Deck 19: Evolution of Plants and Fungi

Question 1

Figure:
This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "a" represent?

A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)sporophyte
D)fertilization
E)haploid

Answer 1

C
Explanation: "a" represents the sporophyte generation.

Question 2

Which of the following are nonvascular plants?

A)ferns
B)pine trees
C)mosses
D)oak trees
E)grasses

Answer 2

C
Explanation: Mosses are bryophytes,which are nonvascular plants.

Question 3

Fertilization in the mosses is dependent upon

A)butterflies.
B)mammals.
C)water.
D)winD.
E)bees.

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The female gametophyte produces eggs in archegonia,and the male gametophyte produces flagellated sperm in antheridia.The sperm swim to the vicinity of the egg in a continuous film of water.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a carnivorous plant?

A)venus flytrap
B)pansy
C)horsetail
D)yellow trumpet plant
E)bladderworts

Question 5

A plant physiologist is studying the portion of the moss gametophyte which produces flagellated sperm,which is

A)the archegonium.
B)the sporangium.
C)the rhizoids.
D)the antheridium.
E)the stalk.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of the sporophyte generation rather than the gametophyte generation?

A)It is dominant in mosses.
B)It produces gametes.
C)Egg and sperm are produced through meiosis.
D)It is haploiD.
E)In angiosperms it is less dominant than the sporophytE.

Question 7

Which of the following is a major trait which allowed plants to move onto and adapt to dry land?

A)the development of spores
B)sporophyte dominance
C)the development of a protected embryo
D)gametophyte dominance
E)the development of the flower

Question 8

Which of the following features would be least helpful in the evolution of land plants?

A)vascular tissue
B)water conservation mechanisms
C)a dominant sporophyte
D)a dominant gametophyte
E)stomata for gas exchange

Question 9

If you were studying the most recent of the six major innovations plants experienced during their evolutionary history,you would be studying

A)seeds.
B)fruits.
C)apical growth.
D)embryonic protection.
E)vascular tissuE.

Question 10

Figure:
This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "d" represent?

A)fertilization
B)meiosis
C)mitosis
D)sporophyte
E)haploid

Question 11

Figure:
This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "e" represent?

A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)sporophyte
D)fertilization
E)haploid

Question 12

Which of the following characteristics is shared by the most different types of plants?

A)embryo protection
B)seeds
C)vascular tissue
D)flowers
E)cones

Question 13

Why do some plants feed on insects and other small animals?

A)to obtain glucose
B)to obtain water
C)to obtain carbohydrates
D)to obtain nitrogen
E)to obtain oxygen

Question 14

Figure:
This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "c" represent?

A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)haploid
D)sporophyte
E)fertilization

Question 15

In the moss life cycle,the ______ generation is dominant.

A)haploid gametophyte
B)diploid gametophyte
C)haploid sporophyte
D)diploid sporophyte
E)triploid sporophyte

Question 16

If you were studying the female portion of the moss gametophyte you would be studying

A)the archegonium.
B)the sporangium.
C)the rhizoids.
D)the antheridium.
E)the stalk.

Question 17

Sphagnum is a type of ________ that has nonliving cells that can absorb moisture and can be used in gardening.

A)algae
B)gymnosperm
C)moss
D)angiosperm
E)fern

Question 18

Which of the following statements from student exams indicate a need for much more study?

A)Both plants and green algae contain chlorophyll A.
B)Both plants and green algae contain vascular tissue.
C)Both plants and green algae store carbohydrates as starch.
D)Both plants and green algae have cellulose in their cell walls.
E)Both plants and green algae contain chlorophyll b.

Question 19

Figure:
This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "b" represent?

A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)sporophyte
D)fertilization
E)haploid

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true for the gametophyte generation rather than the sporophyte generation?

A)It produces spores.
B)It is diploid.
C)It is dominant in angiosperms.
D)It is dominant in gymnosperms.
E)It is dominant in mosses.

Question 21

Figure:
This figure shows the parts of the flower.What does "d" represent?

A)the stamens
B)the stigma
C)the carpel
D)the anther
E)the pollen tube

Question 22

Which list is the arranged in order from least to most dominant sporophyte generation?

A)moss,fern,angiosperm,gymnosperm
B)moss,fern,gymnosperm,angiosperm
C)fern,moss,gymnosperm,angiosperm
D)fern,moss,angiosperm,gymnosperm
E)gymnosperm,moss,fern,angiosperm

Question 23

In pine trees,the haploid microspores undergo mitosis and are liberated as the

A)embryo sacs.
B)ovules.
C)pollen grains.
D)zygotes.
E)eggs.

Question 24

Figure:
This figure shows the parts of the flower.What does "c" represent?

A)the anther
B)the carpel
C)the stigma
D)the pollen tube
E)the stamens

Question 25

If you were studying the portion of the gymnosperm which will give rise to the egg-producing gametophyte,you would be studying the

A)megaspore.
B)stigma.
C)microspore.
D)carpel.
E)receptaclE.

Question 26

Compared to the moss,the fern is better adapted to life on land because the fern

A)produces seeds,but mosses do not.
B)does not have swimming sperm,but mosses do.
C)does not have a gametophyte generation,but ferns do.
D)has vascular tissue,but mosses do not.
E)does not have a sporophyte generation,but ferns do.

Question 27

The seeds of gymnosperms are mostly spread by

A)water.
B)insects.
C)wind.
D)mammals.
E)birds.

