Deck 22: Plant Organization and Homeostasis

Question 1

Which of these associations is incorrect?

A)Epidermal cells-protection
B)Stomata-gas exchange
C)Sclerenchyma cells-cell division
D)Sieve-tube cells-sugar transport
E)Xylem cells-water transport

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Most sclerenchyma cells are nonliving at maturity;their primary function is to support the mature living regions of a plant.

Question 2

A plant physiologist is studying the parts of the root system in a plant,implying an interest in

A)axillary buds.
B)petioles.
C)roots.
D)internodes.
E)nodes.

Answer 2

C
Explanation: The roots belong to the root system,not the shoot system.

Question 3

If you were studying the rate of gas exchange that takes place in the leaves of plants,you would be studying which of the following?

A)cortex
B)cuticle
C)stomata
D)lenticels
E)periderm

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The stomata are openings in the leaf epidermis that permit for carbon dioxide to enter the leaf while oxygen departs from the leaf.

Question 4

A biologist is studying an unknown species of plant and observes the following: root xylem and phloem in a ring,vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem,and leaf veins are parallel.This would lead to this plant being classified as what?

A)a monocot.
B)a perennial.
C)deciduous.
D)an eudicot.
E)an annual.

Question 5

The waxy covering of the outside layer of the leaf epidermal cells is called the

A)cortex.
B)cuticle.
C)stomata.
D)lenticel.
E)periderm.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of a part of the shoot system other than the stem,in most plants?

A)to support the leaves
B)to produce carbohydrates
C)to carry carbohydrates
D)to carry water
E)to support lateral branches

Question 7

Most plants have a body divided into two main parts which are

A)the leaf system and the stem system.
B)the shoot system and the root system.
C)the stem system and the root system.
D)the root system and the leaf system.
E)the branch system and the stem system.

Question 8

Figure:
This figure shows the organization of the plant body.What does "e" represent?

A)lateral branch root
B)node
C)internode
D)axillary bud
E)terminal bud

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of a monocot rather than a eudicot?

A)The root phloem is between the arms of the xylem.
B)The vascular bundles are in a distinct ring in the stem.
C)The flower parts are in threes or multiples of three.
D)The leaf veins form a net pattern.
E)The seed has two cotyledons.

Question 10

Figure:
This figure shows the organization of the plant body.What does "d" represent?

A)lateral branch root
B)node
C)internode
D)axillary bud
E)terminal bud

Question 11

A plant physiologist is studying the structures found on plants which increase the absorptive capacity of the roots,implying study of

A)root nodes.
B)root tips.
C)root nodules.
D)root hairs.
E)root pigments.

Question 12

Figure:
This figure shows the organization of the plant body.What does "b" represent?

A)lateral branch root
B)node
C)internode
D)axillary bud
E)terminal bud

Question 13

Sclerenchyma cell walls are hardened by what substance?

A)pith
B)lignin
C)cellulose
D)cuticle
E)xylem

Question 14

If you were studying the regions of the plant where leaves are attached to the stem you would be studying

A)the internodes.
B)the terminal buds.
C)the leaf blades.
D)the nodes.
E)the vascular tissues.

Question 15

For which of the following are monocots least an important source for humans?

A)cereal grains
B)building material
C)housing
D)medicines
E)furniture

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the root system in only some plants?

A)to interact with the soil
B)to anchor the plant
C)to absorb minerals
D)to store carbohydrates
E)to form root nodules

Question 17

The portion of the plant located at the shoot tip is referred to as

A)the terminal bud.
B)the petiole.
C)the node.
D)the internode.
E)the vascular tissuE.

Question 18

Which of the following is the least general function of a plant's apical meristem?

A)carries out cell division
B)produces epidermal tissue
C)produces ground tissue
D)produces vascular tissue
E)produces leaf primordia

Question 19

If you were studying the structures in plants which are responsible for taking in carbon dioxide you would be studying

A)the roots.
B)the flowers.
C)the stems.
D)the fruits.
E)the leaves.

Question 20

Cells of the ground tissue system are called

A)epidermal cells.
B)tracheids and vessel elements.
C)sieve-tube and companion cells.
D)endodermis and phloem cells.
E)parenchyma,collenchyma,and sclerenchyma cells.

Question 21

The term secondary growth refers to an increase in

A)the number of branches.
B)girth.
C)the number of roots.
D)the length of the stem and root.
E)the number of leaves.

Question 22

A plant physiologist is studying the primary meristem that gives rise to the epidermis,implying studying of the

A)leaf primordiA.
B)pith.
C)protoderm.
D)vascular cambium.
E)cork cambium.

Question 23

A cross section through the region of maturation of a root would show

A)cells of the root cap.
B)the apical meristem.
C)transport tissue.
D)greatly elongated,undifferentiated cells.
E)cells covered with a thick cuticlE.

Question 24

Water and minerals move upwards in roots and stems primarily through the

A)cambium.
B)phloem.
C)cortex.
D)xylem.
E)bark.

Question 25

Woody plants have large trunks composed mostly of

A)phloem.
B)xylem.
C)palisade mesophyll.
D)spongy mesophyll.
E)endodermis.

