Deck 9: Alcohol and Tobacco

Question 1

Which population group tends to drink very little or abstain from alcohol because of a biological reaction to alcohol?

A)Asian Americans
B)African Americans
C)Native Americans
D)Hispanic Americans
E)Latino Americans

Answer 1

Asian Americans

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the metabolizing of alcohol is true?

A)Most alcohol is metabolized in the stomach.
B)Everyone has the same level of alcohol dehydrogenase in their bodies.
C)About 30 percent of alcohol is excreted in the breath, urine, and skin pores.
D)Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body.

Answer 2

Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body.

Question 3

Alcoholism is recognized as the number one health problem for which population?

A)Asian Americans
B)African Americans
C)Native Americans
D)Hispanic Americans
E)Latino Americans

Answer 3

Native Americans

Question 4

Binge drinking on college campuses is most strongly influenced by

A)the social environment.
B)economic conditions.
C)education levels.
D)heredity.

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding alcohol use in the United States is true?

A)About 40 percent of adults who drink are considered heavy drinkers.
B)About 90 percent of adults drink alcohol.
C)About 35 percent of adults call themselves abstainers.
D)About 50 percent of college students drink alcoholic beverages.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of alcohol-induced cirrhosis?

A)Its effects can be reversed by about 30 days' abstinence from drinking.
B)It can occur without symptoms in some people.
C)It begins at the moment a person takes his or her first drink.
D)It usually takes about 10 years of steady, heavy drinking for cirrhosis to develop.

Question 7

One practice that has substantially increased compliance with drunk driving laws is

A)tax increases.
B)server liability laws.
C)sobriety checkpoints.
D)raising the legal drinking age.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about ethnic differences in alcohol use?

A)Whites are more likely to abstain from alcohol use than African Americans.
B)Hispanic men and Hispanic women have similar alcohol consumption rates.
C)Alcohol consumption is higher among Asian Americans than among White Americans.
D)Socioeconomic and environmental factors influence ethnic differences in alcohol use.

Question 9

Alcohol abuse can lead directly to all of the following, EXCEPT

A)stroke.
B)lung cancer.
C)heart disease.
D)brain damage.

Question 10

You drank far too much last night, and as a result this morning you feel like you have a bad case of the flu.The best way to cope with your hangover is to

A)eat a large meal.
B)drink small quantities of alcohol.
C)take a painkiller and rest until you feel better.
D)engage in an activity that increases your heart rate.

Question 11

All of the following factors speed the absorption of alcohol, EXCEPT

A)alcohol concentration in the drink.
B)carbonation.
C)anger.
D)nicotine.

Question 12

The human brain completes its development during which stage of life?

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)early twenties

Question 13

Alcohol is removed from the liver at a rate of about ________ per hour.

A)one-quarter ounce
B)one-half ounce
C)three-quarters of an ounce
D)one ounce

Question 14

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption?

A)One to two drinks a day can elevate HDL.
B)The type of alcoholic beverage is more important than the pattern of drinking.
C)Although women may reduce their risk of coronary heart disease, they may increase their risk of breast cancer.
D)It poses less heart disease risk than abstaining.

Question 15

All of the following slow down the absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream, EXCEPT

A)food.
B)water.
C)stress.
D)smoking.

Question 16

Death can result from alcohol intoxication beginning at a blood alcohol concentration of about ______.

A)0.50
B)0.45
C)0.35
D)0.20
E)0.10

Question 17

Your friend was arrested for drunken driving; police said they had smelled alcohol on his breath.How is this possible?

A)Our breath retains strong non-alcoholic odors from drinks, especially beer.
B)Traces of alcoholic drinks remain in the tissues lining the mouth.
C)About 25 percent of alcohol is metabolized in the mouth.
D)The body excretes some alcohol directly into exhaled air.

Question 18

Alcohol use is a factor in about ________ of suicides in the United States.

