Deck 5: Nutrition

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about fats in food?

A)Fats are a primary source of quick energy.
B)Fats affect the texture and taste, but not the smell, of foods.
C)Fats depress appetite.
D)Fats are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Answer 1

Fats are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about fiber?

A)Fiber is best obtained through pills and other fiber supplements.
B)Increases in daily fiber intake should be gradual.
C)Consuming excessive fiber can increase vitamin absorption.
D)The typical American diet provides about 25g of fiber a day.

Answer 2

Increases in daily fiber intake should be gradual.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

A)protein
B)fat
C)water
D)vitamins

Answer 3

vitamins

Question 4

Your body needs ________ essential minerals.

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20

Question 5

Which of the following statements about vitamins and minerals is FALSE?

A)Consuming excessive amounts of vitamins or minerals can lead to toxicity.
B)Two types of vitamins exist-fat-soluble and water-soluble.
C)Minerals are organic substances; vitamins are inorganic.
D)Vitamins and minerals are both micronutrients.

Question 6

The main provider of energy for the brain and nervous system is

A)glucose.
B)lactose.
C)galactose.
D)sucrose.

Question 7

Which of the following can neutralize the effects of free radicals before they cause much damage?

A)phytoestrogens
B)antioxidants
C)phytotesterones
D)phytonutrients

Question 8

Which of the following food products is highest in unsaturated fats?

A)vegetable oils
B)palm oils
C)poultry
D)whole milk

Question 9

All of the following are functions of water, EXCEPT

A)helping to regulate body temperature.
B)lubricating our moving parts.
C)absorbing and transporting nutrients.
D)providing energy for the nervous system.

Question 10

The fatty acids now considered most hazardous to health are the

A)polyunsaturated fatty acids.
B)monounsaturated fatty acids.
C)high density lipoprotein acids.
D)trans fatty acids.

Question 11

Most adults need only ________ percent of their daily calorie intake in the form of fat.

A)10
B)15
C)20
D)25

Question 12

The acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) for protein is ________ percent of daily energy intake.

A)1-10
B)10-35
C)45-60
D)70-80

Question 13

Mary burns 2,000 calories a day; she requires approximately ________ cups of water daily.

A)2 to 4
B)6 to 8
C)8 to 12
D)14 to 16

Question 14

Your body needs at least ________ specific vitamins.

A)5
B)7
C)9
D)11

Question 15

Oxygen in the body is metabolized to produce unstable molecules called ________, which can damage cell structures and DNA.

A)antioxidants
B)phytochemicals
C)free radicals
D)phytoesterols

Question 16

Of the following individuals, who needs the least protein?

A)Derek, a 300-pound manager
B)Christian, a 60-pound seven-year-old
C)Michelle, a 140-pound mother-to-be
D)Scott, a 175-pound farmer

Question 17

The main purpose of proteins is to

A)protect body organs and membranes.
B)help regulate body temperature.
C)build and maintain body tissue.
D)provide energy for the brain.

Question 18

Which of the following is true of phytochemicals?

A)Nutritionists say most people should take them as supplements.
B)Research suggests they have many health benefits.
C)Only a limited number of foods contain them.
D)They are common biochemicals altered by radiation.

Question 19

When Kristi, a vegetarian, combines foods such as beans and rice to consume the right amino acids, she is practicing

A)protein matching.
B)mutual supplementation.
C)enzyme reduction.
D)weight management.

Question 20

MyPlate replaced the food pyramid previously promoted by the USDA because the food pyramid

A)overemphasized protein consumption.
B)was overly complicated and sometimes implied misleading information.
C)did not include antioxidants in its recommended food groups.
D)did not include fruit in its recommended food groups.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT included in the Institute of Medicine's recommended standard for front-of-package labels?

A)information about saturated and trans fats
B)information about sodium and added sugars
C)checkmarks to indicate when ingredients are within healthy ranges
D)the Institute of Medicine approval stamp

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true regarding food allergies?

A)Most food reactions are caused by food allergies.
B)Shellfish and fruits are not common allergenic foods.
C)Food allergies affect adults more than children.
D)Food allergies cause life-threatening reactions in many people.

Question 23

Taking nutritional supplements to provide essential nutrients is not necessary unless food intake is low or one has a condition causing a deficiency.

Question 24

The most common symptoms of food poisoning are

A)heart arrhythmias.
B)arthritis and kidney failure.
C)nausea, vomiting, and mild fever.
D)frequent urination and bloody diarrhea.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight foods most responsible for food allergies?

A)peanuts
B)wheat
C)chocolate
D)eggs

Question 26

Water regulates body temperature and carries waste products out of the body.

Question 27

Which of the following statements is TRUE of organic foods?

A)Research has confirmed their health advantages.
B)They pose a somewhat higher risk of causing food-borne illness.
C)They degrade soil and water and endanger the health of farm workers.
D)There are no current federal guidelines under which to certify them.

Question 28

Sweat contains electrolytes.

Question 29

Which of the following is a fruit or vegetable that carries little pesticide residue?

A)celery
B)apples
C)bananas
D)potatoes

Question 30

An immune reaction to the protein gluten is the cause of

A)celiac disease.
B)diabetes.
C)osteoporosis.
D)cardiovascular disease.

