Deck 7: Pathways of Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Which of the following would be involved in a study of carriers in the electron transport chain?

A)pyruvate molecules
B)acetyl groups
C)cytochrome molecules
D)NADH molecules
E)FADH₂ molecules

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Cytochromes are carriers of the electron transport chain.They are capable of being quickly and repeatedly reduced and oxidized.

Question 2

Which part of cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of ATP?

A)glycolysis
B)fermentation
C)Krebs cycle
D)electron transport chain
E)preparatory reaction

Answer 2

D
Explanation: Although small numbers of ATP are produced by glycolysis and the Krebs cycle,most ATP molecules are produced due to the workings of the electron transport chain.The preparatory reaction yields no ATP.Fermentation is a process separate from cellular respiration,and generally yields no ATP beyond those produced by glycolysis.

Question 3

Pyruvate is converted to a two-carbon acetyl group attached to coenzyme A (CoA),and carbon dioxide is given off during which phase of cellular respiration?

A)chemiosmosis
B)preparatory reaction
C)electron transport chain
D)anaerobic respiration
E)glycolysis

Answer 3

B
Explanation: This reaction is called the preparatory reaction because it prepares the end product of glycolysis for entry to the Krebs cycle.

Question 4

As a result of glycolysis,one molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of

A)pyruvate.
B)NADH.
C)acetyl CoA.
D)FADH₂.
E)ATP.

Question 5

Which of the following is an input for glycolysis?

A)2 pyruvate
B)2 NADH
C)2 FADH₂
D)2 ATP
E)2 acetyl CoA

Question 6

The conversion of pyruvate into a 2-carbon acetyl group is carried out during which of the following phases?

A)electron transport chain
B)preparatory reaction
C)glycolysis
D)Krebs cycle
E)chemiosmosis

Question 7

Figure:
This figure shows the structure of the mitochondrion.What does "b" represent?

A)outer membrane
B)inner membrane
C)intermembrane space
D)matrix
E)cristae

Question 8

Which of the following phases takes place entirely outside the mitochondria and is considered to be anaerobic?

A)electron transport chain
B)preparatory reaction
C)glycolysis
D)Krebs cycle
E)chemiosmosis

Question 9

Which of these is an inaccurate description of the preparatory reaction?

A)It connects glycolysis to the Krebs cycle.
B)Carbon dioxide is given off.
C)Pyruvate is converted to a two-carbon acetyl group.
D)NAD⁺ is converted to NADH.
E)The reaction occurs once per glucose moleculE.

Question 10

Which of the following are the end products for cellular respiration?

A)glucose and carbon dioxide
B)glucose and water
C)glucose and oxygen
D)oxygen and carbon dioxide
E)carbon dioxide and water

Question 11

The order of the major pathways and reactions of cellular respiration is

A)glycolysis-preparatory reaction-Krebs cycle electron transport chain.
B)electron transport chain-glycolysis-preparatory reaction-Krebs cycle.
C)glycolysis-electron transport chain-preparatory reaction-Krebs cycle.
D)Krebs cycle-glycolysis-preparatory reaction-electron transport chain.
E)glycolysis-preparatory reaction-Krebs cycle-electron transport chain.

Question 12

Which of the following are coenzymes which assist in cellular respiration?

A)FAD and RuBP
B)NAD⁺ and FAD
C)NAD⁺ and RuBP
D)NAD⁺ and ATP synthase
E)FAD and ATP synthase

Question 13

What role does oxygen play in cellular respiration?

A)It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
B)It acts as a coenzyme in the electron transport chain.
C)It acts as an input for the Krebs cycle.
D)It acts as an input for glycolysis.
E)It acts as an intermediate between glycolysis and the Krebs cyclE.

Question 14

What material(s)are put into the Krebs Cycle?

A)acetyl groups
B)carbon dioxide
C)NADH
D)FADH₂
E)ATP

Question 15

The molecule NAD⁺ is said to have an oxidative role in glycolysis because it accepts

A)phosphate atoms.
B)oxygen atoms.
C)carbon dioxide molecules.
D)electrons and hydrogen ions.
E)pyruvate molecules.

