Deck 10: Stresses and Strains

Question 1

Ostracizers often believe the ostracism is _____.The ostracized tend to find the ostracism _____.

A) beneficial; damaging to the relationship
B) useless; beneficial
C) beneficial; beneficial in time
D) useless; damaging to the relationship

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When people experience relational devaluation it seems to:

A) be easier on people's feelings than constant rejection.
B) cause more hurt and distress than constant rejection.
C) have a similar effect on people's feelings as constant rejection.
D) cause momentary distress from which people easily recover.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the most crucial ingredient in jealousy?

A) Coveting another person's partner
B) Loss of a partner
C) Rage
D) A real or imagined rival who is taking away your partner's interest in you

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on self-esteem?

A) Ordering someone to leave
B) Physically throwing someone out of a party
C) Asking someone politely to leave
D) All of these have nearly equal effect.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an individual difference related to jealousy?

A) Dependence on a relationship
B) Feelings of inadequacy in a relationship
C) A secure attachment style
D) Gender

Question 6

Olivia sees her relationship with Ryan as very close and important.Ryan sees his relationship with Olivia as moderately close and not very important.It appears that Olivia and Ryan are different in their:

A) relational inclusion.
B) relational value.
C) maximal exclusion.
D) maximal inclusion.

Question 7

Ostracism has been found to cause excluded people to:

A) act more strategically.
B) increase complex thought.
C) overestimate how much time has passed.
D) be better, more rational planners.

Question 8

For the first few months after they met,Jon really seemed to like Luke and enjoy his company.Jon now seems to avoid Luke.Luke heard through friends that Jon doesn't like him much anymore.Luke has experienced:

A) relational devaluation.
B) relational value.
C) relational rejection.
D) extreme rejection.

Question 9

Although they were once friends,nine-year-old Brittany deliberately left Shauna's name off the list of invited guests to her birthday party.Brittany is engaging in:

A) maximal inclusion.
B) passive inclusion.
C) passive exclusion.
D) maximal exclusion.

Question 10

The degree to which people consider their relationships with us to be valuable to them is known as:

A) relational conceptualization.
B) relational inequity.
C) relational value.
D) relational schema.

Question 11

People with low self-esteem are:

A) equally as likely as those with high self-esteem to tolerate ostracism.
B) more likely to stay with someone who ostracizes them, but carry a grudge.
C) more tolerant of ostracism because they are used to it.
D) more likely to leave a partner who ostracizes them.

Question 12

Although she hasn't done anything,Katelyn's current boyfriend accuses her of seeing an old boyfriend behind his back.Katelyn's current boyfriend is showing:

A) reactive jealousy.
B) reactionary jealousy.
C) suspicious jealousy.
D) superlative jealousy.

Question 13

Although members of the campus chess club welcome Josie when she comes to their meeting,no one goes out of their way to ask her to be part of the club.Josie is experiencing:

A) maximal inclusion.
B) active inclusion.
C) passive inclusion.
D) active exclusion.

Question 14

Which attachment style is least related to jealousy?

A) Secure
B) Dismissing
C) Preoccupied
D) Anxious

Question 15

The apparent decrease in others' regard for us that results in hurt feelings is known as:

A) relational devaluation.
B) relational value.
C) relational rejection.
D) extreme rejection.

Question 16

When others seek us out and go out of their way to interact with us,this is known as:

A) passive inclusion.
B) active inclusion.
C) maximal inclusion.
D) active exclusion.

Question 17

Which personality variable is most associated with jealousy?

A) Neuroticism
B) Agreeableness
C) Surgency
D) Introversion

Question 18

Research on social exclusion shows that:

A) once we find out that others don't want us around, it doesn't matter much to us how much they dislike us.
B) we are sensitive to different levels of rejection; the more people don't want us around, the more it hurts.
C) we hate being excluded entirely, but if others' dislike is not too great, we feel okay.
D) most people prefer ambivalence from others than complete rejection.

Question 19

Reactive jealousy involves:

A) being suspicious when there is no threat to the relationship.
B) snooping around to confirm suspicions.
C) being jealous in response to another's jealousy.
D) identifying real threats.

Question 20

The core ingredient of the stresses and strains that we experience in relationships is our perception that others value us:

A) more than we want them to.
B) less than we want them to.
C) less than they value themselves.
D) more than they value themselves.

Question 21

Two important strategies for overcoming unwanted jealousy are self-reliance and:

A) bolstering your sense of self-worth.
B) appreciating that jealousy is a sign of true love.
C) explaining to your partner how the situation is unfair to you.
D) devaluing your partner.

Question 22

What most often gives away liars?

A) Inconsistencies in the things they say
B) Nonverbal behaviors
C) Personal confessions
D) None of these; liars are very hard to detect.

Question 23

Those who lie to others can begin to perceive the recipients of the lies as less honest and trustworthy.This is called:

A) the liar's lie.
B) the liar's paradox.
C) deceiver's distrust.
D) receiver's distrust.

Question 24

Which of the following is characteristic of deception in close as opposed to less-intimate relationships?

A) Lies are often told with belief that they "benefit" the other.
B) We are not as likely to tell lies about serious matters to close partners.
C) Partners' accuracy in detecting lies is especially good.
D) All of these.

Question 25

In terms of our confidence and accuracy at telling when our intimate partners are lying,we tend to be:

A) quite confident, but that has noting to do with how accurate we are.
B) relatively confident, and that gives us a good clue to our accuracy.
C) not at all confident, although we are usually quite accurate.
D) not at all confident, and rightly so, as our accuracy is also poor.