A)one-eighth
B)one-third
C)two-thirds
D)three-quarters

Question 19

Travis passed out on the floor after a drinking contest, and now you can't wake him.The best thing you can do for him is

A)call 911.
B)carry him to a bed.
C)roll him onto his side.
D)cover him with a warm blanket.

Question 20

About 65 percent of American adults drink, at least occasionally.

Question 21

Which of the following is true of cigar smoking?

A)Most cigar smokers inhale the smoke.
B)Cigars present a rather low cancer risk.
C)Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.
D)Cigar smoke is less harmful than cigarette smoke.

Question 22

The average number of attempts required for successful smoking cessation is

A)two.
B)seven.
C)eleven.
D)sixteen.

Question 23

Of the carcinogenic substances in tobacco smoke, which is most damaging to the lungs?

A)nicotine
B)tar
C)endorphins
D)nitrous oxide
E)carbon monoxide

Question 24

Which of the following substances in tobacco smoke is most closely associated with oxygen deprivation to the heart?

A)hydrogen cyanide
B)nitrous oxide
C)carbon monoxide
D)nicotine
E)tar

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true about nicotine?

A)Several minutes are required for smokers to feel its effects.
B)In the brain, it stimulates the release of adrenaline and endorphins.
C)It is actually one of the less addictive substances in tobacco.
D)The body does not build up a tolerance for nicotine.

Question 26

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products commonly come in all the following forms EXCEPT

A)gum.
B)patches.
C)inhalers.
D)injections.
E)nasal sprays.

Question 27

Which of the following is the best way to break a pattern of excessive alcohol use?

A)Keep a drinking diary.
B)Set goals for change.
C)Ask a friend to hide your alcohol.
D)Reduce the amount of alcohol in your drinks.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about the short-term effects of smoking on the body is true?

A)Nicotine stimulates the production of urine.
B)The effects of nicotine peak in about two minutes.
C)Nicotine reaches the brain in about 60 seconds.
D)Nicotine causes constriction of blood vessels.

Question 29

The tobacco industry's 1998 Master Settlement Agreement with the states resulted in

A)a ban on all tobacco advertising.
B)reductions in tar and nicotine in all tobacco products.
C)advertising restrictions and payments to the states for tobacco education.
D)prison sentences for tobacco executives and damage payments to the states.

Question 30

Key reinforcers of nicotine addiction to cigarettes include all of the following EXCEPT

A)nicotine's ability to alleviate withdrawal symptoms.
B)a reduction in feelings of anxiety and depression.
C)increased dopamine levels in the brain.
D)relief from cold and flu symptoms.

Question 31

What is the typical number of pounds gained when a person stops smoking?

A)fewer than 5 pounds
B)7 to 10 pounds
C)15 to 20 pounds
D)20 to 25 pounds

Question 32

Withdrawal symptoms that occur when you try to quit smoking can typically include all of the following EXCEPT

A)depressed mood.
B)difficulty concentrating.
C)anxiety.
D)lack of appetite.

Question 33

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT

A)laryngitis.
B)emphysema.
C)asthma.
D)chronic bronchitis.

Question 34

The smoking rate for adults in the United States has leveled off at approximately ______ percent.

A)8
B)13
C)20
D)41
E)54

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true about smoking cessation?

A)Mucous production is among the last things to change following smoking cessation.
B)Quitting after age 70 has little effect on health or longevity.
C)Blood circulation decreases in most people after they quit smoking.
D)The risk of smoking-related heart attack can fall by half within a year.

Question 36

Which of the following statements about tobacco is true?

A)Tobacco use among college students is declining.
B)Tobacco smoke contains dozens of cancer-causing substances.
C)The higher one's educational achievements, the more likely one is to smoke.
D)Cigarettes account for about 50 percent of the tobacco sold in the United States.

Question 37

Which of the following segments of the U.S.population has the highest rate of smoking?

A)African Americans
B)Alaska Natives
C)Asian Americans
D)Hispanics

Question 38

Approximately ______ percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking.

