Deck 30: The Promise of Renewal: Hope and Possibility in Late Nineteenth-Century Europe

Question 1

Why did Zola call Gustave Caillebotte's The Floor-Scrapers "crude" and "violent"?

A)Its loose,sketchy brushwork
B)Its working-class subject
C)Its reliance on parallel lines
D)Its downplay of natural light

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Why did the 13 Russian artists known as the Travelers show their paintings across the country instead of in an urban gallery?

A)The aristocracy disliked their paintings' realism
B)They desired to spread their message of social reform
C)No urban gallery would display their work
D)The tsar feared they would stir up a rebellion

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Why did Claude Monet,Auguste Renoir,Edgar Degas,and other artists found a Société anonyme?

A)To help rebuild French culture
B)To unionize the French artists
C)To challenge the Salon's exhibits
D)To show their art anonymously

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Why did nineteenth-century Russian collectors favor French and German works over Russian art?

A)They recognized the genius of the Impressionists
B)They believed Russia was hopelessly backward
C)They appreciated the sense of rebellion
D)Russian art was too steeped in religion

Question 5

Why was Degas attracted to the soft effects of pastel chalks?

A)To blur distinctions among figures
B)To create works more quickly
C)To simulate gaslight atmosphere
D)To blend light and dark colors

Question 6

What innovation enabled the Impressionists to paint en plein air?

A)Tinted eyewear
B)Portable easel
C)Colored chalk
D)Paint in tubes

Question 7

Approximately how many Parisians were killed in "the bloody week" of May 21-28,1871?

A)5,000-10,000
B)10,000-15,000
C)20,000-25,000
D)30,000-35,000

Question 8

Why did Camille Pissaro paint Red Roofs with the complementary colors red and green and orange and blue set side by side?

A)To intensify each other's hue
B)To contrast with the brown trees
C)To blur human design and nature
D)To imitate the play of light on nature

Question 9

Why does Manet's barmaid in A Bar at the Folies-Bergère look not at but past the painting's viewer?

A)To emphasize her low social status
B)To remove herself from her menial job
C)To watch the distant trapeze artist
D)To emphasize her isolation

Question 10

In Berthe Morisot's Summer's Day,why is one woman's dress with zigzags while the other is a patchwork of straight strokes?

A)To distinguish the clothing from the water
B)To show one's social superiority to the other
C)To emphasize the distance between them
D)To capture the diverse play of light better

Question 11

Why does Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party seem to present an unreal world?

A)Men and women as equals
B)So many social classes together
C)No city overcrowding and pollution
D)Leisure and pleasure without work

Question 12

What effect does Claude Monet's loose brushwork give to Boulevard des Capucines?

A)Snow drifting through trees
B)Animation of a public street
C)Insignificance of human swarms
D)Majesty of the Place de l'Opéra

Question 13

Why did Louis-Napoleon dismiss Georges-Eugène Haussmann from his Paris civic-planning post?

A)To appease Parisians angry with his city renewal plans
B)For supporting the Parisians' desire to secede from France
C)To use his enormous salary to fund the military
D)For questionable financing schemes for his projects

Question 14

What human-rights issue lay beneath the surface of nineteenth-century Russian culture?

A)Lack of women's rights
B)Child labor conditions
C)Plight of the serf
D)Imprisonment without trial

Question 15

Why are the young girls in Degas's Dance Class in a moment of great stress?

A)They are preparing for their dance examination
B)They are competing for an increase in wages
C)They are performing before a famous male dancer
D)They are rehearsing a performance for the emperor

Question 16

Why can Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party be viewed as a response to Émile Zola's challenge for the Impressionists to create more complex paintings?

A)The strong outlines of each of the figures
B)The interlocking triangles connecting the figures
C)The use of identifiable people for the figures
D)The imitation of a Rubens' genre painting

Question 17

Why was Emperor Louis-Napoleon imprisoned and exiled to England in 1870?

A)The French General Lecomte staged a coup
B)The Prussian army defeated his forces
C)Rebelling Parisians captured him
D)His brother Maximilian deposed him

Question 18

Why do most of Edgar Degas's paintings have work as their primary theme?

A)Degas was a product of working-class parents
B)Middle-class buyers preferred that theme
C)Degas worked long and hard on his paintings
D)Work's stress made for intriguing facial expressions

Question 19

How did the Parisians avoid starvation during the 1870-71 Prussian siege of their city?

A)Ate the plants in the palace gardens
B)Cannibalized the dead Parisians
C)Stormed and robbed the palace kitchens
D)Killed and ate the zoo animals

Question 20

What question functions as the theme of Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment?

A)Can immoral means justify worthy ends?
B)Who has the right to pass judgment on others?
C)Are we our brothers' keepers?
D)Who is in control of a person's fate?

Question 21

With the exception of Aline Charigot,who gazes at her little dog,all of the characters in Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party look at a person different from the one looking at them.Discuss how this observation figures in with Renoir's geometric composition of the painting.

Question 22

What two principles did William Morris emphasize in his designs?

A)Beauty and utility
B)Labor and love
C)Simplicity and utility
D)Honor and pride

Question 23

Identify and discuss at least two ways Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party can be viewed as a response to Émile Zola's challenge that the Impressionists should make more complex paintings.

Question 24

For what did Joseph Paxton design London's Crystal Palace?

A)The new Saint Christopher le Stocks Church
B)The Bridgeman Art Library of Impressionist Painting
C)The Royal Society of London for Improving Knowledge
D)The Exhibition of the Art and Industry of All Nations

Question 25

List and discuss three events that contributed to 1870's France's less-than-optimistic mood.

Question 26

How did Tchaikovsky raise ballet music to a new level?

A)With en pointe dancers and skimpier costumes
B)By including French and Russian folk music
C)With lyrical melodies and rich orchestration
D)By introducing realistic effects such as cannon shots

Question 27

As stated in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section,why were nineteenth-century Americans so attracted to French culture?

A)Liberation from Puritan morality
B)Avant-garde developments in art
C)History of France's traditions and style
D)Empathy for the many rebellions

Question 28

Analyze the connection between work and art as illustrated by Degas's Dance Class and Caillebotte's The Floor-Scrapers.

Question 29

Identify,define,and illustrate from specific works three characteristics of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.

Question 30

Which of the following painters was not admired by the pre-Raphaelites?

A)Michelangelo
B)Jan van Eyck
C)Sandro Botticelli
D)Raphael

Question 31

Why did John Ruskin dislike mass manufacture?

A)Its results were too standardized and uniform
B)It deprived people of the satisfaction of creating
C)It exploited the lower-class factory workers
D)It created hastily done,shoddy products

Question 32

Identify and define two ways Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace revolutionized architecture and construction.

Question 33

Matching

Question 34

What theory did John Stuart Mill advocate in The Subjection of Women?

A)Libertarian
B)Economic
C)Socialist
D)Utilitarian

Question 35

Compare the main themes of Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment and Tolstoy's War and Peace.

Question 36

Supporting your claims with works from specific artists,define three characteristics of the French Impressionists' art.

Question 37

How did William Morris and Company discriminate against women?

A)Presented them erotically in art
B)Hired them to do embroidery only
C)Paid them a lower wage than male workers
D)Refused to let them design tapestries