Question 26

If you want to detect lies:

A) you can see if people speak at a higher pitch; this is a sure sign of lying.
B) there is no one cue you can look to for certain evidence of lying.
C) you should give up; liars don't do anything differently from truth tellers.
D) you should look at whether or not the potential liar looks you in the eye; this is a sure sign of lying.

Question 27

In forced choice questions,women report they would react more to the threat of _____ infidelity and men report they would react more to the threat of ______ infidelity.

A) sexual; emotional
B) sexual; social
C) emotional; sexual
D) social; emotional

Question 28

To cope with their feelings of jealousy,women sometimes try to induce jealousy in their partners.A primary danger in this strategy is that:

A) it can create anger in the partner that may erupt into acting aggressively toward the rival.
B) it may drive the partner away.
C) the woman may become more attracted to her new interest than to her original partner.
D) None of these; this strategy usually works.

Question 29

Research on lying suggests that most lies are:

A) not successful.
B) casual, spontaneous events.
C) infrequent (we don't tell lies very often).
D) considered fairly serious by those who tell them.

Question 30

People who lie to others may begin to:

A) distrust themselves.
B) develop anxiety and anxiety disorders.
C) develop sleep problems.
D) distrust those they have lied to.

Question 31

Which theory views male jealousy as springing from the importance of ensuring that children are their biological offspring?

A) Attachment
B) Equity
C) Evolutionary psychology
D) Interdependence

Question 32

Individuals with preoccupied attachment styles are likely to respond to jealousy by:

A) avoiding the issue.
B) expressing their concerns.
C) trying to make their partner jealous in response.
D) breaking up.

Question 33

In heterosexual relationships,when their partners cheat with a member of the same sex:

A) men consider it worse than if their partner cheated with another man.
B) men are less distressed than if their partner cheated with another man.
C) women are less distressed than if their partner cheated with another woman.
D) there is no gender difference in reaction.

Question 34

People's assumptions that their intimate partners usually tell them the truth:

A) are generally accurate-we lie much less in close relationships.
B) differ based on gender.
C) can be explained by the truth bias.
D) have to do with attachment styles.

Question 35

Which of the following statements regarding detecting deception in intimate relationships is true?

A) We are better able to detect lying in people we like because we are motivated to do so.
B) Lie detection in casual and intimate relationships is the same.
C) As our relationships become more intimate, lie detection decreases.
D) As relationships become more intimate, we get better at detecting our partners' lies.

Question 36

Of the following,who is most likely to get away with a lie?

A) Someone who has less to lose
B) Someone who is trying to make a good impression
C) Someone who is a frequent liar
D) Someone who is lying to attractive targets

Question 37

Betrayal may be inevitable when we have:

A) many acquaintances.
B) a particularly close relationship with our partner.
C) been betrayed by someone else.
D) competing loyalties among our relationships.

Question 38

According to the research of DePaulo,what percentage of people report telling NO lies in a given week?

A) 95%
B) 52%
C) 19%
D) 5%

Question 39

Who makes us jealous?

A) Everyone is jealous of someone who is more physically attractive.
B) Everyone is jealous of someone who is more dominant.
C) Women are likely to be made jealous by physically attractive rivals.
D) Strangers, as opposed to friends, create greater jealousy.

Question 40

DePaulo's research on lying indicates that most commonly people:

A) believe their lies have been accepted by the person they lied to.
B) are slightly unsure as to whether their lies were accepted.
C) are anxious about whether their lies were accepted.
D) have almost no belief that their lies were accepted.

Question 41

Forgiveness tends to:

A) protect the relationships in which it occurs.
B) weaken the relationships in which it occurs.
C) create recurring problems in relationships.
D) create unhappy relationships.

Question 42

Forgiveness is more likely:

A) when we are dealing with strangers.
B) in relationships involving acquaintances.
C) in relationships involving colleagues or business partners.
D) in close, committed relationships.

Question 43

Forgiveness necessarily involves:

A) apology by the betrayer.
B) giving up the right to retaliate.
C) getting something tangible in return immediately.
D) the possibility of asking for favors from the betrayer in the future.

Question 44

Which of the following types of people are most likely to forgive?

A) Insecure people (in terms of attachment style)
B) Those high in agreeableness
C) Those high in neuroticism
D) Those high in narcissism

Question 45

People who seek vengeance for a betrayal:

A) generally achieve their aims of shaming their betrayer.
B) often have a preoccupied attachment style.
C) accelerate the healing process.
D) tend to be high in neuroticism.

Question 46

Are apologies helpful in forgiveness?

A) No, it is better to simply beg for understanding and mercy.
B) Yes, expressions of shame and regret are helpful.
C) No, they simply open old wounds.
D) Yes, even if they seem insincere.

Question 47

In forgiveness,you:

A) show that you condone the behavior of the one who offended you.
B) forget what the other person did to hurt you.
C) acknowledge that the conduct was harmful.
D) reserve the right to retaliate.

Question 48

If people want their betrayal to do the least harm to their relationship,they should:

A) admit to their wrongdoing without being asked.
B) allow a third party to tell of the betrayal.
C) admit to the most serious wrong they have done.
D) claim to be innocent of the act of betrayal.

Question 49

When betrayals occur,the:

A) two parties (betrayer and the person who is betrayed) typically see the betrayal's effects on the relationship in much the same manner.
B) perpetrators of betrayal are more likely to see possible benefits of the betrayal.
C) victims of betrayal are more likely to see possible benefits of the betrayal.
D) detrimental consequences of the betrayal are likely to be perceived immediately, the benefits after the dust settles.

Question 50

Betrayal is more common among:

A) unhappy individuals than among happy individuals.
B) women than among men.
C) older people than among younger individuals.
D) those who are well-educated than those who are less educated.