A)32
B)49
C)66
D)87

Question 39

Smoking is estimated to play a role in ______ percent of all cancer deaths.

A)30
B)40
C)50
D)60

Question 40

Every day, an additional 4,000 teenagers under age 18 light up their first cigarette.

Question 41

Alcohol drinking has been shown to be a factor in about one-third of suicides.

Question 42

Ninety percent of alcohol is metabolized in the liver.

Question 43

One in three Americans smokes.

Question 44

Long-term alcohol abuse is associated with an overall decline in intellect.

Question 45

Alcohol is associated with a number of cancers, particularly cancers of the head and neck, digestive tract, and breast.

Question 46

One in three Americans smokes.

Question 47

A 150-pound person with more lean body tissue will have a lower blood alcohol concentration (BAC) than a 150-pound person with high body fat who drinks the same amount of alcohol.

Question 48

Fifty percent of adults who drink alcohol are considered "at-risk drinkers."

Question 49

Taxation of alcoholic beverages reduces consumption by underage and moderate drinkers.

Question 50

The first phase of alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, can be reversed with about 30 days' abstinence.

Question 51

Eighty percent of the population in the United States does NOT smoke.

Question 52

Alcohol is more likely than any other drug to be associated with violence.

Question 53

In the brain, nicotine stimulates the release of endorphins.

Question 54

Smoking is more common among African Americans than among any other ethnic group.

Question 55

Today, cigarettes account for nearly 95 percent of the tobacco market in the United States.

Question 56

It usually takes at least ten years of steady, heavy drinking to develop cirrhosis.

Question 57

Alcoholism is recognized as the number one health problem for Native Americans.

Question 58

College binge drinkers are more likely to meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence 10 years after college.

Question 59

The majority of alcohol that enters the body is absorbed into the stomach.

Question 60

Nicotine raises blood levels of low-density lipoproteins.

Question 61

Smoking is the largest single preventable cause of illness and premature death in North America.

Question 62

Cigars have more tobacco and nicotine per unit than do cigarettes.

Question 63

Individuals who stop smoking typically lose between 7 and 10 pounds until they adjust to not having nicotine in their system.

Question 64

A substance that causes changes in brain chemistry and alters consciousness is a(n) ________ drug.

Question 65

Smoking delays menopause by approximately five years.

Question 66

Consumption of cigarettes decreases as they become more expensive through taxation and other such measures.

Question 67

The decline in one's senses of smell and taste that result from smoking tobacco will gradually reverse when one stops smoking.

Question 68

An altered state of consciousness as a result of drinking alcohol or ingesting another substance is called ________.

Question 69

A man who drinks no more 14 drinks per week and no more than 4 drinks on any one day is considered a(n) ________ drinker.

Question 70

In North America, "one drink" is defined as ________ ounce(s) or 15 grams of alcohol.This is equivalent to 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or a 1.5 ounce shot of hard liquor.

Question 71

Nicotine suppresses appetite and increases basal metabolic rate.

Question 72

Drinking identified by the one-word term ________ is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks in a row for men and four or more drinks for women at least once in a two-week period.

Question 73

Smoking reduces the effectiveness of some medications, particularly anti-anxiety drugs and penicillin.

Question 74

Nearly four of every five smokers want to quit smoking.

Question 75

About one-third of the adult population in the United States label themselves as ________, people who do not drink any alcoholic beverages or drink less often than once a year.

Question 76

Those who use cigars and smokeless tobacco products have a higher risk for cancers of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach.

Question 77

Every day, the tobacco industry loses 4,600 smokers, either to quitting or to death.

Question 78

Cigarette smokers are more at risk for oral cancers than are cigar smokers.

Question 79

Individuals who quit smoking before age 50 cut their risk of dying within the next 15 years in half.

Question 80

Clove cigarettes contain higher levels of ________ and carbon monoxide than other cigarettes, which makes them especially hazardous to health.