Question 31

The Environmental Protection Agency sets standards for water quality and inspects water supplies for bacteria and chemicals.

Question 32

Which of the following statements about

A)Some infections can be fatal to humans.
B)It occurs naturally in food crops.
C)Most people can ingest it without harm.
D)It dies quickly outside of its host.
E)coli is true?

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true of energy drinks?

A)They will soon be banned by the FDA.
B)Long-term studies on their side effects indicate they are not a health risk.
C)Experts feel their potential benefits outweigh their risks.
D)They could be harmful if consumed in excess or at the wrong time.

Question 34

The FDA permits the use of the term light on food packaging if the product has

A)no trans fats.
B)one-third fewer calories or half the fat of the regular product.
C)fewer calories than similar products.
D)at least 25 percent less fat than the regular product.

Question 35

Approximately how many Americans die every year from foodborne illness?

A)1,000
B)3,000
C)8,000
D)15,000

Question 36

Although a person can live without other nutrients for a long time, one can only survive for a few days without water.

Question 37

Vitamin water contains about as many calories as a soft drink.

Question 38

Which of the following statements about sodium intake is true?

A)Most people should not try to reduce their sodium intake.
B)Most of the sodium in our diets comes from sources other than salt.
C)The maximum recommended sodium intake for adults is 100 milligrams per day.
D)Most Americans consume approximately seven times the recommended sodium intake.

Question 39

Bottled water sold within the same state in which it was retrieved is exempt from FDA inspection.

Question 40

Which of the following common practices creates the greatest risk of transmitting foodborne illnesses?

A)placing cold foods in a refrigerator immediately after grocery shopping
B)defrosting meat and poultry at room temperature
C)holding cooked foods at 150 ^$\circ$ F before serving
D)washing raw produce

Question 41

The typical American consumes more than an adequate amount of fiber each day.

Question 42

Some cities now have ordinances that ban the use of trans fats in restaurants.

Question 43

Vegetarian diets may offer protection against heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, digestive disorders, obesity, and some forms of cancer.

Question 44

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are soluble only in water.

Question 45

A sudden increase in daily fiber, for example from 10g to 30g, may cause bloating, gas, and other problems, so increases should be made gradually.

Question 46

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats lower blood cholesterol levels or have no effect on them.

Question 47

Mercury contamination is a concern with every type of fish.

Question 48

The AMDR for protein is 10-35 percent of daily energy intake.

Question 49

Most of the carbohydrates and other nutrients we need come from grains, seeds, fruits, and vegetables.

Question 50

Many scientists estimate that trans fatty acids offer health benefits similar to those from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.

Question 51

Carbohydrates are the only source of energy for brain cells.

Question 52

The USDA recommends Americans consume two servings of fish per week.

Question 53

Packaged-food labels are regulated by the FDA, while labeling of meat and poultry products is regulated by the USDA.

Question 54

Carbohydrates are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 55

Unlike overconsumption of certain vitamins, consumption of excessive amounts of minerals will not lead to toxicity.

Question 56

The DASH Eating Plan was originally developed to reduce high blood pressure.

Question 57

Both MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans differ significantly from current eating patterns in the United States.

Question 58

Animal fats, found in meat, poultry, and whole-milk dairy products, are high in saturated fats, which tend to raise blood levels of cholesterol.

Question 59

Young children should get a higher percentage of their calories from fat than adults.

Question 60

Diets high in whole grains sometimes cause overeating because they do not make an individual feel full.

Question 61

Gluten is a form of protein that is found in wheat, barley, rye, and triticale.

Question 62

Eggs, peanuts, and milk are three of the eight foods that account for 90 percent of food allergies.

Question 63

Most food reactions are caused by food allergies rather than food intolerance.

Question 64

Most fast food restaurants will provide nutritional brochures to customers, if requested.

Question 65

The top of the food label gives the total calories and the calories from fat.

Question 66

The label "organic" means that all contents are organic.

Question 67

Eggs containing salmonella enteritis are the number-one cause of food poisoning outbreaks in the nation.

Question 68

Energy drinks should not be consumed immediately after a vigorous workout.

Question 69

Dietary ________ Intakes (DRIs) is an umbrella term developed by the National Academies' Food and Nutrition Board for four dietary measurements: estimated average requirement, recommended dietary allowances, adequate intake, and tolerable upper intake level.

Question 70

Asparagus, avocados, and bananas carry little pesticide residue, whether grown conventionally or organically.

Question 71

The FDA has concluded that all genetically modified food products require special safety testing.

Question 72

About 60 percent of processed foods now sold contain a genetically modified ingredient.

Question 73

The ________ Macronutrient Distribution Range is the amount of a particular nutrient an individual can consume without risking chronic disease.

Question 74

Artificial sweeteners are generally considered safe if consumed in recommended amounts.

Question 75

The least healthy options at fast-food restaurants are cheeseburgers and French fries.

Question 76

There is no treatment or cure for food allergies.

Question 77

Data from the Centers for Disease Control suggest that every year approximately 48 million people get sick from foodborne illness.

Question 78

Research has not demonstrated that organic foods are healthier and safer than conventionally grown foods.

Question 79

A majority of food poisoning outbreaks are attributed to food eaten at home.

Question 80

The use of some food descriptors, such as "light," are regulated by the FDA.