Question 16

What are the reactants involved in cellular respiration?

A)glucose and water
B)carbon dioxide and water
C)oxygen and glucose
D)carbon dioxide and glucose
E)water and oxygen

Question 17

Figure:
This figure shows the structure of the mitochondrion.What does "a" represent?

A)outer membrane
B)inner membrane
C)cristae
D)matrix
E)intermembrane space

Question 18

When an enzyme is used to convert ADP into ATP it is referred to as

A)enzyme ATP synthesis.
B)active site ATP synthesis.
C)substrate-level ATP synthesis.
D)enzyme ADP synthesis.
E)substrate-level ADP synthesis.

Question 19

What is the significance of the cristae in the mitochondria?

A)increase surface area,therefore increasing glycolysis
B)increase surface area,therefore increasing the Krebs cycle
C)increase surface area,therefore increasing the preparatory reaction
D)increase surface area,therefore increasing fermentation
E)increase surface area,therefore increasing the electron transport chain

Question 20

What role do NADH and FADH₂ play in the process of cellular respiration?

A)They help break down glucose.
B)They carry electrons to the electron transport chain.
C)They oxidize pyruvate.
D)They produce ATP.
E)They assist in making acetyl groups.

Question 21

In the electron transport chain,electrons are passed from one carrier to another,providing energy to accomplish which of the following?

A)convert NAD⁺ to NADH
B)convert FAD to FADH₂
C)convert ADP to ATP
D)pump hydrogen ions into the matrix
E)pump hydrogen ions out of the matrix

Question 22

What is the net yield of ATP from glycolysis of one glucose molecule?

A)0 ATP
B)4 ATP
C)2 ATP
D)6 ATP
E)10 ATP

Question 23

Which of the following is a product of a part of metabolism other than the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

A)NAD⁺
B)oxygen
C)ATP
D)FAD
E)water

Question 24

What would be the immediate result if the hydrogen ion concentration in the intermembrane space and the matrix reached equilibrium?

A)The conversion of NAD⁺ to NADH would stop.
B)Most ATP production would stop.
C)The conversion of FAD to FADH₂ would stop.
D)Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle would stop.
E)Most ATP production would increasE.

Question 25

During the electron transport chain ATP is made through the process of chemiosmosis.

Question 26

If you follow a low-fat,high-carbohydrate diet,it is likely you will

A)experience no change in body weight because your body will not receive enough lipids to synthesize fat.
B)lose weight because you must consume lipids in order to synthesize fat.
C)gain weight because intermediates from cellular respiration can be converted to fat.
D)gain weight because you will retain water.
E)lose weight because you will become dehydrated.

Question 27

Degradative reactions which break down molecules are referred to as

A)deamination.
B)anabolism.
C)catabolism.
D)fermentation.
E)cellular respiration.

Question 28

During the process of cellular respiration,what is the total number of ATP produced per glucose molecule?

A)36 or 38
B)32 or 34
C)28 or 30
D)24 or 26
E)20 or 24

Question 29

In which of the following events of cellular respiration is no ATP produced?

A)electron transport chain
B)glycolysis
C)Krebs cycle
D)preparatory reaction
E)chemiosmosis

Question 30

Which of the following statements is true about fermentation?

A)It produces more ATP then cellular respiration with oxygen.
B)It doesn't need enzymes.
C)It occurs without oxygen.
D)It produces pyruvate as its end product.
E)It is very efficient.

Question 31

Which of the following molecules produces the most energy when degraded?

A)amino acids
B)proteins
C)polysaccharides
D)lipids
E)monosaccharides

Question 32

The ATP which is made during the electron transport chain is made at which site?

A)ATP reductase
B)ATP cytochrome complex
C)ATP cytochrome oxidase
D)ATP synthase complex
E)ATP coenzyme

Question 33

When someone is out of breath after vigorous exercise,they are experiencing

A)carbon dioxide debt.
B)ATP debt.
C)pyruvate debt.
D)lactate debt.
E)oxygen debt.

Question 34

Of the following statements,which is true in common for proteins,carbohydrates,and lipids as they are catabolized?