Question 28

Double fertilization in an angiosperm produces

A)a diploid zygote and haploid polar nucleus.
B)a diploid zygote and a diploid endosperm.
C)a diploid embryo and a triploid zygote.
D)a triploid embryo and a diploid endosperm.
E)a diploid zygote and a triploid endosperm.

Question 29

Figure:
This figure shows the parts of the flower.What does "e" represent?

A)the stamens
B)the stigma
C)the carpel
D)the anther
E)the pollen tube

Question 30

You are researching the evolutionary history of plants based on the fossil record.After much research you determine that the _____________ were the first plants to produce seeds.

A)angiosperms
B)ferns
C)mosses
D)gymnosperms
E)bryophytes

Question 31

In a fern,the spores are produced through the process of mitosis.

Question 32

Figure:
This figure shows the parts of the flower.What does "a" represent?

A)the anther
B)the carpel
C)the stamens
D)the stigma
E)the pollen tube

Question 33

A plant physiologist is studying the characteristics of gymnosperms and angiosperms and finds which characteristic to be shared between them?

A)Seeds develop within a cone.
B)Seeds develop within a flower.
C)Seeds are surrounded by a fruit at maturity.
D)Pollen is carried by the wind for pollination.
E)Pollen is carried by animal pollinators.

Question 34

Which of the following is only true for land plants which come before gymnosperms?

A)The sporophyte is dominant.
B)Water is needed for fertilization.
C)There are two types of cones.
D)The microspores become pollen.
E)The seeds are naked.

Question 35

Which statement is true for some close relatives of ferns but not for ferns themselves?

A)The gametophyte stage lacks vascular tissue.
B)The sporophyte stage lacks vascular tissue.
C)Antheridia and archegonia grow on the same structure.
D)Fertilization requires moisture for the sperm to swim to the egg.
E)The sporophyte stage is the dominate generation.

Question 36

Figure:
This figure shows the parts of the flower.What does "b" represent?

A)the stamens
B)the stigma
C)the carpel
D)the anther
E)the pollen tube

Question 37

Which of the following types of plants will produce a naked seed?

A)mosses
B)ferns
C)algae
D)gymnosperms
E)angiosperms

Question 38

Which of the following would have to be part of a male flower?

A)the anther
B)the stigma
C)the style
D)the ovary
E)the carpel

Question 39

You are a plant physiologist who is studying the alternation of generations in ferns,and this would have shown that

A)the sporophyte and gametophyte generations are equal.
B)the haploid gametophyte is dominant.
C)the diploid gametophyte is dominant.
D)the haploid sporophyte is dominant.
E)the diploid sporophyte is dominant.

Question 40

If you were studying the geologic period when the majority of today's coal was produced,you would be studying which period?

A)Devonian
B)Cretaceous
C)Jurassic
D)Silurian
E)Carboniferous

Question 41

Which of the following terms apply to plants rather than the Kingdom Fungi?

A)autotrophic
B)eukaryotic
C)heterotrophic
D)symbiosis
E)decomposers

Question 42

The mycelium is a mesh of filaments,each of which is called

A)a super-mycelium.
B)a conidium.
C)an ascospore.
D)a basidiospore.
E)a hypha.

Question 43

A biologist is studying the mutualistic relationship between fungi and cyanobacteria or green algae and,thus,is studying

A)mycorrhizae.
B)lichens.
C)conidia.
D)mycelia.
E)yeasts.

Question 44

Mushrooms and puff balls belong to the

A)sac fungi.
B)flowering fungi.
C)club fungi.
D)zygospore fungi.
E)chytrids.

Question 45

Relationships between plant roots and fungi which help the plant obtain water and nutrients are referred to as

A)mycorrhizae.
B)lichens.
C)conidia.
D)mycelia.
E)yeasts.

Question 46

Which part of the seed provides nourishment for the embryo?

A)the ovary
B)the seed coat
C)the egg sac
D)the endosperm
E)the anther

Question 47

If you wanted to write a paper on the largest group of plants,your paper would be on

A)gymnosperms.
B)ferns.
C)angiosperms.
D)mosses.
E)algaE.

Question 48

________________ are mostly saprotrophic decomposers that assist in recycling of nutrients in ecosystems.

A)Algae
B)Viruses
C)Fungi
D)Plants
E)Protozoans

Question 49

At one time,biologists thought that fungi were merely forms of plants that had lost their chlorophyll and had returned to saprotrophy to gain food.What is a reason this is not true?

A)Fungal cell walls contain chitin rather than cellulose.
B)Fungi attack and engulf food for internal digestion.
C)Fungi have flagella at some stage,providing mobility that plants never have.
D)Plants are multicellular and fungi are unicellular or multinucleated noncellular plasmodia.
E)Plants obtain nutrients from the soil and fungi do not.

Question 50

You have discovered a previously unknown fungus which is unicellular and reproduces asexually by budding.You have discovered a new species of

A)yeast.
B)club fungus.
C)zygospore fungus.
D)chytriD.
E)black bread mold.

Question 51

Which of the following is a service provided by fungi,rather than plants,for human benefit?

A)food and drinks
B)antibiotics
C)rubber
D)clothes
E)shelter

Question 52

If you were interested in studying the group of fungi which includes black bread mold,you would be studying which group?

A)Chytrids
B)Sac fungi
C)Club fungi
D)Zygospore fungi
E)Algae

Question 53

The cell walls of fungi contain a large amount of

A)phospholipids.
B)starch.
C)glucose.
D)chitin.
E)cellulosE.