red bone marrow.
B)Their life span is about 120 days.
C)They carry oxygen bonded to the lipid hemoglobin.
D)A reticulocyte has lost its nucleus.

Question 49

The ABO blood types are named for:

A)the antigens in the person's plasma
B)the antigens on the person's RBCs
C)the antibodies in the person's plasma
D)the antibodies on the person's RBCs

Question 50

Bilirubin is excreted by the ____ into bile,to be eliminated in ____.

A)kidneys/urine
B)liver/urine
C)kidneys/feces
D)liver/feces

Question 51

Erythropoietin is secreted when:

A)carbon dioxide in the blood decreases
B)oxygen in the blood decreases
C)iron in the blood decreases
D)oxygen in the blood increases

Question 52

Bilirubin is formed from the:

A)iron of old RBCs
B)cell membranes of old RBCs
C)hemoglobin of old RBCs
D)nuclei of old RBCs

Question 53

Two nutrients necessary to become part of hemoglobin are ____ and ____.

A)iron/protein
B)copper/protein
C)iron/vitamin B₁₂
D)copper/vitamin B₁₂

Question 54

Which statement is NOT true of the destruction of old RBCs?

A)The liver excretes bilirubin into the blood to be eliminated in urine.
B)RBCs are destroyed after their usual life span of 120 days.
C)The liver,spleen,and red bone marrow all have macrophages to destroy old RBCs.
D)The iron may be used again to make hemoglobin in the red bone marrow.

Question 55

The intrinsic factor is necessary for RBC formation because it:

A)becomes part of hemoglobin
B)is needed to make hemoglobin
C)prevents absorption of vitamin B₁₂
D)prevents digestion of vitamin B₁₂

Question 56

Old RBCs are phagocytized by macrophages in all of these organs except the:

A)red bone marrow
B)liver
C)spleen
D)lymph nodes

Question 57

The life span of RBCs is approximately:

A)12 days
B)12 weeks
C)120 days
D)120 weeks

Question 58

Vitamin B₁₂ is necessary for RBC formation for the synthesis of:

A)hemoglobin in erythrocytes
B)hemoglobin in stem cells
C)DNA in stem cells
D)DNA in erythrocytes

Question 59

Two vitamins that are necessary for the synthesis of DNA for RBC production are:

A)folic acid and A
B)C and A
C)C and B₁₂
D)B₁₂ and folic acid

Question 60

Which statement is NOT true of erythropoietin?

A)Hypoxia is the stimulus for its production.
B)It stimulates faster RBC production by the red bone marrow.
C)It stimulates faster platelet production by the red bone marrow.
D)It is produced by the kidneys.

Question 61

The kind of WBC that detoxifies foreign proteins is the:

A)lymphocyte
B)eosinophil
C)basophil
D)neutrophil

Question 62

If necessary,type AB positive blood may be considered the universal recipient because:

A)it has no antibodies to destroy the donated RBCs
B)the positive Rh factor is not a problem for a recipient
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the recipient's antigens will be diluted

Question 63

The kind of WBC that produces antibodies is the:

A)eosinophil
B)neutrophil
C)monocyte
D)lymphocyte

Question 64

The kind of WBC that recognizes foreign antigens is the:

A)monocyte
B)neutrophil
C)basophil
D)lymphocyte

Question 65

In emergencies,the universal donor may be considered to be:

A)type O negative
B)type O positive
C)type AB negative
D)type AB positive

Question 66

In emergencies,type O negative blood may be considered the universal donor because:

A)it has no RBC antigens to trigger destruction by a recipient's antibodies
B)the Rh antigens will be diluted
C)it has no antibodies to trigger destruction of the recipient's RBC antigens
D)the Rh factor is never a problem in transfusions

Question 67

Which statement is NOT true of the Rh factor?

A)It is a red blood cell type.
B)An Rh-negative person has no Rh antigen but does have antibodies in the plasma.
C)An Rh-positive person has the Rh antigen on the RBCs and no antibodies in the plasma.
D)An Rh-negative person who is given Rh-positive blood will form antibodies to the Rh factor.

Question 68

Which statement is NOT true of a person with type B negative blood?

A)The RBCs have B antigens.
B)The RBCs have no Rh antigen.
C)The plasma contains anti-B antibodies.
D)The plasma contains anti-A antibodies.

Question 69

A person with type B positive blood receives a transfusion of type A positive blood.What will happen?

A)The donor's antibodies will destroy the recipient's RBCs.
B)The recipient's antibodies will destroy the donated RBCs.
C)The donor's antigens will destroy the recipient's antibodies.
D)These blood types are compatible and the transfusion will be accepted.

Question 70

Which statement is NOT true of a person with type AB negative blood?

A)The RBCs have no Rh antigen.
B)The plasma contains anti-Rh antibodies.
C)The RBCs have A antigens and B antigens.
D)The plasma has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies.

Question 71

The kind of WBC that releases histamine during inflammation is the:

A)basophil
B)lymphocyte
C)eosinophil
D)neutrophil

Question 72

The kind of WBC that contains the anticoagulant heparin is the:

A)basophil
B)lymphocyte
C)monocyte
D)neutrophil

Question 73

Of the WBCs,the basophils ____,and the neutrophils ____.

A)produce heparin/phagocytize pathogens
B)produce antibodies/detoxify foreign proteins
C)phagocytize pathogens/produce antibodies
D)produce antibodies/produce histamine

Question 74

A person with type O positive blood receives a transfusion of type B negative blood.What will happen?

A)The donor's antibodies will destroy the recipient's RBCs.
B)The recipient's antibodies will destroy the donated RBCs.
C)The Rh antibodies will destroy the donated RBCs.
D)These blood types are compatible and the transfusion will be accepted.

Question 75

If necessary,the universal recipient may be considered to be:

A)type O negative
B)type O positive
C)type AB negative
D)type AB positive

Question 76

The kind of WBC that is important in allergies and parasitic infections is the:

A)neutrophil
B)eosinophil
C)lymphocyte
D)monocyte

Question 77

Which statement is NOT true of a person with type O positive blood?

A)The RBCs have O antigens.
B)The RBCs have the Rh antigen.
C)The plasma contains anti-A antibodies.
D)The plasma contains anti-B antibodies.

Question 78

The kind of WBC that is a significant phagocyte of pathogens is the:

A)lymphocyte
B)eosinophil
C)neutrophil
D)basophil

Question 79

The kind of WBC that becomes a phagocytic macrophage is the:

A)neutrophil
B)lymphocyte
C)monocyte
D)eosinophil

Question 80

When a transfusion reaction due to mismatched blood occurs,the most serious consequence may be:

A)liver damage from the foreign RBCs
B)kidney damage from the foreign RBCs
C)liver damage from the free hemoglobin in the blood
D)kidney damage from the free hemoglobin in the blood