Deck 3: Juvenile Crime, Criminals, and Victims

Question 1

The phrase used to describe the number of crimes committed, but undiscovered or unreported, is _________________.

A)misinformation
B)missing information
C)the dark figure of crime
D)the mismeasurement of man
E)the missing data

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to your text, the most comprehensive official measure of crime in the United States is _________________.

A)the Michigan State University Survey of Crime
B)the Justice Department Crime Analysis
C)the Uniform Crime Report
D)self report studies
E)the News and World Report Study

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Where does the Uniform Crime Report get its data?

A)crimes reported to the police and then reported to the FBI
B)surveys of large numbers of Americans asking them if they have been a victim of a crime
C)surveys of large numbers of Americans asking them if they have committed a crime
D)from studies done at The University of Illinois
E)newspaper reports

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Variables that correlate with not committing delinquent acts are called ___________.

A)aggravating variables
B)mitigating variables
C)risk factors
D)protective factors
E)crime prevention variables

Question 5

The way in which the number of cases processed through the juvenile justice system decreases at each successive step is called ________________.

A)diminishment
B)reduction
C)the liberal effect
D)the shrinkage factor
E)the funnel effect

Question 6

Accurate records concerning juveniles who commit delinquent acts are sometimes difficult or impossible to obtain because of __________________.

A)confidentiality and sealing restrictions
B)gag orders
C)secrecy laws
D)protection laws
E)necessary laws

Question 7

The amount of juvenile crime is measured by all but one of the following methods of gathering crime statistics.

A)experiments
B)official records
C)victimization surveys
D)self-report studies

Question 8

Which of the following is not part of the violent crime index?

A)terrorism
B)murder
C)rape
D)robbery
E)aggravated assault

Question 9

The Uniform Crime Report is compiled by the _____________________.

A)Department of Homeland Land Security
B)Justice Department
C)Federal Bureau of Investigation
D)Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences
E)American Society of Criminology

Question 10

The text offers several explanations for the general declines in juvenile crime beginning in 1994.Which of these explanations emphasizes the role of changes to policing strategies?

A)punitive explanation
B)societal changes explanation
C)community policing/community justice explanation
D)regression to the mean explanation

Question 11

Variables that, by their presence or absence, are correlated with delinquency are called _______________.

A)critical variables
B)risk factors
C)dependent variables
D)spurious variables
E)determinate variables

Question 12

The rule used in collecting data for the UCR that states only the most serious crime in any one criminal event will be counted is called ______________.

A)the hierarchy rule
B)the seriousness rule
C)the common sense rule
D)the most serious consequences rule
E)the index of offenses rule

Question 13

An example of a victimless crime is __________________.

A)murder
B)assault
C)larceny
D)auto theft
E)prostitution

Question 14

Variables that are predictive of juvenile delinquency are called ________.

A)independent variables
B)dependent variables
C)correlates
D)causation
E)risk factors

Question 15

A survey of crime victims is called ____________________.

A)the Uniform Crime Report
B)a victimization survey
C)a self-report study
D)a data collection study
E)The Washington D.C.Crime Victims Study

Question 16

A national survey of households on the subject of victimization that is conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics is called ___________________.

A)The National Crime Study
B)The National Crime Victimization Survey
C)The National Gang Crime Research Center
D)The Uniform Crime Report
E)The Crime Census

Question 17

The text offers several explanations for the general declines in juvenile crime beginning in 1994.Which of these explanations emphasizes the role of increased deterrence?

A)punitive explanation
B)societal changes explanation
C)community policing/community justice explanation
D)regression to the mean explanation

Question 18

In 2005 the total number of juvenile arrests for violent offenses ____________.

A)increased by 10 percent
B)increased by 2 percent
C)declined
D)stayed the same

Question 19

Which of the following is the least likely to be delinquent?

A)first born children
B)second born children
C)third born children
D)there is no relationship between birth order and delinquency

Question 20

Crimes in which the victim is often a willing participant, such as prostitution or gambling, are know as ___________.

A)crime of opportunity
B)property crimes
C)violent crimes
D)victim precipitated crimes
E)victimless crimes

Question 21

Risk factors put juveniles in greater risk of becoming delinquent while protective factors insulate a juvenile from becoming delinquent.

Question 22

The "dark figure of crime" refers to the terrible affects of crime on victims.

Question 23

Having peers who disapprove of delinquent behavior has not been found to be a protective factor against delinquency.

Question 24

The Uniform Crime Report is a very accurate report of the number of juvenile crimes in America.

Question 25

An example of a victimless crime is prostitution.

Question 26

A weak commitment to the school by an adolescent and poor school performance are related with increased involvement in delinquency and drug use.

Question 27

The way in which the number of cases processed through the juvenile justice system decreases at each successive step is called the funnel effect.

Question 28

Juvenile arrest rates for property crimes rose substantially from 2000 to 2006

Question 29

The text offers several explanations for the general declines in juvenile crime beginning in 1994.Which of these explanations emphasizes a return to normal statistical trend lines in juvenile crime?

A)punitive explanation
B)societal changes explanation
C)community policing/community justice explanation
D)regression to the mean explanation

Question 30

The Uniform Crime Report is compiled by the Department of Homeland Security.

Question 31

The larger the family size, the more likely it is that a child in the family will be delinquent.

Question 32

The "dark figure of crime" refers to the national drug problem.

Question 33

The UCR uses the hierarchy rule that states only the most serious crime in any one criminal event will be counted when compiling data.

Question 34

The presence of a father in a home reduces the likelihood of a delinquent son.

Question 35

Juveniles are responsible for most crimes in the United States.

Question 36

Juveniles are responsible for most violent crimes in the United States.

Question 37

First-born children are less likely to be delinquent than other birth-order children.

Question 38

Most crimes committed against juveniles are reported to the police.

Question 39

Juvenile arrests rates for violent crimes have declined from 2004 to 2006.

Question 40

Variables that are predicitve of juvenile delinquency are called dependent variables

Question 41

Explain the overall trends in juvenile arrest rates over the last 25 years.

Question 42

What is the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention?

Question 43

What are risk factors in juvenile delinquency?

Question 44

How can crime be victimless? Give some examples.

Question 45

What are protective factors in juvenile delinquency?

Question 46

How is the Uniform Crime Report compiled?

Question 47

What is the "hierarchy rule?"

Question 48

What is the Uniform Crime Report?

Question 49

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Self-Report Studies?

Question 50

What are the four crimes of the Violent Crime Index?

Question 51

What are the six areas of risk and protective factors in juvenile delinquency?

Question 52

The texts offers several possible explanations for generally lower levels of juvenile crime since 1994.Identify and describe each of these explanations.

Question 53

What is NIBRS?

Question 54

What are the four crimes of the Property Crime Index?

Question 55

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Victimization Studies?

Question 56

Overall, juveniles are only involved in a small percentage of crime when compared to adults.