A)They all undergo the electron transport chain.
B)They all undergo glycolysis.
C)They all undergo the preparatory reaction.
D)They all need carbon dioxide to be broken down.
E)They all produce the same amount of energy.

Question 35

What molecule would be of least interest in a study of fermentation?

A)carbon dioxide
B)lactate
C)ATP
D)oxygen
E)alcohol

Question 36

What would be the result if oxygen became unavailable to the cell?

A)Glycolysis would stop.
B)The Krebs cycle would stop.
C)The electron transport chain would stop.
D)The preparatory reaction would stop.
E)Substrate-level ATP synthesis would stop.

Question 37

Once NADH and FADH₂ have delivered their electrons and hydrogen ions to the electron transport chain,they

A)pick up water molecules.
B)are shipped out of the mitochondria to be used by other organelles.
C)pick up carbon dioxide molecules.
D)pick up more hydrogen ions.
E)pick up oxygen molecules.

Question 38

If the carbon skeleton of an amino acid loses an amino group the carbon skeleton has undergone

A)anabolism.
B)glycolysis.
C)fermentation.
D)substrate breakdown.
E)deamination.

Question 39

In animals,under anaerobic conditions,pyruvate is converted to which of the following molecules?

A)glucose
B)lactate
C)NAD⁺
D)ATP
E)alcohol

Question 40

What is the benefit of converting pyruvate to lactate when oxygen is not available?

A)It allows the electron transport chain to continue.
B)It allows chemiosmosis to continue.
C)It allows the electron transport chain to produce oxygen.
D)It allows substrate-level ATP synthesis to continue.
E)It allows the Krebs cycle to produce oxygen.

Question 41

In the overall reaction for cellular respiration,_____ is oxidized,and _____ is reduced.

A)glucose,water
B)oxygen,glucose
C)oxygen,water
D)glucose,carbon dioxide
E)glucose,oxygen

Question 42

Cyanide is a poison that binds to the final carrier in the electron transport chain.Why does this property make cyanide deadly?

A)Cyanide prevents the reduction of oxygen and stops the electron transport chain.
B)Cyanide inhibits the reduction of NAD⁺ and FAD.
C)Cyanide blocks the channel through the ATP synthase complex.
D)Cyanide causes ATP hydrolysis.
E)Cyanide inhibits the formation of lactate from pyruvatE.

Question 43

Figure:
This figure shows the relationship between the chloroplast and the mitochondrion.What does "b" represent?

A)photosynthesis
B)Calvin cycle
C)glycolysis
D)cellular respiration
E)carbon fixation

Question 44

Figure:
This figure shows the relationship between the chloroplast and the mitochondrion.What does "c" represent?

A)carbon dioxide
B)carbohydrates
C)ADP
D)ATP
E)oxygen

Question 45

If a baker wants to make bread,which of the following organisms must be used to make the dough rise?

A)Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B)Lactobacillus
C)Acetobacter aceti
D)Streptococcus thermophilus
E)Aspergillus

Question 46

The best fat burning exercise would be

A)short and aerobic.
B)short and anaerobic.
C)long and aerobiC.
D)long and anaerobic.
E)watching television.

Question 47

How much of the available energy stored in glucose is converted to ATP?

A)68%
B)7%
C)26%
D)50%
E)39%

Question 48

Which of these would result from something other than increased aerobic exercise?

A)Increased lung efficiency
B)Increased heart efficiency
C)Decreased number of mitochondria in cells
D)Burning short term energy stores
E)Burning long term energy stores

Question 49

Figure:
This figure shows the relationship between the chloroplast and the mitochondrion.What does "a" represent?

A)carbon dioxide
B)water
C)water
D)carbohydrates
E)ATP

Question 50

One molecule has gone through glycolysis and the preparatory reaction.The net number of ATP molecules produced so far is

A)zero.
B)one.
C)two.
D)six.
E)36 or 38.

Question 51

When did ATP make its appearance on the planet Earth?

A)0.5 billion years ago
B)1.5 billion years ago
C)2.5 billion years ago
D)3.5 billion years ago
E)4.5 billion years ago