Question 26

If you were studying the secondary growth tissue that contains cork and cork cambium you would be studying which of the following?

A)endodermis
B)vascular bundle
C)palisade mesophyll
D)endodermis
E)periderm

Question 27

The meristematic tissue used for secondary growth and found between the xylem and phloem of each vascular bundle in herbaceous eudicot stems is termed the

A)apical meristem.
B)root meristem.
C)cork cambium.
D)vascular cambium.
E)bark cambium.

Question 28

Which of these associations mixes cells with the name of a tissue other than the one containing them?

A)epidermal tissue-epidermal cells
B)epidermal tissue-guard cells
C)ground tissue-tracheid cells
D)vascular tissue-sieve tube cells
E)vascular tissue-vessel elements

Question 29

Which is the correct sequence of zones in a longitudinal section of a root,starting from the root tip?

A)zone of cell division,zone of elongation,zone of maturation
B)zone of cell division,zone of maturation,zone of elongation
C)zone of maturation,zone of elongation,zone of cell division
D)zone of maturation,zone of cell division,zone of elongation
E)zone of elongation,zone of maturation,zone of cell division

Question 30

Figure:
This figure shows the cross sectional anatomy of a leaf.What does "c" represent?

A)spongy mesophyll
B)cuticle
C)upper epidermis
D)leaf vein
E)palisade mesophyll

Question 31

If you were a plant biologist studying the portion of a herbaceous eudicot stem that stores water and the products of photosynthesis,you would be studying which type of tissue?

A)pith
B)cortex
C)endodermis
D)vascular bundle
E)epidermis

Question 32

Meristematic tissue functions for

A)protection.
B)growth.
C)water transport.
D)support.
E)carbohydrate transport.

Question 33

The tissues of a leaf,from the upper surface to the lower surface,are

A)epidermis,periderm,epidermis.
B)epidermis,palisade mesophyll,spongy mesophyll,epidermis.
C)xylem,palisade mesophyll,spongy mesophyll,phloem.
D)epidermis,spongy mesophyll,palisade mesophyll,epidermis.
E)dermis,spongy mesophyll,palisade mesophyll,dermis.

Question 34

Which cells are relatively unspecialized ground tissue cells,corresponding to a generalized plant cell?

A)epidermal
B)tracheid
C)parenchyma
D)sclerenchyma
E)meristem

Question 35

If you were a plant physiologist studying the components of xylem,you would be studying which of the following?

A)vessel elements and tracheids
B)sieve tube elements
C)meristematic cells
D)epidermal cells
E)parenchyma cells

Question 36

A plant physiologist is studying the function of the spongy mesophyll layer in the leaves of plants,implying study of

A)carbohydrate production.
B)vascular transport.
C)gas exchange.
D)nutrient uptake.
E)protection of the leaf.

Question 37

If you were a biologist studying the type of growth which increases the length of the root system and the stem system,you would be studying

A)annual growth.
B)secondary growth.
C)perennial growth.
D)primary growth.
E)deciduous growth.

Question 38

Plant vascular tissue consists of

A)cortex and suberin.
B)xylem and phloem.
C)epidermis and pith.
D)cambium and cork.
E)parenchyma and sclerenchyma.

Question 39

Figure:
This figure shows the cross sectional anatomy of a leaf.What does "b" represent?

A)spongy mesophyll
B)cuticle
C)upper epidermis
D)leaf vein
E)palisade mesophyll

Question 40

The tissue which regulates the entrance of water and minerals into the vascular cylinder of a root is the

A)cortex.
B)epidermis.
C)endodermis.
D)pith.
E)cuticlE.

Question 41

The first forests were composed of non-seed plants.

Question 42

The stomata of the leaves open and close based on

A)oxygen availability.
B)mineral availability.
C)water availability.
D)carbon dioxide availability.
E)light availability.

Question 43

If you were studying the function of phloem in plants you would mostly be interested in which of the following?

A)uptake of water
B)rate of photosynthesis
C)movement of water
D)transport of photosynthate
E)uptake of carbon dioxide

Question 44

Monocots have taproot systems while dicots have fibrous root systems.

Question 45

Which of the following is the benefit of a plant having mutualistic fungus on or in its roots?

A)increased oxygen absorption
B)increased carbon dioxide absorption
C)increased photosynthesis
D)increased carbon dioxide production
E)increased water absorption

Question 46

Figure:
This figure shows the cross-sectional anatomy of a leaf.What does "a" represent?

A)cuticle
B)epidermis
C)spongy mesophyll
D)palisade mesophyll
E)leaf vein

Question 47

Which two structures function in gas exchange?

A)stomata and lenticels
B)stomata and the palisade layer of a leaf
C)root hairs and nodes of stems
D)root tip and apical meristem
E)lenticels and the cuticle

Question 48

Figure:
This figure shows the cross sectional anatomy of a leaf.What does "e" represent?

A)upper epidermis
B)leaf vein
C)spongy mesophyll
D)palisade mesophyll
E)cuticle

Question 49

Roots can increase in girth by secondary growth,but stems cannot.

Question 50

Leaves are flattened to provide more surface area for absorbing light.